The research results of groundwater exploration in northern Shaanxi energy and chemical base serve the economic and social development.

Shaanxi Provincial Department of Land and Resources

The energy and chemical industry base in northern Shaanxi is rich in 48 kinds of mineral resources such as coal, oil, natural gas and rock salt. 1998 approved by the state planning commission to build a national energy and chemical base, that is, to build a national power transmission base from west to east, a national large-scale coal chemical base and a national large-scale commercial coal base. Energy and chemical industry will become the biggest industry to promote Shaanxi's economic development. However, because it is located in the arid and semi-arid climate zone in the inland, the ecological environment is fragile, and the shortage of water resources has become a bottleneck that seriously restricts the construction and development of the base. "The project is determined by water, and the scale is determined by water" has been determined as the basic principle of planning and construction. The Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government clearly require that "the water resources of the energy and chemical industry base in northern Shaanxi must be ascertained". Starting from the national energy demand, the Ministry of Land and Resources and the Shaanxi Provincial Government jointly implemented the groundwater exploration of the energy and chemical industry base in northern Shaanxi, and carried out exploration research around the groundwater resources existing in the construction and development of the energy and chemical industry base in northern Shaanxi and the ecological environment problems encountered in the development. After five years' efforts, a number of innovative research results have been obtained, which have been applied in time and achieved good social and economic benefits. 20 1 1 the research achievement of groundwater exploration in northern Shaanxi energy and chemical industry base, which is based on the achievements of groundwater exploration projects, won the first prize of scientific and technological progress in Shaanxi province.

I. Project achievements

1. Proposed and carried out1:50,000 regional hydrogeological exploration and comprehensive water source exploration for the first time, systematically found out the occurrence conditions, total amount and development and utilization potential of groundwater in the region, and provided scientific basis and water resources support for the planning, construction and environmental protection of energy and chemical base in northern Shaanxi.

(1) It is the first time to realize1:50,000 regional hydrogeological exploration in northern Shaanxi Energy and Chemical Industry Base. The groundwater system in the base is divided into 5 water-bearing systems, 20 water flow systems and 46 water flow subsystems, which enriches the theory of groundwater system.

(2) The total exploitable amount of groundwater resources is 654.38+0.35 billion m3/ year, and the available potential is 865.438+0.9 billion m3/ year.

(3) Newly discovered water source 1 1, with an additional resource of 284 million m3/ year; There are 20 new proven water sources, and the new proven resources are 544 million m3/ year; 13 The existing water source has been verified, and the verified resource amount is 359 million m3/ year.

(4) The exploration-production combination well 1 1 1 was implemented, which provided conditions for the energy and chemical industry base.

2. A set of eco-hydrogeological research and evaluation methods is put forward, which quantitatively reveals the dependence between groundwater depth and vegetation ecology in this area, creatively establishes a coupling model between groundwater and vegetation ecology, and evaluates the vegetation ecological risk caused by groundwater exploitation, providing a scientific basis for rational development and utilization of groundwater and a new technical method for eco-hydrogeological research.

(1) Based on the principles of ecology, environmental science and hydrogeology, this paper reveals that arid zonal vegetation controls the evolution trend of vegetation ecological pattern in arid and semi-arid areas by combining ecological-hydrogeological investigation with remote sensing quantitative analysis. It is found that since 2000, the vegetation status has generally improved, with the improved area of 85. 12%, the basically unchanged area of 7.94% and the degraded area of 6.94%.

(2) Based on vegetation ecology, the threshold of groundwater depth is found and determined: the critical groundwater depth of aquatic plants is 0.2m, and the limit water level of soil salinization is1.2m; The suitable water depth of local dominant plants is1.2 ~ 3.8m; The depth of water table where mesophytes can survive but grow poorly is 3.8~8.0 meters; The groundwater level is buried more than 8.0 meters, and only xerophytes and irrigation can survive.

