Ornamental sites and migration routes of migratory birds in Inner Mongolia

Every spring, rivers, lakes, swamps and other places in Inner Mongolia become a paradise for birds, so where is the best place to see migratory birds every year? When is the best viewing time? Where does the migration route pass?

1, the best viewing place

In recent years, with the strengthening of protection and the improvement of ecological environment, more and more migratory birds fly to Inner Mongolia. It is observed that geese and ducks account for the majority of migratory birds returning to the north, including swans, wild ducks, geese, mandarin ducks, gray cranes, red-crowned cranes, egrets and ducks.

Hongyan: Hulunbeier. Hulunbeier is a good habitat for geese because of its diverse ecosystem and vast wetland area. Due to effective local protection measures, Hulunbeier was awarded the title of "Hometown of Hongyan in China" by china wildlife conservation association. According to monitoring statistics, the breeding population of geese in China is about 3000-4000, and Hulunbeier has become an important habitat, breeding ground and migration stop for geese in China.

Swan: Chifeng City. Chifeng is an important migratory bird station and gathering place in China. Among them, the distribution area of swan habitat has reached more than 50,000 square kilometers, including the Mongolian Plateau grassland area centered on Darinol Lake in the west, the wetland lake area centered on Horqin Sandy Land in the east, and the rivers, reservoirs and rice fields in the Xilamulun River and Laoha River basins. Every year, more than 654.38+10,000 swans come here to live for more than 120 days, and are awarded the title of "Swan Town in China" by china wildlife conservation association.

Verrucous swan: Wuliangsuhai, Bayannaoer City. Bayannaoer City is the largest breeding ground for wart-nosed swans in China. Every year from March to the end of May, the wart-nosed swan enters the breeding season, and likes to choose places with little human interference, quiet and hidden objects. Wuliangsuhai Wetland Waterfowl Nature Reserve provides a good habitat for migratory birds such as swan with wart nose. In recent years, every migration season, there are 500 or 600 rhinoceros swans in Wuliangsuhai, which was named "the hometown of rhinoceros swans in China" by china wildlife conservation association.

Ork: Ordos city. Ordos Orphan Nature Reserve is located in the west of Dongsheng District, with Haizi in Alashan Bay, Miaohai, Li Tao as the main body. There are many lakes and islands, wetlands, sandy land and grasslands in the nature reserve, forming a typical desert and semi-desert wetland ecosystem. The climate and geographical conditions are very suitable for orphans to live. There are more than 7,000 seagulls living in Ordos, accounting for more than 60% of the world's total. This is also the largest seagull population known in the world so far.

Great bustard: Zalaite Banner of Xing 'an League. Tumuji Nature Reserve in Xing 'an League has vast grasslands, large areas of lakes, marshes and meadows. It is the main habitat of many kinds of birds. At the same time, tumuji Nature Reserve is the only nature reserve in China that mainly protects great bustard, which is of great significance to global biodiversity.

Flamingo: Yakeshi City. Red-crowned cranes generally inhabit swamps with weeds such as reeds, and their dependence on the good ecological environment of wetlands is very obvious. Bahrain Yalu River National Wetland Park is located in the southeast slope of the middle section of Daxing 'anling and the upper reaches of Yalu River. Wetland Park consists of the main stream and tributaries of Yalu River and wetlands and woodlands on both sides, with a wetland rate of 93.75%. It is an important red-crowned crane reserve in China.

Gulls, cranes and geese: Juyanhai, Alxa League. In recent years, Juyanhai Wetland in Ejina Banner has been effectively protected and the wetland ecology has been gradually improved. Wide waters and abundant food also provide a good living environment for all kinds of wild birds and waterfowl. In particular, seagulls and geese and ducks are the two largest migratory birds, with more than 30 thousand.

Red duck, mallard duck and egret: Xilin Gol League. Xilin Gol's vast grassland, numerous lakes and rivers and large areas of primary and secondary forests provide a safe haven for a large number of waterfowl gathered here and become the best habitat for many migratory birds. There are more than 300 species of birds in Xilin Gol, among which red ducks, mallard ducks, egrets, swans, grey finches, gulls and geese are the majority.

Migration route

At present, there are three migratory bird routes passing through Inner Mongolia. The line from Poyang Lake to Chifeng via Beijing is divided into two lines. One migrates to the northeast of Hulunbeier, the other passes through Tongliao and Manzhouli, and finally breeds near Lake Baikal in Russia. Third, along the Yellow River, migratory birds stop in Baotou City, Bayannaoer City and other places, and continue northward to Mongolia.

Best viewing time

Hulunbeier City, Xing 'an League: from late April to early May

Chifeng and Tongliao: in the middle and late April.

Xilin Gol League and Wulanchabu: from late March to early April.

Bayannur City: In the middle and late March

Hohhot, Baotou and Erdos: in the middle and late April.

Alashan League and Wuhai City: from late February to early March.

The migration of migratory birds is closely related to climate change. Migratory birds are very sensitive to climate change. Once the climate changes, they begin to migrate. This can avoid the cold in winter in the north and the heat in summer in the south.

Climate change also directly affects the food conditions of birds. For example, after autumn, most plants in northern China have fallen leaves and withered, and insect activities have decreased. They went underground one after another, stung or laid eggs, and died, and their numbers dropped sharply. The lack of food makes it impossible for birds that feed on insects to sustain life. Only by migrating to the food-rich south can we survive the winter well, and insect-eating birds and small insect-eating birds also migrate to the south.

Weather, wind direction, wind force, etc. It has a great influence on the migration of birds. Sunny days with winds of 3,333,545 are more suitable. Data show that the average temperature in Inner Mongolia (1981-2010) in spring is 6.6, and the average precipitation is 31mm. There are more sunny days and less rain, and the northwest wind is 4 or 5. Climate conditions are more suitable for migratory birds, so Inner Mongolia has also become the most important transit point and habitat for migratory birds in China.