The Wind in The Book of Songs

1

Management bureau

The Book of Songs? Nan Zhou Management Bureau? Pre-Qin era

Guan Guanluo (jū) and Pigeon (jiū) are in Hezhou.

Yao (y m 40) Yao (ti m 40) is a lady, and a gentleman is good at Yao (h m 40).

Staggered vegetables flow from one side to the other.

My beautiful lady, I want it.

If you can't pursue it, the black nightclub misses her during the day.

Youyou (zāi) Youyou, roll (zh m: n) to the opposite side.

Mix shepherd's purse and choose from left to right.

A beautiful and virtuous woman came to her with a couple and a couple.

Shepherd's purse is uneven, left and right (mao).

My Fair Lady, Yue.

Appreciation: Since ancient times, Guanju has been divided into two chapters. One is that every four sentences are a chapter, and the whole poem has five chapters. The other is divided into three chapters, with four sentences in the first chapter and eight sentences in the second and third chapters. Literally, I prefer the second method. The first chapter is a general introduction with an objective attitude; The second and third chapters begin with the hero. First of all, he said that he missed the lady and couldn't even sleep. Then, after he proposes to a lady, he will do everything possible to make her feel happy and comfortable. If the second chapter is close to reality, then the third chapter is romantic, and the lyric hero is intoxicated with the bright future of love success.

Customs clearance, the sum of men and women is also corresponding. Guanluo, a waterfowl, also known as Wang Ju, is a kind of heron. Today, it exists between the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River. There are naturally unruly couples who swim together occasionally without confrontation. Therefore, Mao Chuan thinks it is sincere and unique. Lienv believes that people have never seen him ride a horse, but it is natural. River, the floorboard of flowing water in the north. The mainland, a habitable place in the water. Gentle and graceful, carefree. Shu, people. A woman, called an unmarried woman, refers to the fact that Princess Wang Wen is a virgin. Gentleman refers to wang wen also. Good is also good. Yi, Pi also. Mao: Express deep affection for harmony.

-Zhu note

As a love poem, Guanju is set in the waters. In The Book of Songs, men and women often meet and courtship at the water's edge. Guan Ju is the first one, and his choice of scenery is typical.

This poem uses the expression of "xing", which means that things come first, then things come. It was the singing of the osprey that led the author to pursue a lady. Similar phenomena have appeared in osprey fishing and male courtship. Use waterfowl fishing to imply sexual union.

Guan Nv describes the hero's handling of shepherd's purse and his pursuit of a lady, and adopts a progressive brushwork. The movements of the protagonist are fluid, picking and smashing in turn. Flowing is to let go, that is, to pile the picked leeks around; Picking, that is, selecting and sorting the piled shepherd's purse; In fact, the shepherd's purse is stacked left and right. The hero's handling of shepherd's purse is from disorder to order, step by step. Look at the hero chasing the lady again. Lock her as the most suitable spouse first, and then "want", so that she can't get it, so that she can't sleep, so that she can't get it. The man thought hard all night and finally found a way to get close to a lady, and finally succeeded. Friends of the Hare is to attract women's attention and goodwill by playing the harp, and then get close opportunities. "Bell and drum music" is to ring the bell and drum and marry the woman you like. "Friends of the harp" is to create a relaxed and happy atmosphere and bring each other closer in entertainment. "Bell and drum music" means holding a grand wedding to make women extremely happy. In ancient times, there were songs and dances at weddings. As a wedding poem, Xiaoya Car Jurisdiction describes it like this: "Although there is no virtue and no woman, you can sing and dance." In the poem, the groom takes singing and dancing as an important wedding program to please each other.

Guan's heroine calls herself a "gentleman", and her poems are written by young aristocrats, with fresh and elegant style and obvious civilized attributes of rites and music in the Zhou Dynasty.

2

Jia Jian

The Book of Songs, National Style and Qin Feng

Jiān jiā is ash, and the Millennium is frost. The so-called Iraqis are on the water side.

As a result, the road is blocked and long. Swim back from it, in the middle of the water

Anxiety (qρ), and the Millennium (xρ). The so-called Iraqis are in the water (méi).

Go back and follow, the road is blocked (jι). Swim from it and swim in the water (chí).

