Can the sunflower Qiqihar in Wuyuan, Inner Mongolia be planted?

Qiqihar, Wuyuan sunflower in Inner Mongolia, can be planted. Sunflower is native to tropical areas, but it has strong adaptability to temperature, so it is a crop that likes temperature and cold. Its seeds have strong low temperature tolerance and stable local temperature. When the temperature is higher than 2℃, the seeds begin to germinate. Seeds can germinate and take root at 4 ~ 5℃; When the local temperature reaches 8 ~ 10℃, it can meet the needs of seed germination and emergence. The optimum temperature for germination is 3 1 ~ 37℃, and the highest temperature is 38 ~ 44℃. As long as the temperature of sunflower is not lower than 10℃, the whole growth process can grow normally. In a suitable temperature range, the higher the temperature, the faster the development.

moisture

Sunflower is a tall plant with many dense leaves, and it is a crop that consumes more water. Its water absorption is 1.74 times that of corn. But its growth and development are mostly related to the local rain.

sunflower

Thermal synchronization, the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is not prominent. There are great differences in water requirements of sunflower in different growth stages. From sowing to budding, it is relatively drought-resistant and requires less water, which is only 1.9% of the total water demand. However, proper drought is beneficial to root growth and drought resistance. The peak of water demand is from bud stage to flowering stage, which accounts for about 43% of the total water demand. The lack of water in this period has a great influence on the output. This stage coincides with more rainfall, which can basically meet the water demand of sunflower growth and development. If it is too dry, it needs to be supplemented by irrigation. The water demand from flowering to maturity is also more, accounting for about 38% of the total water demand. If the water is insufficient, it will not only affect the output, but also reduce the oil content.

illuminate

Sunflowers are short-day crops. But it is not very sensitive to sunlight. For example, under the sunshine condition in Tianjin, it can blossom and mature normally without special treatment. Sunflowers like plenty of sunshine, and their seedlings, leaves and discs have strong phototropism. Adequate sunshine and strong seedlings can prevent futile growth; Adequate sunshine in the middle growth stage can promote the vigorous growth of stems and leaves, normal flowering and pollination, and improve the seed setting rate; In the late growth stage, the sun is full and the seeds are full.

land

Sunflowers have low requirements on soil, and can grow on all kinds of soil, from fertile soil to arid land, barren land and saline-alkali land. There is a strong saline-alkali tolerance, this is because sunflower habits have the following habits:

(1) salt tolerance

Sunflower has strong salt tolerance, and when the soil salt content is 0.4%, the whole seedling can be produced. In bud stage, when the salt content of 0 ~ 5 cm and 5 ~ 1~5cm soil layer is 0.42% and 0.445% respectively, sunflower can still grow normally. Sunflower not only has strong saline-alkali tolerance, but also has salt absorption performance. According to laboratory tests, sunflower stems contain about 0.5% sodium chloride, which is one of the crops for biological alkali control in saline-alkali land.

(2) Drought tolerance

Sunflowers have strong drought resistance. According to the test, after nearly 40 days of drought before and after flowering, the sunflower still grows normally when the soil moisture content is 8.8%, 15. 12% and 19.6% respectively.

Reasons for drought tolerance:

(1) Roots penetrate deep into soil and can absorb and utilize water in deep soil;

② The stem is full of spongy pith, which can store more water;

③ Dense bristles on stems and waxy layers on leaves can reduce water transpiration.

(3) Waterlogging resistance

According to the verification, more than 90% of the plants have not died after growing for 40 days in the flooded state (50 cm water on the ground), and there are still gains. This is because the roots and stems of sunflower are well developed in ventilated tissues, and the ability to proliferate new roots after meeting water is quite strong. The increment of new roots in 5 days is equivalent to 2 1% of total roots.