(3) The vegetation ecological effect of groundwater exploitation is divided into three sensitive areas and non-sensitive areas, and the countermeasures of groundwater exploitation in different sensitive areas are put forward.

(4) The coupling model of groundwater and vegetation ecology is established, and the vegetation ecological risk of groundwater exploitation is predicted and evaluated.

3. Put forward the height of "three zones" to ensure the safety of ecology, water resources and coal mining, carry out the zoning of the influence of coal mining on water resources, and put forward the countermeasures for the short-term and medium-and long-term development and utilization of water resources in coal mining areas, which provides a scientific basis for the overall consideration of water resources utilization, ecological environment protection and coal mine safety.

(1) Based on the theories and methods of geology, hydrogeology, engineering geology, mining science and other disciplines, the hydrogeological structure of coalfields is systematically analyzed, and the characteristics of groundwater system in mining areas are combined. Through field investigation, engineering geological analogy, empirical formula calculation and numerical method prediction, it is proposed that the caving zone height that can ensure the safety of ecology, water resources and coal mining in this area is 240 meters, and the safety height of "three zones" is 300 meters.

(2) The development, utilization and protection countermeasures of groundwater resources in coal mining areas are put forward. In the near future, water resources and ecological environment protection zones, restricted mining zones and encouraged mining zones will be divided, and "water-saving coal mining" will be implemented on the premise of protecting water resources. In the medium and long term, combined with the water supply situation of the base, the drainage will be fully used for vegetation ecological construction and water supply, divided into eight drainage areas, and "coal-water co-mining" will be implemented.

4. The water resources information system of Northern Shaanxi Energy and Chemical Industry Base is established, and a series of groundwater simulation and water resources optimization management models are constructed, which provide an effective tool for the scientific management of water resources in Northern Shaanxi Energy and Chemical Industry Base.

(1) The spatial database and information system of water resources in Northern Shaanxi Energy and Chemical Industry Base have been established, and the three-dimensional visualization exchange platform of hydrogeology spatial information has been realized.

(2) A series of groundwater simulation and water resources optimization management models are constructed, including: the nested model of numerical simulation of water flow in Tianqiao karst water system area and water source area on the west bank of the Yellow River, the coupled model of water flow between Salawusu Formation and Cretaceous aquifer system in the beach area, and the numerical simulation model of groundwater flow in 14 water source area; Optimal exploitation model of groundwater in Salawusu Formation based on ecological virtuous cycle: optimal allocation management model of groundwater-surface water-drainage resources in mining area.

5. According to the characteristics of water resources in this area, a number of in-situ scientific experiments and comparative studies have been carried out, and the development and utilization model of groundwater resources suitable for this area has been put forward.

(1) Aiming at the problem of river sediment and water resources utilization in northern Shaanxi, the artificial infiltration system design and in-situ test of river water with high sediment concentration were carried out, and the infiltration quantity and its variation law of different infiltration materials and infiltration systems were obtained, which provided demonstration and design parameters for the utilization of river water with high sediment concentration in the Loess Plateau.

(2) According to the development and utilization efficiency of water resources in the riverside water source area, the field test of optimal design of water-collecting structures was carried out, and the excitation and recharge capacity, construction technology and project cost of different water-collecting structures were explored, which significantly improved the effluent efficiency of the riverside water source area.

(3) On the basis of in-situ test and comparative study, the development and utilization mode of groundwater resources suitable for this area is put forward. Karst water is mined centrally by tube well mode; Groundwater of Quaternary Salawusu Formation and burnt rock are exploited by dam spring diversion and interception. Groundwater in the Quaternary valley area can be exploited through large wells, water collection corridors, artificial infiltration systems and tube wells. Groundwater in Huangtuliangmao area is suitable for sporadic exploitation of tube wells; Artificial infiltration system is used to extract groundwater in rivers and valleys with high sediment concentration which are seriously short of water.