Jia Cai, peace and prosperity have not passed. The so-called Iraqis are in the water.

Tracing back from it, the road is blocked and right; From its upstream, swim in the water (zhǐ).

Appreciation: "Acacia writes about the past, and there is no armor."

The so-called acacia, hope but not, see but not; Although you work hard and give everything you want, you will never get it. So the faint feelings are beyond words. I smell string songs, and the string stops and the sound is in my ears; After reading "Jia Jian" today, the article stops here, and the rest of my feelings never leave.

A reed, a reed, a wandering thing, swaying with the wind, stops at its roots, if it floats, if it stops, if it has nothing. Infinite thoughts, wandering in a trance, worrying about the roots. Roots, love also. Acacia is not as good as acacia Exposed to things, disappeared in an instant. Buddha said: Everything has its own way, like a dream. If dew is like electricity, it should be seen this way; Love is a thing, illusory and shapeless. Zhuangzi said: "Happiness comes from the air and steam it into bacteria." . That makes sense. Dew condenses into frost. Earth, air and body fluid are born from the ground, and thin and cold are frost. Beauty is not available, so lovesickness is very beneficial and affectionate. So it is called "not yet" and "not yet". Although you can't get it, you will suffer. Don't ask for it, love never leaves! This lovesickness is the most bitter!

Love is tied to the so-called Iraqi people. However, on the water side, I don't know where it is. Jia Changjiang has a poem: "But which corner of the mountain, how do I know, through all these clouds?" "If a husband is happy, he will ask for something, so he waded through the water though he didn't know where he was. It is called "back to back" and "back to back", which is also up and down. Moreover, the road twists and turns are hard to find, which is really a "up, he looks for green vanity, down, and the grave." But in the end, "but he failed, and in two places, he didn't find the person he was looking for", but the pursuer was a phantom cloud, hidden from the mirror and would not be available.

Acacia is beneficial, just like the shadow in front, within reach, but out of reach. The phrase "everything is in the middle of the water" is as long as the sound of a broken string. Every time I read this, I can't help but rejoice, sigh, complain and cry!

If the "Iraqi" in the poem is regarded as a lover, then this poem shows the melancholy mood of the lyric hero's persistent pursuit of good love. The spirit is precious and the feelings are sincere, but the result is slim and the situation is sad.

But the most valuable and striking thing about this poem is not the pursuit and loss of the lyric hero, but the artistic conception of "being on the water side" created by him, which has universal significance. Good poetry can create artistic conception. Artistic conception is a pattern and a structure, which has the performance of containing all heterogeneous things with similar patterns and structures. The structure of On the Water is: chasing troops-rivers-Iraqis. Because the "Iraqi people" in the poem has no specific reference, and the meaning of the river lies in the barrier, all the pursuits that are difficult to achieve because of being blocked in the world can be isomorphic and resonate here.

From this point of view, we might as well understand the poetry of the novel as a symbol and take On the Water as an artistic paradigm to express all the difficulties in social life. The "Iraqis" here can be talents, friends, lovers, achievements, ideals, prospects, and even blessed land, holy land and heaven; The "river" here can be high mountains and deep valleys, patriarchal clan system and ethics, or any other obstacles that may be encountered in real life. As long as there are pursuits, obstacles and disappointments, it is the world that it reproduces and expresses. In this way, the ancients interpreted it as persuading people to follow the etiquette, recruiting talents and cherishing talents. Today, people regard it as a love poem, and some even regard it as an ancestor worship ceremony of ancient water gods. I'm afraid there is some truth. It seems inappropriate to stick to one family and exclude others, because they are all included in the symbolic meaning of "on the water side"

Naturally, when we are in a situation similar to "on the water side", we should appreciate its keen pursuit, not its pessimistic disappointment.

