Basic skills of camera shooting

The basic skills of photography, for photographers, usually walking around with a camera can only accumulate some practical experience. In fact, this is often not enough, and you will encounter your own bottleneck. We still have to master the basic skills of photography and fundamentally improve our ability.

Basic shooting skills 1 First, hold the camera steady.

It is best to hold the camera with both hands, which is definitely more stable than one hand, or use something that can be supported by you or prepare a camera tripod. In any case, it is to minimize the shaking of the picture. It is the most taboo way and the most easy mistake to make while walking. This shooting method is only used under special circumstances. It must be remembered that the stability of the picture is the first requirement of dynamic photography.

Home camera (palm treasure)

1. Hold the portable camera with your right hand and gently touch your elbow.

2. Hold the fuselage from below with your left hand and hold the camera firmly.

3, feet apart and shoulder width, stable body standing.

4. Pay attention to both the subject and the camera when shooting.

5. Holding the LCD screen with your left hand can also stabilize the camera.

Holding posture of large and medium-sized cameras

Large and medium-sized cameras are small in size. As long as you pay attention to lens adjustment, you can have a variety of operating postures. You can shoot at high and low angles like a minicomputer or stand on your shoulders like a mainframe Deng.

Second, the basic essentials of camera shooting

1, the general situation is "stability first"

2. Wide-angle lens is relatively unfavorable for jitter, so pay attention to telephoto.

3. Relax, lower your center of gravity and pay attention to breathing.

4. Try to use the twisting and moving of the upper body instead of the whole body movement.

5. When walking, bend your knees and move in small steps.

6. Make full use of the support of location shooting.

Third, the camera settings.

1, the aperture controls the amount of light entering, and the aperture coefficient is expressed by F.

The function of aperture

1, adjust the amount of light, the aperture becomes larger, and the amount of light is increased; The aperture becomes smaller and the amount of light entering decreases.

2, adjust the depth of field effect, the aperture is inversely proportional to the depth of field, and the aperture is large and the depth of field is small; Small aperture and large depth of field.

depth of field

Simply put, the depth of field is the range of good focus. It can decide whether to blur the background to highlight the subject or shoot a clear background.

Quick door

Shutter: Shutter is a device on camera to control the effective exposure time of photosensitive element. It is used in conjunction with the aperture to control the exposure of the photosensitive elements inside the camera.

When shooting with a hand-held camera, it is easy to blur the picture because of the vibration of the hand. In order to ensure the clarity of the picture, the shutter speed above1100s should be selected. When shooting a moving object, you should generally choose a faster shutter speed, otherwise it will be difficult to capture the instantaneous state of the moving object. Which shutter speed to choose depends on the speed of the moving object and the shooting distance.

Most SLR cameras have specially designed a shutter speed file that does not limit the exposure time, commonly known as B-door. When shooting, you can choose door B as needed, and you can shoot at any exposure time over 30S.

align

In order to get a clear picture, you need to focus when shooting. There are two ways: manual focusing and autofocus. Except some digital cameras only have autofocus mode, most digital cameras have two autofocus modes.

1, manual focusing

Manual focusing means that the photographer must adjust the focusing adjustment device on the digital camera by hand in order to achieve the purpose of accurate focusing. This focusing method is usually realized by the focus adjustment knob of the camera or the focus ring on the camera lens, which can obtain very accurate focus and is widely used by professional photographers.

2, autofocus

This focusing method is convenient and quick, and there is no need to focus manually when shooting. The autofocus system of digital camera will automatically adjust the focal length of the lens according to the distance of the subject, so as to achieve the purpose of accurate focusing.

Fourth, choose the shooting mode.

1, fully automatic exposure

All parameters are automatically adjusted by the camera, and the operation is simple, which can meet the basic requirements of photographer's moderate exposure. It is equivalent to the P gear or automatic gear of the camera.