6. Put forward the countermeasures for sustainable development and utilization of water resources and suggestions for optimal allocation, as well as the emergency water transfer scheme with groundwater as the water source on the eastern route of the energy and chemical base in northern Shaanxi, which has been adopted and implemented.

(1) It is suggested to take the lead in building karst water and alluvial water for overpass in the Yellow River basin, with recoverable resources of 1 10,000 m3/ day, so as to solve the urgent need of water use in Shen Yu Industrial Park.

(2) It is suggested to explore groundwater in the south of Yulin City.

(3) It is suggested to make full use of the drainage in mining areas to realize the joint dispatching of drainage, surface water and groundwater resources.

(4) The development, utilization and protection countermeasures of groundwater resources in coal mining areas are put forward. These suggestions have been adopted and put into practice by Yulin City.

Second, the implementation effect

(1) Innovation of technical methods and means. The evaluation expert group consists of academicians Xue Yuqun, Liu Changming and Li Peicheng. It is considered that "the theory and technical methods adopted in the project are advanced, the exploration and test data are rich, detailed and reliable, and a series of innovative achievements have been achieved, reaching the international advanced level as a whole, and the research on the ecological relationship between groundwater and vegetation is original and reaching the international leading level, providing a water resource base for the construction of energy and chemical base in northern Shaanxi, with great economic, social and ecological benefits". Zhang, Counselor of the State Council and Chief Engineer of the Ministry of Land and Resources, summed up and commented: "The cooperation mode of the provincial-ministerial cooperation project has created the highlight of the national geological survey project and provided very good cooperation experience for the cooperation between the central and local governments. The developed "artificial infiltration system for water intake along the river" won the patent for utility model.

(2) Exploration research ideas and technical methods provide a model for groundwater exploration in great basin; The operation mode and integrated exploration idea provide provincial cooperation and integrated exploration demonstration for the national "strategic action of geological prospecting breakthrough", which has been popularized and applied in this industry. First of all, this achievement has been popularized and applied in the compilation of norms, similar projects and university teaching. The research and evaluation methods of eco-hydrogeology have promoted the development of eco-hydrogeology in China. Its research ideas and technical methods have been applied in large-scale groundwater exploration projects such as Ningdong Energy Base, Longdong Energy Base and Qaidam Economic Cycle Experimental Zone, and become a model of similar research. Secondly, the mode of cooperation between provinces and ministries and the idea of integrated exploration have been highly praised by the Ministry of Land and Resources, and the experience was exchanged at the 2007 national geological survey work conference, which provided a demonstration of cooperation and integrated exploration between provinces and ministries for the national "strategic action of geological prospecting breakthrough"; Thirdly, the results of this exploration and research provide the latest and most authoritative scientific basis for the formulation of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan of Shaanxi Province, the water resources planning and mineral resources planning of Yulin City, and provide scientific basis for the investment projects to settle in the energy and chemical base of northern Shaanxi, as well as the water resources demonstration and environmental impact assessment.

(3) Promoting the progress of social science and technology. These achievements provide a scientific basis for the planning, construction and development of the energy and chemical industry base in northern Shaanxi, and will strongly promote the progress and development of social science and technology. Peking University, China Geo University (Beijing) and Chang 'an University have taken the comprehensive exploration of water resources and the research results of eco-hydrogeology as teaching examples.

Third, popularization and application and social and economic benefits

The innovative technical methods, provincial-ministerial cooperative operation mode and integrated exploration ideas put forward by this project have been widely popularized and applied in this industry. At the same time, the project has achieved fruitful results, which has been recognized and adopted by governments at all levels in Shaanxi Province, and has been applied in the planning and construction of energy and chemical base in northern Shaanxi.