This poem creates a hazy, fresh and mysterious artistic conception with images such as water, reed, frost and dew. The morning mist covers everything, and the crystal dew has condensed into frost. A shy girl walked slowly. The water image in the poem represents women and embodies the beauty of women, and the thin mist is like a veil covered by a girl. She appeared at the water's edge, and then on the land of water. I can't find it, and my anxious and helpless mood itches like an ant crawling and hurts like a knife cutting. As we often say, "distance produces beauty", this kind of beauty becomes hazy, fuzzy and unclear because of distance. The identities, faces and spatial positions of the protagonist and the Iraqi people are vague, giving people a vague, looming and hazy feeling. Sword armor, white dew, Iraqi people and autumn water are becoming more and more elusive, forming a hazy and elegant watercolor painting. At the beginning of each chapter of the poem, the brushwork of seeing interest in fu is adopted. Through the description and admiration of the real scene in front of me, I drew an ethereal artistic conception that enveloped the whole article. The poet grasps the uniqueness of autumn colors, and repeatedly depicts and renders the empty and sad atmosphere in late autumn, so as to express the poet's disappointment but ardent yearning for his friends. The first two sentences of each chapter are inspired by autumn scenery, which leads to the text. It not only points out the season and time, but also renders the desolate atmosphere, which sets off the melancholy mood of the characters and reaches the artistic situation of blending scenes. The three images of "Jiaxu", "Water" and "Arbitrary" complement each other and blend into one, and the things for fun and the things described constitute a complete artistic world. At the beginning, the scene of reeds growing by the water in autumn is exactly "expressing meaning with images" and has the role of "passion" Because of the reed, and under the reflection of the sky and water, it is bound to present a state of confusion, showing the realm of "hazy love" in the hero's heart from one side. Wang Fuzhi's "Jiang Zhai Shi Hua" said: "Those who care about the current situation are also self-interested and beneficial to others. Although the scene is divided into heart and object. Scenery gives birth to emotions, emotions give birth to scenery, touch sadness and joy, welcome honor and disgrace, and hide in each other's homes. " The poem "Jin Jia" is to combine the unique scenery in late autumn with the euphemistic and melancholy lovesickness of the characters, thus rendering the atmosphere of the whole poem and creating a confusing and patchy artistic conception. This is exactly the sentence "All scenery and words are sentimental". The rich aesthetic feeling of the poem "Jiaxu" deserves our attention from the perspective of appreciation and creation.

three

Qin Feng is naked.

Have I nothing to wear? Robe with my son. Wang Yuxing, fix my spear. Hatred with my son!

Have I nothing to wear? Take your son. Wang Yu started the division and repaired my spear and halberd Work with your son!

Have I nothing to wear? Take your son. Wang Yu started his division and trained our soldiers. Go with your son!

Appreciation: 1. The background of the poem: the west was killed by the dog Rong, moved eastward to protect it, and attacked the dog Rong on the orders of the King of Qi. Explaining this poem, Mr. Wang Xianqian said: "Xirong killed the king, so the princes thought that they didn't hate the enemy of heaven, and the Qin people were forced by the enemy of the king, so they were called enemies."

Qin Feng Without Clothes is the most famous love poem in The Book of Songs. It is the battle song of the people of Qin (now central Shaanxi and southeastern Gansu) against the invaders of Xirong. In this war of anti-aggression, the people of Qin showed their brave and fearless spirit of martial arts and also created this impassioned war song.

2. Specific grasp:

The whole poem consists of three chapters, and each chapter corresponds to its sentence pattern. Poetry is similar, but slightly different, and advances poetically in re-singing. Singing, marching, marching.

Chapter one, unifying thoughts. At that time, the military situation was urgent, and it was difficult to prepare all the clothes for the time being. "No clothes", this is the real writing. It can also be understood as an exaggerated way of writing, fighting for the country, regardless of the difficulties of incomplete clothes, "sharing robes with children" and sharing shirts with comrades. "Wang Yu promotes teachers", so everyone should quickly build "Mao Ge". Why can everyone overcome difficulties and unite to prepare for war? "Take your son!" We all realize that the enemy is the same, and we must fight against the same enemy together.

Chapter two, unified action. "Having fun with my son" and "training my spear and halberd" let's act together and "be United with my son" and join this movement.

Chapter three, go to the battlefield together. Walking with my son, singing enthusiastically, uniting against the enemy and going to war.

