Sansheng III prayed for the New Year in the Temple of Heaven.

According to historical records, from the Xia Dynasty, which was still in a slave society in 2000 BC, every important building in the history of China was an important one: the sacrificial building.

The Temple of Heaven in Beijing is a sacrificial building built in the late feudal society of ancient China. It is the most representative work among many sacrificial buildings in China, the pearl of ancient architecture in China and the treasure in the history of world architecture. The main buildings of the Temple of Heaven in Beijing, such as the Hall for Praying for the New Year, the Imperial Palace and the Dome, were also rebuilt at this time and have been preserved to this day.

In the 15th year of Guangxu (1889), there was a thunderstorm on August 24th. The Temple of Heaven, which stood in the Imperial Capital for more than 340 years, was unfortunately attacked by thunder and fire. The plaque inscribed with "Hall of Praying for the New Year" in Qianlong Palace was smashed and fell to the ground, burning the lintel where the plaque was hung, and the fire quickly spread to the main hall. Although the personnel on duty struggled to put out the fire, because the building was too high, the water could not reach it, which ultimately did not help. After dawn the next day, the resplendent and magnificent Hall of Prayer for the New Year has gone up in smoke, leaving only thick dust accumulation and the lingering fragrance of nanmu in the air.

Undoubtedly, if it were not for this natural disaster, what we might see today would still be the magnificent temple built in the 21st year of Jiajing (1642).

Fortunately, a group of photographers who came to China in the early days left us with images of the Hall of Praying for the New Year in front of the fire. So what kind of past lives did the old photos tell about the Temple of Heaven?

The Temple of Heaven, one of the symbols of Beijing, was built in the 18th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (1420). After more than 500 years, disasters and three major overhauls. The worst time was in the 15th year of Guangxu (1889), which was destroyed by thunder and lightning on August 24th. The Record of the Qing Dynasty (Volume 273) stated that "the Temple of Heaven was destroyed by thunder and fire on the 24th of this month ...".

As the Hall of Prayer for the New Year is an old thing of the Ming Dynasty, there are no construction drawings left at all. Emperor Guangxu ordered Lin Shu, the minister of punishments, and Pan Zuyin, the minister of industry, to be responsible for reconstruction. The craftsmen who participated in the renovation project of the Hall of Prayer for the New Year completed the reconstruction design of the Hall of Prayer for the New Year according to their own memories. In the 22nd year of Guangxu (1896), the reconstruction project was completed. After reconstruction, the Hall of Praying for the New Year has basically recovered its old appearance. Nevertheless, there are some differences in the appearance of the Hall of Prayer for the New Year before and after the reconstruction. The most obvious feature is that the rebuilt Hall of Prayer for the New Year looks "short and fat", and the glazed tile roof on the top floor has become smaller. Look at the old photos below:

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First of all, Felice Bito, an army reporter of the British and French allied forces, entered the Hall of Prayer in 1860 to shoot. At this time, the prayer hall had not been burned down.

The Hall of Prayer for the Year in the picture is not the same building as the Hall of Prayer for the Year in the Temple of Heaven that we see today. The Hall for Praying for the New Year in the picture was built in the 18th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1420). In the 24th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1545), it was rebuilt into three round halls, named "Daxiang Hall".

In the 16th year of Qing Qianlong (175 1), the tri-colored tiles were changed into a unified blue tile golden dome, and it was renamed as the Hall of Praying for the New Year.

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This is the newly-built Hall of Prayer for the New Year during Guangxu period. According to the records in the Draft of Qing History, the rebuilt Hall of Prayer for the New Year "still follows the traditional system", that is to say, it still retains the architectural style in the early years of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty.

However, because the Hall of Prayer for the New Year was built in the Ming Dynasty, no drawings were left. So when rebuilding, craftsmen can only follow memories. After the reconstruction, the hall for praying for the New Year has obviously changed a lot, and the roof has also become smaller.

The slopes of the roof and double eaves of the pyramid-shaped roof have been reduced, and now they are not as sharp as before, so they look more three-dimensional

The styles of Baoding are also very different.

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The ancient building complex of the Temple of Heaven in Beijing has been completely renovated since May 2, 20051,which is the third major overhaul since the reconstruction of the Hall of Prayer in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty. This is the Hall of Prayer for the New Year now. Now the Hall of Prayer for the New Year is a circular building with a diameter of 32.72 meters. Pyramid-shaped roof, golden roof, blue tiles, layered, with a total height of 38 meters.

Red wall and blue tile hall for praying for the New Year ......

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