Where is a castle in China?

Located in the valley of northwest Sichuan, Danba is the settlement of Jiarong Tibetans, with unique culture and rich natural landscape: patchwork Tibetan architecture, green trees, snow-white walls and crimson eaves; Pear trees and apple trees are everywhere, with flowers like snow in spring and branches in autumn; Especially the towers that stand among the mountains are tall and straight, so Danba has the reputation of "the country with thousands of towers". After entering Yala Snow Mountain Scenic Area, the road section to Danba County, from west to east, the altitude dropped from more than 4,000 meters to 1.780 meters, and the landscape also showed three-dimensional changes due to different altitudes. Snow-capped mountains are inlaid at the end of the canyon like a sparkling gem, covered by auspicious clouds at the top of the mountain, and Haizi at the foot of the mountain is scattered among the trees like pearls. The Donggu River, which originated from the snow-capped mountains, cut a road from the mountain and ran eastward, leaving a steep canyon behind. The farther east you go, the deeper the canyon and the faster the water flows. You can see the distribution of Tibetan villages on the hills on both sides, with watchtowers in the middle.

Diaolou is a unique building in Danba, which is distributed all over the county, mainly on both sides of the river valley. Or in groups of three or five, or independent of mountains and rivers, the towers echo each other, stand by the mountains, have concentrated locations, and within sight, dozens of towers fluctuate continuously, forming a spectacular tower group. Among many diaolou communities, Suopo Township's diaolou group is the most distinctive. Starting from Danba County, go down the Dadu River, and take the dirt road for about seven kilometers to reach Suopo Township. Looking across the Dadu River, high-rise buildings have mushroomed, ranging from ten feet high to five or six feet low. Cross the iron chain bridge into the village and look at the watchtower, all made of stone. The foundation of a bunker is more than ten feet wide, and it is usually made of huge stones. The shape of the tower is mostly quadrilateral, pentagonal, hexagonal, octagonal, and it is said that there are twelve or triangles. Although they are all made of flaky stones, the walls are smooth, the gaps are tight and the edges and corners are straight, which reflects the architect's superb design ability and technological level.

The watchtower is a strong fortification against the enemy.

There is a legend about the diaolou: a long time ago, there was a fierce demon in the Dadu River basin, which absorbed the boy's soul. In order to protect the growth of children, whoever gives birth to a boy will have to build a tall tower to ward off evil spirits. Every year when a child grows up, the tower will be repaired once, and a lump of crude iron will be refined into a lump. When the child grows to 18 years old, the watchtower is built to 18 floor, and the rough iron is refined into steel knives. At this time, the steel knife was given to the boy as an adult gift to encourage him to fight bravely and defeat the enemy.

The legend can't be verified, but the watchtower is really closely related to the war. The towers in Danba can be roughly divided into four types: key tower, beacon tower, stockade tower and home tower, especially home tower and stockade tower. The tower built behind the house is closely connected with the residential building and belongs to the domestic tower. The home tune is relatively short, and it is generally used as a storage room to guard against bandits and defend against war. Fortress is a war tool to protect villages, tribes and regions, which is similar to the function of the city gate and more flexible than the city gate; Important pass blockhouses are built on dangerous passes, and many blockhouses stand on cliffs to defend against enemy attacks. They are solid fortifications that "one person guards them and ten thousand people cannot force them"; Beacon is used to transmit war information, and it also has the combat function of other towers.

The walls of the tower are thick and solid, and many walls are paved with huge stones weighing several hundred kilograms and several thousand kilograms. The gate of the tower is located at a height of 10 to 2 feet from the ground. There were wooden ladders in front of the towers in those days (this kind of wooden ladder is still widely used in the third and fourth houses in Jinchuan Valley and the upper reaches of Danba Dadu River), and only a single tree can climb into the tall tower. When the enemy comes, pull the wooden ladder into the high bunker and close the bunker door. The door of the bunker is short and small, and the door panel is made of planks, so it is not easy to break into houses. There are wooden compartments in the bunker, which are as high as ten or twenty floors, and each floor has arrow windows and gun holes. Higher up, there is a big window like a small door, which can throw huge stones at the enemy. Many stones were piled up at all levels in the bunker. As long as the enemy is close to the high bunker, he will suffer a heavy blow at any time. Even if the enemy breaks into the bunker and the upper layer throws flying stones, the possibility of survival is very small, let alone occupying the high bunker.

