Audio-visual language lens analysis

Audio-visual language shot analysis article 1 (1) fades in and out;

Also known as fade-out. Fading out means that the picture gradually fades from clear to all black, which is equivalent to the "ending" on the stage; Fading in is the beginning of a scene in which the film gradually emerges from all black. Its function is to separate time and space and express dramatic paragraphs, which is equivalent to "opening the curtain".

(2) Transfer-out and Transfer-in:

That is to say, while the previous shot fades out, the latter shot overlaps again until the previous shot disappears. This method is often used to introduce the subtitles at the beginning of the film, or to express the memories, imagination and time omission of the people in the play. For example, the transition from snow scene to peach blossom season in winter and spring is most suitable for the slow or soft rhythm of spitting.

(3) Draw and delimit:

It moves from one side or part of the lens picture to the other side or part in a straight line or circumferential line. The second picture will follow this straight line or circular line until the two shots alternate. This method is like looking through a picture album, which is often used in science and education films, and can also display subtitles or people, scenery and other things in feature films. In addition, the technique of "drawing" also includes the form of going out of the curtain when the curtain is rolled up or put down, and the form of going out of the circle to show the picture by narrowing or expanding the circle.

(4) Cut and cut:

It changes from the picture of the previous scene to the picture of the latter scene immediately, without any skill in the middle, adopts direct shot conversion, and has compact connection, which is often used for the connection of environmental description, character dialogue and action. It has the characteristics of neatness and rapid progress in artistic appearance and neatness and rapid progress in artistic expression.

(5) Reversal and reversal:

It is a picture that is converted into another picture after a round-trip conversion of 180 degrees. This kind of inverted picture is especially suitable for the lens that shows the contrast content. In the film structure, it can also be used to connect two different "dramas". Reflection is to turn an up-and-down 180 degree reflection into a positive moving picture. This method can change the time and place of the plot.

Cinema scene

The focal plane here mainly refers to the way the lens moves, different shooting angles and different contents.

There are various focal planes, and different lenses are used according to the content of the film and the needs of expressing the character. The time from the start of filming to the stop of filming of a film camera is called a lens. From the second shooting to the stop, it is the second shooting. Generally speaking, there are the following kinds of focal planes:

(a) pull the lens:

Its function is to let the audience understand the relationship between man and environment, part and whole from point to surface on the basis of seeing a key point clearly. Pulling the lens makes people feel broad and stretched. For example, in the first shot of the feature film Bitter Flower, a close-up of a blooming bitter flower first appeared, and then a small hand reached into the picture to pick it, but the audience couldn't see the figure and didn't know it was the right hand. This is when the camera is turned on, and the audience is delighted to see Man Zi digging up bitter flowers. This shooting method is called pulling the lens.

(2) lens:

As the name implies, the camera always follows the performance object in an action, so as to continuously and meticulously show his activities or his ongoing actions and feelings.

(3) shake the lens:

This means that the camera is placed in a fixed position, looking around, panning, or panning with the movement of the subject. Often used to introduce the environment or highlight the significance and purpose of people's actions.

(4) Push the lens:

Refers to the position of the subject, just move the camera and push it into a close-up or close-up shot. The same lens content, slowly approaching, gives people a calm, stretched and subtle feeling. Rapid advancement will produce nervous, hasty and flustered effects. Pushing and patting can guide the audience to feel the inner activities of the role more deeply and strengthen the atmosphere.

(5) Subjective shot:

The lens of the film is regarded as the eyes of the characters in the play to observe and express objective things, which can simulate feelings and render the atmosphere. Subjective shots are often used to express the mental state of characters under special circumstances, and also reflect their hallucinations and imagination, which often appear in movies. At the same time, it also played a prominent role in depicting characters' personalities. For example, at the beginning of the feature film Little Flower, there is a scene where a little flower looks for her brother's memory. It first used continuous shooting to draw out the floret of that year, and then returned to reality with the voice of calling my brother, which handled the nature smoothly and produced a strong artistic effect.

(6) Empty lens:

This kind of lens, with a specific visual image (that is, a picture), shows a certain time and place, with no characters and no language, and only shows natural scenery and atmosphere scenes with certain implications. Such as mountains, water, sea, pine, flowers, white clouds, moon, birds and so on. It is an important means to make the film poetic, thus creating a profound artistic conception.

(7) Pitch lens:

Pitch lens can be divided into overhead lens and overhead lens. In addition to a bird's eye view of the panorama, the camera overhead can also show a feeling of gloom and depression, which generally plays a derogatory role. The lens of looking up at the scenery plays an emotional role.

