How much has the Olympic Games contributed to the promotion of China's scientific and technological progress?

Build a green Beijing and welcome a green Olympics. "

Take the Olympic bid as an opportunity to call for wider public awareness and participation in environmental protection, publicize the new image of green Beijing, establish the concept of green Beijing, and welcome the arrival of green Olympics. Green Beijing, a non-governmental environmental protection organization, and the doctoral class of the Department of Environmental Science and Engineering of Tsinghua University jointly launched the activity of "Building a Green Beijing for a Green Olympics" and set up a special website on the website of "Green Beijing for a Green Olympics".

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On 2001July 13, Beijing won the right to host the 29th Summer Olympic Games in 2008 with 56 votes. Green Beijing published an article on the website "Successful Olympic bid, comrades still need to work hard-written on the night of successful Olympic bid", encouraging everyone with the Olympic spirit of "focusing on participation", pointing out that the Olympic spirit is also applicable to environmental protection and calling on volunteers to participate in the promotion of the 2008 green Olympics. Details->

On July 8th, 20001year, environmental volunteers of "Green Beijing" released a collection of suggestions on "Building a Green Beijing for a Green Olympics" through the Internet, and made suggestions for the Green Beijing and the Green Olympics. Details->

Tianheng Institute of Sustainable Development, Green Beijing and Global Village jointly launched a green power project to promote the application of renewable and environmentally friendly energy and reduce thermoelectric pollution. I hope that green energy can ignite our stadium and the 2008 Green Olympics. Details->

Volunteers and netizens of "Green Beijing" took action to green the barren hills in Beijing, and launched a tree planting activity of "Building a Green Beijing and Meeting a Green Olympics", with pictures and texts reported->

Tsinghua University Green Association, Green Beijing and Bamboo Book Culture held the activity of "Green Beijing Joining Chen Lin-Singing Green Olympics" in the multi-function hall of Tsinghua University. Chen Lin, a green messenger singer, took the lead in signing the banner of "Building a Green Beijing for a Green Olympics" made by Tsinghua University students and volunteers of Green Beijing. Details->

Green Beijing and the doctoral program of the Department of Environmental Science and Engineering of Tsinghua University jointly launched the activity of "Building a Green Beijing for a Green Olympics" and began to collect essays, photographs and art works from the whole society.

How does Beijing realize the Green Olympics?

When Beijing applied for the Olympic Games, it loudly put forward the slogan of "Green Olympics". Gan Jing, deputy director of Beijing Forestry Bureau, and Hu Yong, associate professor of Beijing Forestry University, believe that the connotation of a green Olympics can be summarized in three aspects: promoting urban and rural greening and beautification construction and the development of environmental protection industries in a large-scale and all-round way, and improving the quality of the ecological environment; Take environmental protection as the primary condition for the planning and construction of Olympic facilities, and widely adopt environmental protection technologies and means; Greatly enhance the environmental awareness of the whole society, improve the level of environmental governance, and build an eco-city. They pointed out that the basic goals of realizing a green Olympics should include the construction and protection of the ecological environment, the prevention and control of environmental pollution such as air, water and soil, the construction and activities of Olympic facilities and the protection of the ecological environment.

In their view, Beijing's Green Olympics has a specific meaning and background. In view of the problems that Beijing, a famous historical and cultural city, has encountered and will encounter in developing into a modern international metropolis. The purpose of Beijing Green Olympics can be summarized as: to provide a world-class eco-city with fresh air, clean water, beautiful environment, energy and resources conservation, good environmental moral awareness of citizens and good ecosystem services for the Olympic Games.

They stressed that a green Olympics must first have a green Beijing. Without good vegetation restoration and reconstruction, there is no green Beijing. Without green Beijing, there would be no health of Beijing's urban ecosystem and the function of ecosystem services, and naturally there would be no green Olympics. However, due to Beijing's natural conditions, building a green Beijing is several times more difficult and expensive than building any green southern city. Moreover, even so, it is impossible to have the forest landscape and ecological effect as the southern city of China.

How far is it from the Green Olympics?

The ecological environment safety in Beijing has always been a strategic issue that our government attaches great importance to. Fresh air, beautiful environment, good ecology and harmonious human settlements have always been the urban construction goals of Beijing Municipal Government. To this end, the people of Beijing have made unremitting efforts. Two experts quoted relevant data and said that by the end of 200 1, the forest coverage rate in the whole city will reach 43%, 60% in mountainous areas and 25% in plain areas. The urban green coverage rate is 38%, and the per capita green area is 39 square meters. The quality of urban ecological environment has improved significantly, laying a solid foundation for building a modern international city with first-class ecological environment.