The tall tower overlooks the enemy. From a distance, you can shoot with an arrow, and from a close distance, you can roll a stone. Advance can attack, retreat can defend. The enemy was exposed on the land of vilen. He hid in a strong tower, waiting for the attack and the opportunity to act.

The roof of the watchtower has many functions.

Danba dwellings and watchtower come down in one continuous line in architectural style. The walls are also made of stone, and the building is three or four stories high. Generally, livestock are raised on the ground floor, the living room, kitchen and pot farm on the second floor, the living room on the third floor and the church on the top floor. Traditional roofs are made of adobe, but now many people have used cement. The roof of the collector has various functions, and the family can move on it at ordinary times, and it is also a place to dry food during the harvest season. A small hole was found on the roof of the building, which was the pipeline that the grain was directly taken back to the house after drying, avoiding the burden of carrying it down. There is a white stone on the four corners of each collector's roof. Jia Rong people worship the white stone in spring prayers, autumn newspapers and New Year's Day. In the direction of the roof platform, there is a tripod made of white stone with a clay pot on it. If you want to do something important at home, or if someone wants to go out for a long trip, pray in a clay pot. Jiaju Township is the most representative residential building in Danba. Out of Danba City, go to Jinchuan River. After about seven or eight kilometers, climb the mountain, and then pass through Panshan Highway for about seven or eight kilometers to Jiaju Tibetan Village. The Tibetan village is built on the mountain, from the valley to the ridge. On the hillside with a relative height difference of nearly 1000 meters, Tibetan-style buildings are scattered among green trees, and the snow-white walls are particularly eye-catching under the sunlight. Jia Rong Tibetans paint the walls with lime slurry every winter in June 12.

Traveler's advice

Route, transportation cost, scenic spots along the way

There are two routes to choose from from Chengdu to Danba:

1. Take a bus from Chengdu Xinnanmen Bus Station, pass Chengya Expressway, cross the newly opened Erlangshan Tunnel, cross the famous Luding Bridge at home and abroad, go up Kangding River, and reach the foot of Fukangding in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. Chengdu to Kangding luxury bus fare 1 10 yuan. The next day, I drove over the 4,300-meter-high Zheduo Mountain, passed through xinduqiao, which is loved by many photographers, and then went to Tagong Town, a Buddhist holy place. More than 40 kilometers ahead, you can see Bamei Town, a stone forest in the plateau. It is 83 kilometers from Bamei to Danba, passing through natural open-air hot springs. Down the Donggu River, you arrive at Danba County, the hometown of thousands of diaosi. The fare is around 80 yuan. On the third day, you can take a bus to Jiaju Tibetan Village and see Jiaju Tibetan Village, which is the best in the world. Then take a 7-kilometer bus ride to see the world wonder-Suopo Tibetan Bunker.

2. Take a bus from Chengdu Ximen Bus Station, walk to Chengguan Expressway, pass through the world-famous Dujiangyan, pass through Wolong Giant Panda Nature Reserve, cross Balang Mountain at an altitude of 4,500 meters, and reach the foot of Siguniang Mountain-Rilong Town. If you drop by Siguniang Mountain, you will stay here for a few more days. If you want to see the wonders of Danba earlier, you can take a bus down Xiaojin River the next day and go straight to Danba via Xiaojin County. The fare to 70 yuan is about 345 kilometers.

If you have enough time by car, you can take the ring road, 1 road and No.2 road, and you can see all kinds of scenery.

prescribe a diet

In Danba, you can not only eat the delicious food that Chengdu can eat, but also eat the unique flavor of Tibetan areas, such as ghee, pollution-free beef and mutton, seasonal vegetables, as well as alpine apples, pears and walnuts.

Best tourist season

From the first year 12 to the second year's March, the road surface of 4500m mountain road will freeze, and the best tourist season is May-165438+ 10.

Matters needing attention

Take Danba, from the plain to the plateau, and climb more than 4500 meters of mountains on the way. Climate change is very different. Tourists who have mountain reactions should not only bring enough warm clothes, but also prepare some emergency medicines. If you drive by yourself, the car must be in good condition.

stay

1. You can stay at Kangding Hotel. These beds are available in high, medium and low grades. High-grade bed 180 yuan, low-grade bed 30 yuan. Discounts can also be given in the off-season.

2. Danba can stay in Danba Hotel. Although the conditions are not as good as those in big cities, it is hygienic and safe, cheap and comfortable, and 20 yuan has a bed;

3. If you pass by Siguniang Mountain, you can also stay in Siguniang Mountain, where there are complete tourist facilities and various hotels, with prices ranging from 15 yuan to 500 yuan.