(1) Rich application achievements serve the construction of energy and chemical base in northern Shaanxi. Since the implementation of the project "Groundwater Exploration in Northern Shaanxi Energy and Chemical Industry Base", the project research team has provided 48 research, exploration and consultation reports to local governments and provincial and municipal large and medium-sized enterprises, published 32 academic papers, and obtained utility model patents 1 item. These achievements provide a scientific basis for the planning, construction and development of the energy and chemical industry base in northern Shaanxi, and strongly promote the construction and development of the energy and chemical industry base.

(2) The achievements of the project have been recognized and adopted by governments at all levels in Shaanxi Province. In May, 2007, Hong Feng, former member of the Standing Committee of Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee and vice governor, listened to the report on the results of the project and had an in-depth exchange on the key issues of water resources and environment. He believes that the achievements of this project have changed some traditional understandings of water resources, ecological environment and mineral resources development in the past, and provided scientific basis for the construction of energy and chemical base in northern Shaanxi, which is of great significance to base planning and construction project establishment.

In March, 2008, the Yulin Municipal Government organized a special meeting, and convened the Yulin Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Water Affairs Bureau, Environmental Protection Bureau, Coal Bureau, District and County Water Conservancy Bureau and other government departments and the Municipal People's Congress to listen to the project results and promote the development and construction of Yulin Energy and Chemical Industry Base. At the review and acceptance meeting of the project results, Director Wang Registration of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Land and Resources and Deputy Mayor of Yulin City thought that the project results were inspiring and inspiring, which dispelled the doubts that plagued the government's decision-making, and strengthened the confidence and determination to build an energy and chemical base in northern Shaanxi. The application of the results will promote the scientific development of the energy and chemical base.

(3) It laid a foundation for revising and perfecting the development plan of energy and chemical industry base in northern Shaanxi. Yulin adopted the exploration research results and revised the water resources planning and mineral resources planning of Yulin again, which laid the foundation for revising and perfecting the development planning of energy and chemical base in northern Shaanxi.

(4) The east route water transfer and south route exploration schemes have been adopted and put into practice by local governments. The Yulin Municipal Government adopted this proposal and invested 1 100 million yuan to implement the East Route Water Diversion Project and groundwater exploitation in the south of Yulin City.

(5) Provide groundwater data base for environmental impact assessment of construction projects. On August 10, 2007, the general office of the provincial government sent the approval document of August 10. 187 1 to Shaanxi provincial environmental protection bureau, explaining the research results of groundwater exploration in northern Shaanxi energy and chemical base. The Environmental Protection Bureau of Shaanxi Province sent a special letter suggesting that the environmental impact assessment of the energy and chemical base and provincial management construction projects in the whole northern Shaanxi region should be based on this result, aiming at the distribution status of local groundwater resources. An effective and reasonable groundwater utilization scheme and groundwater protection requirements are put forward for each construction project, and it is suggested that the State Environmental Protection Administration should also take this as a basis to protect local groundwater resources from the perspective of environmental protection when approving state-managed construction projects in this area.

(6) It has been applied to the decision of large and medium-sized enterprises to settle in Yulin and the water supply source. The exploration research results provide basic information of hydrogeology and water resources for the feasibility study and water resources demonstration of investment projects in Yulin by China Shenhua Dow, Yanzhou Coal Industry Group and Yulin Huaao Yantian Management and Development Company. Among them, it provides water resources information and special research on water environmental pollution for China Shenhua-Dow Yulin coal chemical project (with an investment of about 70 billion yuan) to settle in Yulin; Provide hydrogeological data for water supply and environmental impact assessment of Yulin project of Yanzhou Coal Industry Group (with an investment of about 654.38+0.3 billion yuan), conduct hydrogeological investigation for Yulin Huaao Yantian Management and Development Company, and provide water resources development and utilization planning.

(7) Good application prospect. There are 20 newly discovered water sources in the project, and the total proven groundwater resources are 654.38+0.35 billion m3/ year, and the available potential is 865.438+0.9 billion m3/ year. Based on this, Yulin revised the water resources utilization plan, which will promote the scientific development of energy and chemical base under the principle of determining the project and scale by water.