However, two experts pointed out that compared with the goal of green Olympics and the need to build a modern eco-city, the gap is undeniable. The overall level of greening and beautification is not high, the quality of ecological environment has not been fundamentally improved, and the task of ecological environment construction is still very arduous. This is mainly manifested in five aspects: first, the layout of urban green space system is not reasonable, the scientific and technological content is not high, the plant materials are not rich enough, the colors are monotonous, the maintenance and management are extensive, and the overall landscape greening effect is poor; Second, the total amount of forest resources is insufficient, the regional ecosystem is fragile, and the aeolian land accounts for 14.4% of the total area of the city. There is a large area of pebble wasteland to be treated, some agricultural land is exposed in winter and spring, and some mountain areas have serious soil erosion; Third, the forest quality of the existing woodland is not high, the protection ability is weak, and the ecological barrier function is not strong; Fourth, the existing artificial young forest has a single tree species, monotonous structure, strong artificial traces and no biodiversity; Fifth, the ability to ensure forest resources is weak, especially the ability to protect forests and prevent and control the invasion of forest dangerous organisms.

How to develop by leaps and bounds in five years

There are only five years left until 2008. In the short term, according to the conventional construction mode, it is impossible to realize the green Olympics. Based on the actual situation of Beijing's ecological circle, two experts put forward a leap-forward development model of Beijing's ecological construction-there are three main ways to shorten the construction period: one is the application of high technology, the other is the rise of advantageous industries, and the third is the start of major projects that affect the overall situation.

They believe that although there is a big gap between Beijing and the big cities in developed countries in Europe and America that hosted the Olympic Games, as long as the Beijing section of major national ecological environment construction projects, such as the "Three North" shelterbelt project, the sand control project around Beijing, and the project of returning farmland to forests and grasslands, is the leader, and all kinds of high and new technologies are fully utilized to develop ecological environment advantage industries with urban forestry as the main body, the task of building a green Olympic Games will certainly be completed in a short time.

Afforestation, greening and beautification are the main body of ecological environment construction, the strategic basis for implementing the green Olympics and the important guarantee for running the Olympics well. The general idea they put forward is to speed up the pace and improve the level in accordance with the requirements of green Olympics, high-tech Olympics and people's Olympics, realize the leap-forward development of Beijing's ecological environment construction, and vigorously create a natural ecological environment with fresh air, beautiful environment and good ecology and a beautiful living and working environment.

The overall goal is to build a high-standard ecological environment system, an efficient green industry system and a high-level forest resource guarantee system in the capital; Build green ecological barriers in mountainous areas, plains and isolated urban areas, form a natural ecological landscape surrounded by green mountains, broad plains, and organically combine forests with trees, shrubs and grasses in urban areas, create harmony between man and nature, and realize the goal of a first-class ecological city.

By 2008, the city's forest coverage rate will reach more than 50%, the urban greening coverage rate will reach 40%, and the per capita green space will be 50 square meters.

Ten tasks of ecological environment construction

There is a long way to go to realize the green Olympics. Two experts said that in order to achieve this grand goal, Beijing will focus on completing 10 projects.

First, the green ecological barrier construction project in mountainous areas. Focus on natural forest protection, soil and water conservation forest construction, water conservation forest construction and scenic forest construction, and accelerate afforestation and greening. Strengthen tending management of young and middle-aged forests and improve forest quality. By 2005, the task of afforestation and greening in barren hills and wasteland suitable for afforestation will be basically completed. The landscape reconstruction project in mountainous areas will be implemented, and colorful trees and shrubs such as red leaves will be planted on both sides of the main traffic roads leading to mountainous areas and key scenic tourist areas, forming a beautiful landscape of Qian Shan with thousands of waters and forests.

The second is the construction project of green ecological barrier in suburban plain. Greening on both sides of rivers, highways and railways above the municipal level, in line with the principle of "suitable for the site and trees, magnificent and strong in color", highlights the ecological effect. Form a broad green passage from Beijing to other cities, form a radioactive green landscape in Beijing Plain, and fully realize the basic farmland forest network.