(8) Lifting lens:

Lifting lens is generally used to shoot large scenes, which can change the lens perspective and picture space and contribute to the rendering of drama atmosphere and effect. For example, in the feature film "Tianshan Red Flower", when Aoyiguli got off the jeep and walked into the crowd to welcome her, it was taken by a photographer from a helicopter. This way of shooting renders the atmosphere and shows a vast space.

(9) Integrated lens:

Comprehensive lens means that the lens moves in various ways. Sometimes, in order to make the film show a certain plot more fully and prominently, the lens of pushing, pulling, up, down, shaking and moving is often used together in a focal plane. It creates different lens angles for the picture, such as front, side, back, down and so on, which can not only show the whole picture of the environment, but also show the close-up of a specific character and the relationship between the characters, making the film more expressive. Therefore, the focal plane can be used alone, or combined and interlaced. This kind of lens is also called a long lens.

(10) zoom lens:

It means that the position of the camera remains unchanged, and the focal length of the zoom lens installed in the camera changes, so that the subject accelerates or zooms in or out at a constant speed without changing the distance from the camera, resulting in a certain rhythm.

Audio-visual language lens analysis Chapter II I. Up lens

Refers to the camera rising slowly from Ping She, forming a overlooking lens, showing a vast space. Can partially show the whole. For example, at the end of the movie "Song of Youth", students frighten the military and police with water taps, and Rivers and Lin Daojing run into the picture and call on their classmates to move forward. At this time, a rising lens changed from a panoramic view to a broad prospect, and the revolutionary torrent of the student team rolled forward and was unstoppable. It is both continuous and full of vitality, which strengthens the dramatic effect. It vividly tells the audience that the student movement led by the party will surely defeat the Kuomintang reactionaries and win the final victory. After Gao Qiu was in Duan Wangfu's crew, the former hooligans pestered them with the idea of "getting rich and forgetting each other", and Gao Qiu asked them to come again. The next day, in Cui Xian Building, Gao Qiu sent a sergeant to beat the old servant to pieces. This "promotion" not only describes the environment, but also depicts Gao Qiu's sinister and sinister.

The rising shot is sometimes ironic.

Second, put down the camera.

Refers to the camera shooting down, causing the opposite effect, sometimes used to introduce the environment. For example, in the movie Guerrilla in the Plain, Li Xiangyang and others were described as going down the tunnel, that is, using the descending lens. Lifting photography is mostly used to shoot big scenes. It can change the space of lens and picture, and help to strengthen the dramatic effect and render the atmosphere.

In the second episode of the TV series "Water Margin", "Punching the Town of Kansai", Lu Da and Shi are drinking in the shop, listening to a woman crying next door, upset and difficult to drink. Rutiha was determined to vent his anger on his father and daughter. The camera lowered the foreground to shoot a table of food and wine, highlighting Rutiha who wanted to eradicate the wicked in the middle scene.

Third, the overhead lens is generally called a bird's eye lens.

In addition to a bird's eye view of the whole picture, you can also show gloomy and depressed emotions in emotional colors. Sometimes it plays a demeaning role. For example, in the movie "Guerrilla in the Plain", it is derogatory to film the traitor landlord's house.

In the TV series "The Water Margin" episode 1 "The Rise of Gao Qiu", the foreground is the capital of Tokyo, bustling ports and towers, sedan chairs enter the bustling streets, and Tokyo's prosperity and prosperity are just like "The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival".

Fourth, tilt the lens.

It is usually called panorama. In terms of emotional color, there are often feelings of stretching, openness, loftiness and admiration. For example, in the movie Nanchang Uprising, the bronze statue of Sun Yat-sen was photographed. In the TV series "The Rise of the Statue", there is a scene in which Wang Jin beat Gao Qiu's accomplices out of the water, and Wang Jinchong rushed over and caught Gao Qiu. This portrait highlights Wang Jin's heroic spirit of fearlessness, eliminating evil and strengthening the body.

Looking down at the camera, the praise is vivid and emotional. When using it, it must conform to the scene specified in the play. Under certain circumstances, the emotional color will also be reversed, that is, the tilted lens shows loftiness, while the tilted lens shows derogatory meaning, and so on. This is a special use of overhead lens and oblique lens.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) underwater lens

Underwater lens refers to the camera, which shoots underwater to show the colorful underwater world. Such as Jaws, Titanic and Hunting Word U-57 1), there are a lot of underwater shots.