What equipment are there around the computer?

Computer peripherals are the external devices of the computer, that is, the input devices and output devices of the computer.

An input device is a device that inputs data and information to a computer. It is a bridge between computer and users or other equipment. Input device is one of the main devices for information exchange between users and computer systems. Keyboard, mouse, camera, scanner and light pen are all input devices.

Computer, commonly known as computer, is an electronic computer for high-speed calculation, which can be used for numerical calculation and logical calculation, and also has the function of storage and memory. It is a modern intelligent electronic device that can run according to the program and automatically process massive data at high speed. It consists of hardware system and software system, and a computer without any software is called bare metal.

It can be divided into five categories: supercomputer, industrial control computer, network computer, personal computer and embedded computer. More advanced computers include biological computers, photonic computers, quantum computers, neural network computers and so on. Protein computer, etc.

At present, the operation speed of computer system has reached trillions of times per second, and the microcomputer can reach hundreds of millions of times per second, which has solved a lot of complicated scientific calculation problems. For example, the calculation of satellite orbit, dam, 24-hour weather forecast and so on. In the past, manual calculation took years and decades, but now it takes only a few days or even minutes to complete with a computer.

The development of science and technology, especially the development of cutting-edge science and technology, requires highly accurate calculation. The reason why the missile controlled by computer can accurately hit the intended target is inseparable from the accurate calculation of the computer. The average computer can have a dozen or even dozens of significant bits (binary), and the calculation accuracy can range from a few thousandths to a few millionths, which is beyond the reach of any calculation tool.

With the increase of computer storage capacity, more and more information can be stored and memorized. Computers can not only calculate, but also save data, programs, intermediate results and final results for users to call at any time; You can also perform arithmetic and logical operations on various information (such as video, language, text, graphics, images, music, etc.). ) through coding technology, even reasoning and proof.

The internal operation of the computer is automatically controlled according to people's pre-programmed programs. Users design running steps and programs in advance according to the needs of solving problems, and the computer runs in strict accordance with the steps specified in the programs. The whole process is carried out automatically, without manual intervention, and the expected effect of users is achieved.

Supercomputer usually refers to a computer composed of hundreds of thousands or more processors, which can calculate large-scale complex problems that ordinary PCs and servers can't complete. Supercomputer is a computer with the strongest function, the fastest operation speed and the largest storage capacity, and it is an important symbol of the national scientific and technological development level and comprehensive national strength.

Supercomputers have the strongest parallel computing ability and are mainly used for scientific computing. In meteorology, military, energy, aerospace, prospecting and other fields to undertake large-scale, high-speed computing tasks.

Structurally, although both supercomputers and servers may be multiprocessor systems, there is no substantial difference between them. However, modern supercomputers use cluster systems and pay more attention to the performance of floating-point operations. It can be seen that they are high-performance servers that focus on scientific computing and are very expensive.

The general super calculator consumes a lot of electricity, and the electricity bill is thousands in one second. The CPU of the super calculator is at least 50 cores, which means that it is about 10 times that of the home computer, and the processing speed is also quite fast. But this kind of CPU is not available, and the price is tens of millions.