Basic knowledge about photography?

1, aperture Aperture is a component that controls the aperture size in a lens. The smaller the f value, the larger the aperture and the smaller the depth of field (strong background blur). The larger the F value, the smaller the aperture and the greater the depth of field (weak background blur).

TIP 1: when using a very small aperture, you can shoot the star-awn effect (generally around F 16).

TIP2: When using a small aperture, shoot against a white wall or white paper to check whether the lens is gray.

TIP3: When using a very large aperture, you can blur the foreground sundries, such as barbed wire and fences in front.

TIP4: When using a large aperture, add a card with a hole in front of the lens to shoot a spot with a specific shape.

2. focal length. Super wide-angle focal length below 24mm, suitable for shooting large scenes, buildings, landscapes and news photography. Humanistic eye -—35mm is simply the best focal length for shooting humanities, with a standard lens of -50 mm and a portrait lens of -85 mm.

Macro lens-100 mm This section focuses on the popular macro lens, telephoto lens -200/300 mm to shoot distant scenery such as birds, lotus flowers and sports, super telephoto lens -300 mm or more, paparazzi sneak shots, wild animals and sports themes.

TIP 1: The smaller the value, the smaller the focal length and the larger the field of view.

Tip 2: The range of 24/28 mm-70/85/120 mm is a common lens for daily use, with a wide range of applications!

TIP3: The focal length of the lens is 70-200mm, which is 2.86 times (200/70) zoom lens.

Tip 4: Equivalent focal length (actual focal length)

Quan Huafu (multiple 1), APS-C (Nikon, Sony, Pentax, Fuji multiple 1.5, Canon multiple 1.6), M4/3 (multiple 2), 1 inch (multiple 2.7), and lens marked values.

Faster than 1/250 seconds is a high-speed shutter, and faster than 1/2000 seconds is an ultra-high-speed shutter. B door is to hold down the shutter and open it as soon as you press it. Door t is to press the shutter and the shutter opens. If you press the shutter again, the shutter will close the focus mode, MF- manual focus, AF- auto focus.

AF-C- continuous autofocus, AF-A- autofocus. Usually we can use autofocus. When shooting macro, colorless scenes and high-speed sports, we use manual focusing MF focusing, single focusing-divided into center focusing and free focusing. The center focus is fixed at the center.

Single-point focusing is generally considered as free-point focusing and extended focusing-only in continuous focusing AF-C, the point you choose is the main focus, and the surrounding focus begins to warm up. When the target leaves your main focus, the surrounding focus will follow. Regional focus-is the focus of a small piece together.

Which point is aligned first is whose. Please note that not all big movies are in focus. The combination of AF-S+ single point free point focusing is recommended for general scenes; AF-C+ extended focus photometry when shooting sports.

3, commonly used

Spot metering evaluation metering (also known as matrix metering and multiple metering)

4, not commonly used

Partial photometry central key average photometry

TIP 1: As long as the camera is on, metering is always going on.

Tip 2: The purpose of metering is to help you measure the brightness of the metering area, but it has nothing to do with exposure.

Tip 3: When using TIP3:AUTO gear, the photo of the metering meeting will be shot in the middle tone of 0EV (18 gray) in A file (Av file, aperture priority), S file (TV file, shutter priority) and P file (program exposure). If evaluating photometry (matrix photometry and multiple photometry), then exposure compensation is to reflect the brightness of the whole picture.

The principle of correct exposure:

A. make sure the subject is the brightness we want.

Make sure there are no dead white or black areas, especially dead white.

C. When it is determined to adjust later, some color temperatures in the current picture can be appropriately "abandoned".

Color temperature, in K (Kelvin), imagine a non-luminous black object-an absolute black body. When we heat it, as the temperature rises, the absolute black body will first emit red light, then get brighter and brighter, then turn into yellow light, then into white light, and finally into blue light.

The redder the color, the lower the color temperature, the bluer the color and the higher the color temperature.

Red is a warm color, but the color temperature is low; Blue is a cool color, but its color temperature is high. white balance

White balance is to restore all white objects at different ambient color temperatures to true white.

The camera has four color temperature settings: automatic white balance, K, scene mode and custom white balance. Automatic white balance.

Extended data:

Skills:

First, the preparation before photography

First of all, you need to know the content of the meeting in advance, and conduct on-the-spot investigation on the size, lighting, location of the guests and the location of your own shooting, so as to draft and determine the content to be filmed. Prepare the necessary camera equipment and fully charge the DV battery the day before the meeting.

2. Introduce the content through the lens

The content of shooting a meeting includes six elements: time, place, people, the beginning, process and end of the meeting, which we need to pay special attention to when shooting. Before the meeting, you can take some background information, such as the layout outside the meeting.

When shooting the time, place and participants of the meeting, you need to pay attention to:

Time. Generally, cameras have time recording function. Turn on this function when shooting. If you feel that just having time to show can't explain the problem, you can add explanations in post-production.

Location, you can shoot banners and other publicity slogans outside the venue first, which can play a role in expressing the content of the meeting.

Participants will arrive early on the day of the meeting and take photos of the sign-in of important guests. Important guests sometimes rest in the VIP room before the meeting, and then take pictures of the host and guest shaking hands and talking.

Three. Photographic work before starting

Before the meeting, the general layout of the venue (including the panoramic view of the podium and the panoramic view of the venue) was photographed, and then the host announced the beginning of the meeting and all the participants applauded. When shooting, the picture should change slowly to highlight the serious atmosphere of the venue.

Four. Ongoing photography work

It is very important to shoot after the meeting starts. People attending the meeting should be the key targets. For important speakers, close-up shots should be taken all over or half-length, and the camera should be aimed at important speakers as much as possible, which requires special attention. We have to film other speakers,

This is not only to respect the participants, but also to make the meeting complete. There is also the need to film the audience listening to the lecture, because only the speaker's picture will make the video of the meeting look empty.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) photography is at the end.

At the end of the meeting, you should aim the camera at the rostrum first, and then turn the camera to the standing and applauding audience. At this time, you should have a certain grasp of the panorama. Finally, shoot the pictures of the participants at the exit, and end the shooting of this meeting with the picture conversion of "gradually entering the dark".

In some meetings, the main leaders meet the guests after the meeting. At this time, they should arrive at the venue immediately after filming the last speaker and make preparations for filming in advance. Pay attention to taking pictures of guests when shooting. The theme of the meeting is clear, the relationship between primary and secondary meetings is clear, and a perfect shooting record is completed.

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