What is Charles Stevic Dodgson really?

Lewis carroll, the author of Alice in Wonderland, was originally named Charles Lutwidge Dodgson. He is a mathematician and has been a math teacher at Oxford University for a long time. He has shown a strong talent for mathematics since he was a child. He has published at least twenty mathematical monographs. As a mathematician, Dodgson's original work reached its peak in the basic demonstration of determinant (1867), which is famous all over the world. He also improved the Virginia encryption method, known as lewis carroll's Virginia encryption method.

The person to talk about today is a very valuable and talented person, Dodgson, a "handsome mathematician".

Charles Lutwidge Dodgson.

Who is he?

Dodgson's pseudonym is lewis carroll, the author of the fairy tale Alice in Wonderland.

As for why everyone knows Carol, the writer, but not Dodgson, the mathematician, it's up to Supermodel Jun himself to say.

Dodgson manuscript

1832, Dodgson was born in a wealthy family in England, ranking the third, with two sisters and eight brothers and sisters.

My father is a respected priest with a double degree in mathematics and theology, while my mother is a gentle and virtuous woman, and Dodgson loves her very much.

Dodgson didn't go to school as a child. Educated by his parents at home, he showed great talent from an early age, especially in mathematics and logic.

At the age of seven, Dodgson had finished reading john bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress and Hannah Moore's The Shepherd of Salisbury Grassland.

/kloc-at the age of 0/2, Dodgson entered an ordinary primary school. In this private grammar school, Dodgson was absorbed in her studies, and her grades were always among the best.

Besides stuttering a little, Dodgson, who has good grades and is handsome and rich, has become the object of frequent discussion among school students. She is a little star.

Even the headmaster was impressed by his talent and praised him in front of his parents:

Although Dodgson stuttered, he was eloquent and gifted in literature. His Latin prose is exquisitely conceived and flowery in language. He is an extraordinary genius.

So, 1846, Dodgson, who had only been in primary school for two years, was sent directly to the public rugby middle school for further study.

This time, however, Dodgson, who was far away from her parents and came to a strange environment, was already shy. Because of his stuttering, he was laughed at by his classmates and called a "fool". As a result, Dodgson became more reticent.

Perhaps due to neglect of parents' care, Dodgson's physical condition is getting worse and worse. He lost his right ear after a high fever.

/kloc-at the age of 0/7, Dodgson suffered from severe asthma and severe lung trauma. Later, he had to drop out of school and go home to recuperate.

Fortunately, his studies have not been affected. His math teacher once praised him as "the smartest student I have ever seen since teaching".

185 1 year, Dodgson easily passed the entrance examination of Oxford University, followed his father's advice and chose mathematics and theology.

However, he was not keen on the study of religious theory, but was addicted to the charm of mathematics. He ranked first in the department of mathematics all the year round, won the first-class scholarship of the school many times, and successfully obtained a degree in mathematics when he graduated.

As for the degree in theology, Dodgson didn't get it in the end, after all, it wasn't his interest.

1856, less than one year after graduation, Dodgson became the deputy director of the library of Christian College in Oxford, and also served as a lecturer in mathematics. Two years later, he obtained a master's degree in mathematics.

Since he became a lecturer in mathematics, Dodgson has decided that mathematics is his lifelong career.

As a mathematician, Dodgson wrote more than a dozen mathematical works in his life, covering geometry, linear algebra, mathematical logic and other aspects, which provided new ideas for linear algebra and probability theory.

One of his works on symbolic logic still aroused great interest in the academic circles in the late 20th century, and another of his works, Basic Discussion on Determinants, which represented his mathematical peak, provided many key ideas for later generations to prove the theorem of alternating symbolic matrices.

In addition, he was the first person to prove Kroneck Capelli's theorem.

Kronecker-Capelli Theorem: By comparing the rank of coefficient matrix and augmented matrix, it can be judged whether there is a unique solution to the system of linear equations with n elements.

Surprisingly, though Dodgson has made some contributions to the research of mathematics and has been engaged in mathematics teaching for many years, he has never taught a student who has made achievements in the field of mathematics. . .

As a math teacher, Dodgson is always bored. Therefore, when he became famous by publishing Alice in Wonderland under the pseudonym of lewis carroll, the students who learned the truth were almost in an uproar. Who would have thought that the person who wrote such an interesting fairy tale was a math teacher who had no fun on the podium at ordinary times?

When Dodgson first published the Alice series, it was purely accidental. Although Dodgson liked literature very much since he was a child, he also wrote many poems and novels. At that time, he insisted that literature was just a hobby of his own, and he didn't feel how powerful he was.

Even when his friends saw his works and suggested that he publish them, he replied, "I don't think I have anything really worth publishing."

However, this hobby in Dodgson's eyes finally made "mathematician Dodgson" completely buried, and "writer Carol" completely attracted the attention of the world.

The whole thing originated from another hobby of Dodgson-photography.