In the first sentence and the second sentence of each chapter, this battle song is written as "uniform", "uniform" and "uniform" respectively, which shows the spirit of soldiers overcoming difficulties and uniting and helping each other. In the third and fourth sentences of each chapter, the words "repair my spear", "repair my spear halberd" and "repair my armor" are written successively, which shows that the soldiers are ready for war. At the last sentence of each chapter, write "share the same enemy", "work together" and "help each other in the same boat" to show the patriotic feelings and fearless spirit of the soldiers. This is a poem, which directly expresses the soldiers' high emotions of fighting against the enemy and going to the battlefield with the expression of "Fu", and reveals the lofty inner world of the soldiers step by step.

This poem consists of three paragraphs, and in the form of repeated sentences, it shows the high fighting spirit of Qin Jun soldiers before going out to war: they call for encouragement to each other, forget their lives, and share the same enemy. This is an impassioned military song!

This poem is a military ballad, which reflects the spirit of Qin's unity and friendship and * * * resistance to the enemy. The whole poem is divided into three chapters, using the tone of soldiers talking to each other. On the eve of the fierce battle, the soldiers got together and nervously trimmed their weapons. At this time, some people worry that they have no clothes to wear. His comrades-in-arms comforted him in a friendly way: "whoever says there is no clothes, I will wear a shirt with you!" " He also encouraged his companions with great righteousness: "When the country sends troops to fight, we can repair weapons. You and I face a common enemy. "From the poem, we can not only see the friendship between soldiers, but also see their patriotic spirit of willing to accept but making great sacrifices at the moment of national disaster. The poem is short in syllables and passionate in tone, which vividly shows the scene of Qin soldiers sharing weal and woe and joining the army generously.

3. Theme and theme: No Clothes shows the thoughts and feelings of the people in the slave society to defend the country, unite against the enemy and devote themselves bravely. It is really touching, generous and magnificent, and it is indeed an ancient military song full of national spirit and artistic charm.

Note: when reading this poem, we should pay attention to the generous and magnificent tone of the whole poem.

four

Zheng Yan

Qin and Yan, Fang Huan and.

Female scholar, Fang Bingxi.

What do women think? Scholars say it's both, and see?

Besides, you can enjoy yourself.

Wizards and women, Ikey teased each other and fed them a spoonful of medicine.

Appreciation: late spring and March, spring melts. Qinshui and Weishui are two famous rivers in the ancient state of Zheng. They churned white waves, galloped and jumped down the river happily. On the beaches on both sides of the river, there is a lively scene: boys and girls take off their winter clothes and put on spring clothes, which is even more refreshing. People hold a bunch of orchids in their hands, which is a tool they use to brush away impurities. But at the moment, they are holding it out of love of beauty rather than superstition. On the way from the river to the seaside, young men and women are still in an endless stream. They walked, sang and laughed. Ah, what a happy festival, what a group of innocent young people! This is Zheng Feng? The first four sentences in each chapter of Yan give us a vivid picture.

Then, the poet turned the pen and described the object aimed at the protagonist in the poem: a young man and a woman. The woman came in a hurry, and the young man had been waiting by the water for a long time, but "many people were looking for her", looking at his neck and stepping on his heel, but there was no sign of the woman. However, just then, the girl came. Although the young man is very happy inside, his long-simmering anger has not completely disappeared, and it is inevitable that it will be revealed on his face. The girl quickly came forward to apologize and warmly invited: "Let's go and watch the fun together." The young man was still wronged and deliberately said, "I have seen it." The girl invited again: "Go and have a look again. The water is so spacious and happy. " Where are young people really angry? Before the girl finished, he turned and walked side by side with her to the river, leaving a bunch of happy laughter behind him. They collected colorful peonies and gave them to each other affectionately-another hundred-year love affair of young people ended successfully by the Qinshui River in a stagnant water. Their innocent love, like peony blooming in their hands, exudes intoxicating fragrance.

However, such a good poem describing the pure love life of young men and women has been accused by many feudal guardians as an "obscene poem". Words like "Zheng Sheng's lewdness", "the voice of Zheng Wei and the voice of national subjugation" are really timeless. However, do they understand this poem? No "Preface to Mao Poetry" says: "Qin Yan, thorns are chaotic. War-torn, men and women abandon each other, and obscenity is rampant. It is impossible to save them. " Actually, where is this? Spring water is falling, and scholars and women gather. Where is the shadow of war? Fortunately, the explanation of Korean Poetry Biography gives us the key to understand this poem: "Qin and Yan, say (Yue) people. The custom of Zheng Guo, on the third day of March, evokes the soul with two waters to dispel the ominous, so the poet is willing to share the view with the speaker. " ("Taiping Yulan" 886) Our analysis of the poem "Qin Gui" is based on this passage in the biography of Korean poetry.