The third is the construction project of green ecological barrier in urban greening isolation area. Give priority to big trees, combine trees with flowers, build a large area of urban forest green space, realize ecological priority, landscape priority, industry priority, high quality and efficiency, build a green ecological barrier in the urban area, and form an ecological urban landscape surrounded by trees.

Fourth, the greening and beautification project in the downtown area. Accelerate the greening and beautification of urban road network and streets, complete the task of greening and transformation of main streets, and realize the goal of walking 500 meters to see a park or green space. 50 large-scale green spaces with big trees as the main parts will be built. Build a green community, a green campus and a green business circle, and realize the greening transformation of bare land.

Fifth, the greening projects of satellite cities and small towns. Make it reach the standard of garden town construction. More than 85% of the villages in the city should build ecological forests of a certain scale.

Sixth, afforestation projects to prevent and control desertification. Complete the control of key sandstorm hazard areas in an all-round way, introduce sand-proof and drought-resistant herbs, cover the existing bare sand wasteland, pebble beach and bunker land in the city's sand areas with grass, eliminate the dust source in Beijing, and solve the problem of local sand blowing and dust raising.

Seventh, ancient and famous trees protection management project. Make a general survey of existing ancient and famous trees, re-register them, use modern scientific and technological means to improve the level of conservation, revitalize trees through science and technology, improve living conditions, file one by one, implement online management and strengthen inspection and supervision.

Eight is the biodiversity project. Then delimit nature reserves and protected communities, expand the scope and types of protection, formulate protection standards and evaluation index system, improve management level, build wildlife rescue centers and breeding centers, and form the integration of protection, rescue and breeding. Comprehensively strengthen the protection of wetland resources.

Nine is an efficient green industry project. Promote the construction of green industrial system, highlight green economy, increase base construction, and develop fruit industry, fast-growing and high-yield forest, seedling industry, flower bee industry and forest leisure tourism.

Ten is a high-level ecological security system project. With the goal of specialization, standardization and modernization, we should take the initiative to prevent forest fires, insect pests and man-made occupation.

What does a green Olympics depend on?

In order to achieve the goal of green Olympics, there is still a lot of hard and meticulous work to be done. Two experts believe that six main countermeasures and measures should be taken.

Intensify publicity and education, and enhance the people's awareness of ecological environment. Vigorously publicize the concept of "Green Olympics", create a strong atmosphere of public opinion, and form a good social trend of consciously participating in planting trees, flowers and grasses, caring for green and protecting biodiversity in the whole society. Continue to carry out the nationwide voluntary tree planting campaign. We will extensively carry out various forms of greening and tree planting activities with their own characteristics, such as "Olympic Memorial Forest" and "courtyard greening Community Competition", and promote the recognition, construction, management and adoption of trees and green spaces and ancient and famous trees.

Greening forestry system should play a main role in the construction of capital eco-city. Strengthen the innovation of afforestation system, while continuing to improve the lease contract policy of barren hills, actively explore the new mechanism of developing non-public ownership afforestation. Fully implement the responsibility system for forest resources management and protection, and improve relevant policies.

Strengthen forest management according to law and improve the level of management and protection. Further improve the green forestry laws and regulations system, establish and improve the green forestry administrative law enforcement responsibility system, control public welfare forest logging, and prohibit natural forest logging.

Rely on the support of science and technology to speed up the modernization process. Using modern biotechnology, digital information technology, new material technology and modern equipment technology and means, major breakthroughs have been made in the protection, development and utilization of green forestry resources, monitoring and regulation of forest resources, biodiversity and cultivation of high-quality improved varieties, management of major forest disasters, industrial management and economic restructuring. Actively develop digital capital forestry, comprehensively promote intensive, accurate, scientific and informational forestry management, comprehensively promote the modernization of greening forestry in the capital, accelerate the establishment of greening forestry science and technology innovation system, and improve the contribution rate of greening forestry science and technology and the conversion rate of greening scientific and technological achievements.

According to the needs of ecological environment construction, quickly define the classification and zoning of forest resources, and implement classified and hierarchical management. Public welfare forests are mainly invested by the government, attracting social forces to jointly build, and commercial forests are mainly operators. The government gives appropriate support, actively establishes a compensation fund system for local forest ecological benefits, and mobilizes all forces to participate in ecological environment construction. (Zheng Tie)

People's Daily Overseas Edition June 5438+1October 20, 2003