For a while, after Dodgson mastered the new photography method, he couldn't help taking pictures of people around him. In this way, his photography skills gradually became one of the best at that time, and Dodgson also took photos for many celebrities, such as painter Hutt, scientist Faraday, poet Tennyson and Prince Leopold.

Of course, there is also the publicity of Alice, the protagonist of Alice series.

1856, a new dean, Riddle, came to Oxford Christian College. Riddle often comes to school with his three daughters, so Dodgson knows Alice.

At first, Dodgson will help the three sisters learn math. Later, the three sisters gradually became Dodgson's exclusive models and took photos of different styles.

But the photography technology at that time needed to keep the same posture in front of the camera for 40 seconds. In order to calm the children down, Dodgson began to tell them stories.

About: Little Edith, 2 years old, Edna, 7 years old, Alice, 4 years old.

"Once upon a time, there was a little girl whose name was Alice. One day, she saw a rabbit with a pocket watch and ran after it. . . "

Looking at the intoxicated eyes of the children, Dodgson had to continue to make up stories and continue to speak. Cheshire cat, the caterpillar, the mad hat, the queen of hearts and The White Knights were also born.

Finally, at Alice's pleading, Dodgson went home and recorded the story completely, adding illustrations. Yes, this story is Alice in Wonderland, which we are familiar with now.

Dodgson gave this special gift to Alice that Christmas.

Later, by chance, a friend of Dodgson read the manuscript of Alice and appreciated it very much, encouraging Dodgson to publish it.

Finally, in 1865, Alice series 1 was officially published, which spread rapidly in Britain and even the whole world. Dodgson's pen name Carol became an instant hit. With the publication of Alice's Companion and Alice's Adventures in the Mirror, Carol successfully occupied a very important position in the history of literature, and was called "the father of modern fairy tales" together with Andersen and hans christian andersen.

However, mathematician Dodgson also "implanted" a lot of mathematical knowledge into Alice, such as:

In the fifth chapter, Alice imitates Augustus de Morgan's geometry in her dialogue with the caterpillar. He believes that all solutions are valid as long as they conform to the internal logic, that is, allowing negative numbers to have square roots. Even Augustus de Morgan thought it was ridiculous.

In Chapter Six, Pepper Kitchen and Pig Children, Carol parodies the continuity principle of innuendo geometry introduced from France in the middle of19th century. This principle is now an important part of topology, so when Alice took the Duchess's child out, he became a pig.

The hatter and the March Rabbit in the book admire Hamilton's mathematics. Hamilton believes that addition and subtraction should be understood as steps in pure time. Carol sat the hatter, rabbit and lazy mouse around the table, which embodied Hamilton's quaternion. Time is the fourth person not to attend the crazy tea party.

The so-called popularity is not much. Alice series has brought Dodgson fame and endless troubles. It is said that he had more than 98,000 letters in his life, most of which were received after he became popular.

People began to get to the bottom of what happened between him and Alice In different times, they all have different "conjectures":

In the era when psychoanalysis prevailed, people analyzed Dodgson's writing secrets and philosophy.

In the era when psychedelic drugs were prevalent, people regarded Alice's psychedelic trip as Carol taking "hallucinogens";

Today, people associate Dodgson with pedophilia because he has never been married.

I just forgot that Dodgson had been a math teacher since he stepped into the lecture hall of Oxford Christian College, and didn't quit his job until he became seriously ill in his later years.

Rather than saying that he wrote Alice's fairy tales because of "pedophilia", it is better to say that he described the sexiness of liberal arts with scientific aesthetic feeling, and let photos and fairy tales spread around the world.

Perhaps, as his photos suggest, his feelings for the little girl are probably just "stop at art", so he can write fairy tales full of childlike interest and love without worldly filth.

Dodgson was full of childlike innocence all his life. He likes to communicate with children, because only by communicating with children can he not stutter. He will teach children to learn math, play origami and play chess, and do magic tricks to make them happy!

Besides, Dodgson likes to invent all kinds of strange things, such as portable chess, which is widely used now, and its creator is Dodgson.

Dodgson also invented a writing board that can write in the dark. There are sixteen squares on it. Through these squares, you can write on the paper with the same password. In this way, once you are inspired while sleeping, you don't have to get up and light a lamp.

After reading the story of Dodgson, I think there are too few such people, which is too charming. After all, there are not many mathematicians like Dodgson who are rich, handsome, temperament, can take pictures, invent, write fairy tales, write poems and draw pictures.

-End-

Chinese trailer for Alice in Wonderland

Brand-new Chinese trailer for Alice in Wonderland 2, pink singing.

Description: The article comes from the Internet. It is said that the official account of the original source WeChat is modeling super mathematics, and the video comes from Tencent video. The purpose of forwarding is to spread more mathematical knowledge and information. If the original source or author is not allowed to reprint and push, please delete or modify the message after the article! Thank you for reading.

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