Application opportunity of aperture and shutter in landscape photography

Lead: When shooting scenery, the aperture used by the camera is not like taking a portrait. It is not necessary to shoot beautiful works with a large aperture, and the use of shutters also needs to be decided according to different themes. Of course, in the face of different shooting environments, these seemingly real camera settings are not iron laws. Those who know how to make changes from them can really shoot good scenery!

The aperture of landscape photography and the performance of aperture when using shutter

The main function of the aperture is to adjust the amount of light entering. When the aperture is opened, only the in-focus area will be clearly displayed, and the image outside the in-focus area will be blurred. If you narrow the aperture, the original blur will be clearer. The smaller the aperture blade is, the larger the clear range before and after the focus becomes, which is called depth of field. Close-range works mostly use shallow depth of field, and landscapes mostly use long depth of field.

Difference of depth of field under different apertures

▲ 1. Aperture F2 has the shallowest depth of field, and the front and rear scenes are blurred. 2. The depth of field of the aperture F4 is a little longer, and the scenery before and after is still blurred. 3. The longer the depth of field of the aperture F8, the clearer the scenery before and after. 4. The aperture F 16 has the longest depth of field, the scene behind the focus position is the clearest, and the outline of the foreground can be seen clearly.

▲ Narrow the aperture and shoot at a wide angle to show the forest full of space in the sun.

▲ Open the aperture with a long lens, blur the background as much as possible, and highlight the softness of the theme.

Determine the key point of depth of field

At the same focal length, the larger the aperture, the shallower the depth of field.

With the same aperture, the closer to the focus, the shallower the depth of field.

The longer the focal length of the lens (such as the cannon of flying feather photography), the shallower the depth of field.

The larger the output frame, the shallower the depth of field (such as a full-frame camera).

Performance of shutter speed

The main function of shutter speed is to determine the exposure time, and changing shutter speed is the most commonly used method when shooting waterfalls. The high-speed shutter can instantly freeze the jumping feeling of the waterfall, and the slow shutter can create the flowing feeling of the waterfall.

▲ 1/250 seconds

▲1/60s

▲115 seconds

▲ 1/4 seconds

▲ 1 sec

▲4 seconds

How to avoid camera shake

1. Hand-held shooting should conform to the principle of safe shutter (ISO)； can be improved);

Shutter is mainly used to set the length of exposure time, even if there is slight jitter in short-time exposure, it is not enough to leave a clear record on the image; Therefore, when the shutter time is set below the safe shutter value, it is difficult to detect signs of jitter.

What is a safety shutter?

"Safe shutter" refers to the lowest shutter speed that can ensure clear and sharp imaging, which is especially important for hand-held shooting. Its algorithm is quite simple, as long as the focal length of the lens used is converted into reciprocal. For example, when using a 50mm focal length lens, its safety shutter is 1/50 seconds; When using 100mm focal length lens, its safety shutter is1100 seconds, and so on.

2. Fix the camera with a tripod or other means:

When using a tripod, you should use cable release to operate the shutter as much as possible. Even if you use a tripod, if the shutter speed is slow, pressing the shutter directly with your finger will shake the camera and make the picture not clear enough. In addition, in order to minimize camera jitter (especially when using telephoto lens or tripod), please use the mirror pre-lock function to avoid mirror jumping and vibration when shooting.

3. The use of hand-shake lens and wide-angle lens:

The lens with hand-shock-proof function can prolong the safe shutter speed in hand-held shooting, but if the subject is moving or moving, it is still necessary to increase the shutter speed or shoot by focusing. The wide-angle lens has a deep depth of field, so it is usually not necessary to narrow the aperture too small when shooting distant scenes during the day, so the shutter speed can be maintained within the safe shutter speed in most cases.

The skill of using light

For me, using light is the most important skill in photography; When taking pictures, "you must pay attention to the changes of light and angle to feel more moving images" has always been my motto. In the process of taking pictures, we should always pay attention to the changes of light intensity, color, quality and irradiation direction, because the direction of light not only affects the shape and density of shadows, but also affects the color and contrast of the whole picture.

Types of lamps

▲ The sunlight lacks three-dimensional sense, but the color is very bright.

▲ The ceiling lamp is full of enthusiasm.

▲ Diffused light is purer and has fewer shadows.

▲ The backlight is full of life, and the light and shadow are charming.

▲ Side light has a layered and three-dimensional sense.