What kind of criminal law was ancient torture?

Like other death sentences, some prisoners will March in the street before being sent to the execution ground. When you arrive at the execution ground, you will tie the prisoner to the execution ground, usually tied to a post. Like other ancient capital punishment torture, most of the executions in those days were allowed to be watched, and sometimes people could even stand close to the victims. Some people prefer to watch others get killed.

Some prisoners, whether male or female, will be stripped naked and exposed to the public, including their sexual organs. Only a small number of prisoners can keep some clothes to cover important parts. One of the purposes of this practice is to humiliate prisoners.

During execution, torturers often catch prisoners with fishing nets, and then use a knife to cut off the prisoners' meat piece by piece along the outline of the fishing nets. The number of knives fined is not a fixed number, which varies from person to person and from dynasty to dynasty. There were only eight to 120 knives in the Song Dynasty. Before cutting, the prisoner's limbs will be broken to prevent him from resisting, and then his throat will be cut to prevent him from screaming in pain.

In the Ming dynasty, it often exceeded 1000 knives and even reached 3000 knives. Wang Mingde said, "If you are in the middle of the year, your methods will be endless, and then you will cut off your potential. If she is a woman, she will be secluded, revealing her internal organs, so that she will die, and the branches will be untied and the bones will be broken. " "Chess" is worthy of the name at this point.

Zhicheng Deng's "Gu Xu Dong Ji" Volume II "Inch" has a cloud: "Secular words, the punishment of burning an inch in the Ming Dynasty was 4,200 yuan for Liu Jin and 3,600 yuan for Zheng Zhi. Li Ciming also said in his diary. " However, according to records, Liu Jin was actually cut more than 3,000 knives. The planned 3357 knives were cut in three days. On the first day, I cut 357 knives and cut 10 knives to rest. Liu Jin was cut after waking up, but Liu Jin died the next day.

The executioner may be punished if he cuts too many knives or too few knives, or dies at an inappropriate time. In theory, when the last knife is about to be cut in a year, the prisoner has just died; But there are also legends that family members can sometimes buy off the executioner, stab the heart with one knife, and end the prisoner's life ahead of schedule to reduce the pain.

There are also certain restrictions on the order of cutting: if it is a female prisoner, start with the nipple, then cut the breast, then cut the chest muscle, and then cut the genitals; If it is a male prisoner, after cutting the chest muscle, he will continue to cut his genitals; Then thighs, arms, abdominal muscles, buttocks. Finally, cut your ears, nose, eyes and lips.

When cutting, the assistant is responsible for reporting the number of knives and arranging the cut meat on the table for inspection; But some of them were thrown to the ground and even sold to onlookers. Liu Jin, the eunuch of Ming Wuzong, sold a penny to the onlookers. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, the residual limbs would be put into baskets for public display. At some point in the future, Lingchi will cut off the head with a sharp knife and file the body with a giant axe.

Later, some prisoners will eat opium first to keep them awake and prolong their suffering. There was a method of "eight knives punishment" in the late Qing Dynasty, and the punishment of Fu mentioned below belongs to this method.

All the actions in this method start from the left part and then cut the corresponding part on the right. First cut the chest, then cut the biceps brachii, then cut the thigh, then cut the arm to the elbow, then cut the calf, and finally beheaded. The head will be hung up and displayed in a basket with the stump.

Extended data:

Modern record

19 10 years later, the news of China's prisoners became famous in Europe, because the photos taken by French soldiers in 1904 and 1905 were edited into a book in the form of postcards and became popular. 1905 in April, China announced the abolition of the year number.

In France, In the Year of the Dead is regarded as the ultimate representative of "torture in China", which inspired countless writers and artists, even until the publication of George Battier's photo album in 1960, and was later redrawn by Chen Jieren. These images symbolize China, its history and civilization, and similar styles continue to influence westerners today.

/kloc-at the end of 0/9, the French minister Dr. Matignon witnessed China's death in China. He wrote: "According to the custom, the muscles of the breast and chest are removed first, then the muscles of the outer arm and forearm, and then the muscles of the rest of the body are removed in turn. Bloody muscles are piled up in a wicker basket, which is specially used for this punishment. A few hours later, when the prisoner died, he had broken his joint. "

At the beginning of the 20th century, Henry Norman and German criminologist Robert Gandel (1926) witnessed and described the scene of China's execution that year.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Lingchi