2, programmed automatic exposure (P file)

Programmatic automatic exposure mode refers to the automatic adjustment of aperture and shutter speed through the electronic circuit of digital camera. Photographers don't have to consider how to choose the aperture and shutter speed when shooting. The electronic circuit in the digital camera will automatically adjust a set of preset aperture and shutter combinations according to the set sensitivity information to realize accurate exposure. Need to adjust the sensitivity (ISO), flash

3, aperture priority automatic exposure

Aperture priority automatic exposure mode is most used in photography. When using this exposure mode, the photographer adjusts the aperture value in advance, and the electronic circuit in the digital camera will automatically adjust the shutter speed according to the set sensitivity to achieve accurate exposure. Its shutter speed is stepless, so the exposure accuracy is very high. In addition, the depth of field of the picture can also be well controlled.

4. Shutter priority automatic exposure

When using this exposure mode, the photographer should adjust the shutter speed to be used on the digital camera in advance, and the electronic circuit of the digital camera will automatically adjust the aperture coefficient according to the brightness of the subject to achieve accurate exposure. Shutter priority automatic exposure can control the dynamic performance of moving objects well.

Five, set the storage format

When shooting with a digital camera, we should not only know the parameters of the camera, but also know the storage format of the digital camera. At present, the storage formats of mainstream digital cameras are JPEG, TIFF and RAW(NEF). RAW is a common storage format in high-end digital photography. If the pictures taken are used for printing and publishing, JPEG is not enough. Only using lossless compressed TIFF and RAW formats, the effect will be ideal.

(1) The file extension of JPEG image format is JPEG.

It is the most common image file format in networks and computers at present. The storage speed is faster, the software compatibility is higher, and the storage space is less. It is a lossy compression format, that is, some data of the original picture are lost in the compression process, and these data cannot be recovered. It is also the preferred format we recommend for daily work shooting.

(2) TIFF image format is a real lossless compression format.

Its advantages are good image quality and good software compatibility, and it is generally not limited by processing software. However, the shortcomings of TIFF format are also very obvious. It has an unusually large amount of data and needs more time to store it. At present, this format is not widely used in digital cameras, but it is widely used in computer storage.

(3) RAW is a data file with an extension of RAW.

It is the original data recorded by CCD or CMOS photosensitive element during imaging, which will not be compressed and will not damage the picture quality.

Because the original picture data of the photosensitive element is stored, the picture parameters such as exposure, white balance of gradient curve, sharpness, color temperature value and sharpness can be adjusted later, which provides a broader creative space for post-processing of photos.

Basic photography 2 1, head-up shooting

The camera and the subject are on the same horizontal line, and this angle is most suitable for people's visual habits and the viewpoint of observing the scene. The perspective relationship, structural form and scene size contrast of its pictures are roughly the same as those seen by our eyes, which makes people feel a sense of identity and intimacy psychologically.

This angle is most suitable for expressing the emotional communication and inner activities between characters. The most commonly used angle for general family photography is the head-up angle.

2. Looking up angle

The camera lens is below the horizon, shooting from bottom to top. Very suitable for representing tall and vertical scenes, making full use of the depth of the picture to represent the height of the scene. Looking-up photography has changed people's visual habits, and also changed the visual perspective relationship of human eyes to observe things, giving people a sense of freshness, especially increasing the intensity of the scene, and the lines of the scene itself converge upwards, which has obvious exaggeration effect.

Step 3 shoot from above

Contrary to looking up, the camera lens shoots down from a height above the apparent horizon. This angle is very conducive to the expression of space, scale and hierarchy, which can make the distant scenery and the nearby scenery fully displayed on the same plane with clear hierarchy.

It is beneficial to express the perspective of space and the beauty of nature, the air cushion of scenery, the environment, place, scale and quantity, the relationship between things and the sense of orientation between things.

Step 4 shoot from the perspective of the object

The reflection of perspective should conform to the habit of normal people to see things. Sometimes, it may be necessary to show the perspective of the subject. In this case, no matter whether the shooting height is high or low, you should shoot from the eye height of the subject.