Qin Yan is particularly attacked because the heroine in this poem is particularly bold, enthusiastic, cheerful and lively. She took the initiative to invite the young man to play, and she talked and laughed with him without scruple. These are far from the "courtesy" required by the defenders of feudal society later. How can we stop them from frowning and criticizing? Zhu Peng wrote "Biography of Poetry" and said: "The joy of political power is lewd. However ... Wei is still a word for men to please women, and Zheng is a word for women to confuse men ... it is lewd, more than Wei. " However, in our opinion, this is the first success of this poem-in just a few lines, it depicts such a lively female image for us.

"Which young man is not good at love? Which young woman is not good at Chun Qing? This is the most sacred god in our humanity. " (Introduction to Goethe's Young Werther) Love has been a theme sung by human beings for thousands of years, and in folk songs, love songs account for a particularly large proportion. In ancient China society, the Spring and Autumn Period was a relatively free period for men and women to fall in love. Therefore, the love songs in The Book of Songs are often particularly bold and lively, and rarely obscure and tortuous. Even if it comes from a woman's mouth, such as the cunning son, Wanshang and Zigan in Zhengfeng. The lively and cheerful girl in Qin Yan is the female image that may appear in that era and that specific environment. She is not only different from later generations, "seeing people come, slipping away with socks and leaving with shame." Looking back at the door, Wen Qingmei "(Li Qingzhao 6l fluorine lips? Qiu Shi is a noble girl, which is also different from being a good girl and flirting with others when having an affair. "Meet in front of you to reciprocate, meet in the narrow path to get out of the way" (Feng Ming magnum "Folk Songs? Deceptive ","China storytelling materials "(the first episode), a small jasper who learned to disguise and disguise under the pressure of feudal ethics. In her body, it shows the fresh and simple beauty of the ancient working people. It is this fresh and simple beauty that has not been poisoned by feudal ethics that makes the whole poem melt and shine. Confucius said, "There are 300 poems. In short, thinking is innocent. " Qin Yi is a pure love song of "innocent thinking".

The second success of this poem lies in its ingenious structure. There are two chapters in the whole poem, only the first four sentences are different. The poem describes the first day of March, so "Spring Water Drifting" and "Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival", "Scholar and Woman, Fang Bingjian" and "Scholar and Woman, Yinyi" write the same scenery and scenes. The eight sentences at the beginning of these two chapters complement each other, and the isomorphism of * * * becomes the background of the whole poem. The poet outlined the lively scene on the banks of Shangsi River in March with concise brushstrokes, which set a lively and joyful tone for the whole poem and paved the way for the following description. In Zhu's words, the method used at the beginning was "giving and rejuvenating". If the first eight sentences are similar to the scene description with wide-angle lens in film shooting, then the following sentences focus on the protagonist in the poem, and through their activities and dialogues, the joyful atmosphere of the whole poem is pushed to a climax. The cross-complementary scenery description is divided into two chapters, which adds poetic changes without affecting the atmosphere rendering effect; The combination of distant view and close-up, panoramic view and close-up makes poetry look dynamic and lively, which is suitable for the content and feelings expressed by poetry. This is the ingenious structure of this poem.

In addition, in terms of language, this poem is also very distinctive. The Book of Songs consists of four neat words, while Qin Yi is a mixture of three words, four words and five words. Reading the whole poem, I feel that its tone is really as lively as a stream of spring water. The two lyrics of the girl in the poem: "Let's see and surpass it; Dirty and happy. " It's quite like a cheerful and lively girl talking to her lover. She half advised Ban Qiu: "Go and have a look again ("There is also "training" and "recovery", see Mr. Yu Guanying's The Book of Songs). It's really spacious, and it's cola by the water! The three function words "Qi", "Hu" and "Xun" are particularly vivid.

Besides, there are many more. See/view/view/62616.htm.

I hope my answer is helpful to you!