Why is there such a big gap between deaf people and healthy people?

Deafness is defined as hearing impairment caused by congenital inheritance or acquired human factors, also known as hearing impairment, or hearing impairment for short. According to the recent national census statistics, there are about 20.75 million people with hearing impairment in China, including hearing impairment, hearing difficulty and presbycusis. A hard of hearing person refers to a person who has residual hearing compared with the deaf. Physiologically speaking, people with hearing below 90 decibels are hard of hearing, and some are defined from other angles, which can be roughly divided into three definitions. Two definitions were mentioned earlier, and the third definition is from the perspective of growth environment. People who go to ordinary schools are hard of hearing, which is the most extensive and common way for people to distinguish groups. Sign Language and Deaf Culture Author: Mei (retired teacher of Beijing No.3 School for the Deaf, 1994) has a story. A stone monkey in Huaguoshan went down to find a companion. He ran to the side of jackal, but jackal didn't say hello to him. He ran to Tiger Leopard, but Tiger Leopard didn't answer. He went to deal with roe again. When the roe saw him, it ran away like an arrow. He just walked up to a pair of cranes. The crane saw him flapping his wings and flying away. The stone monkey thinks it's strange. He ran to the stream to drink water and saw himself in the Shui Ying. It turns out that he is different from jackal, butch and deer crane. He finally found a group of monkeys and everyone welcomed him in. He was ecstatic ... "Birds of a feather flock together, birds of a feather flock together", which is the truth of the story. Deaf people are sign language. What is special about them is that they can't hear or speak, and the forms (ways) and habits of conversation are different from those of ordinary people, naturally forming a sign language group. Just like people with different accents form their own communities. It is very convenient for healthy people to communicate and talk freely with healthy people, and so is the deaf. However, deaf people can't hear, and when they are alone, they often have an unspeakable sense of suffocation. This is an uncomfortable feeling. They can't hear anything in the silent world. So deaf people like to live in groups with deaf people. You can chat with sign language for fun, exchange ideas and feelings freely, and get some information from it, so as not to feel isolated. Even primary school students in deaf-mute schools don't want to go home immediately after school. It's not that they don't love home, just because there is no one to chat (play) with them when they get home, so they would rather stay at school for a while before leaving. No wonder they know the sign language of deaf people without a teacher, and soon they become members of the sign language family! Why do some developed countries attach importance to the work of deaf clubs? This is mainly to meet the needs of deaf cultural life. Through the club, the deaf can participate in various cultural and sports activities after work, learn cultural and scientific knowledge, exchange information, rest and talk ... The deaf club is the home of the deaf. In 1950s and 1960s, clubs for the deaf were established in many cities, but they were cancelled for various reasons. In short, although deaf people can't hear, they live in a sign language family. They are also eager to learn, get information, have a rich cultural life and are eager for social communication. Their thoughts, feelings, worldly desires and psychological activities are the same as those of healthy people. Just because the language is different, the outside world doesn't understand the deaf, and some novels, movies and other media propaganda are inaccurate. The deaf are often portrayed as ignorant, simple, reckless and even barbaric imbeciles, thus causing some people to misunderstand and alienate the deaf. In fact, deaf people, like healthy people, are mostly good people, and the dregs of bad people are only a few. Some institutions and enterprises are reluctant to hire deaf people even if they have college degrees, because they think it is "inconvenient to communicate". However, some units, after a period of communication and getting along with the deaf, feel that although the deaf can't hear or speak, they can communicate through words; Through work, deaf people will feel handy, practical and willing to work, so it is not uncommon to change from "barely using" to "competent" and then to "you'd better continue working and not leave" American sign language is a unique cultural feature of deaf people, and deaf schools in the United States also offer deaf culture classes. I don't know what these cultural classes are like. In fact, smiling and waving when meeting is a cultural expression of deaf people. Deaf pantomime, dance, magic and deaf education ... all belong to the category of deaf cultural education as long as they are accompanied by sign language. Deaf people can't enjoy plays, movies and TV well because they can't hear. There are English and Chinese subtitles in foreign countries, Hong Kong and Taiwan, but Chinese subtitles are rarely used in Chinese mainland. This is tantamount to depriving deaf people of their viewing rights and making them miss the opportunity to learn language knowledge and obtain information. What a pity! It is very common for deaf people to write and perform pantomime, dance, funny sketches, magic and other self-entertainment phenomena, which are found in major cities Most pantomimes for the deaf are based on Peking Opera, historical stories or characters in real life, such as Sanchakou, Song Wu Da Hu, Noisy Heaven, Ma Daha and so on. Dummies for the deaf are beautiful and easy to understand. It is not only loved by deaf people, but also by healthy people, from which we can appreciate its beauty of rhythm, temperament and style. At the same time, it also shows that deaf people have high understanding and artistic talent for expressing delicate feelings. In addition, deaf people like sports, painting, photography, stamp collecting and traveling ... This is not only the need of life, but also the aspiration of culture and education. Deaf people can't hear, but they have keen vision and rich imagination. Then, trying to reflect the beauty of life and nature can prove that deaf people have keen vision and are good at thinking in images. In a word, deaf people lose their hearing and live in a silent world. They have to live by sight and sign language for the time being. Just like a healthy person can't live without language for a moment. The culture of deaf people is sign language culture. Therefore, deaf students should be exposed to sign language from an early age to facilitate communication. On the other hand, deaf people can't communicate with healthy people through auditory language or sign language, but only through visual language-written plan. Therefore, for deaf pupils, they must be taught to read, read and learn to express themselves in words. This is also what deaf education should go all out to do. Although the deaf belong to a difficult group, through education and training, they can become useful materials to repay the society, so they can become a "created" group. At present, most deaf-mute people have a low level of education, limited skills to make a living, and difficulties in re-employment after being laid off, which hinders their return to society. This phenomenon is not the ignorance of deaf people. The fundamental reason is that our deaf-mute education ignores that deaf-mutes belong to sign language family and overemphasizes oral teaching. Although teachers have worked hard for many years, students' cultural knowledge is too shallow, and they still use sign language after graduation, which is not enough for social communication with healthy people and unconditional learning of more advanced scientific and technological knowledge, leading to a cultural crisis for the deaf. If we treat deaf-mute children who are not suitable for oral teaching differently and emphasize the teaching of sign language and writing according to their own conditions from an early age, I believe that this will greatly improve the cultural knowledge of most sign language members, and the situation will be different. In short, improving and developing deaf culture is a major event related to the vital interests of deaf people. Deaf-mute education should understand and adapt to the needs of deaf people's physiological characteristics, let nature take its course, attach importance to sign language teaching and pay attention to the education of knowledge and ability. Only in this way can compatriots in sign language achieve equal participation, repay the country and society, and become self-reliant. Edit this paragraph of the deaf group classification 20/70/ 10 Author: Chen Weiliang 20/70/ 10 digital model estimates that many people have seen it in Welch's book. In Welch's management philosophy, 20/70/ 10 is the division of employees, but this data is also applicable to the division of deaf people. Although there are not many data or references to explain this part of data, the distribution ratio of 20/70/ 10 is basically the international mainstream distribution ratio, which is reasonable in the general direction. Looking at China, deaf people in China will account for a large proportion. However, the deaf culture formed within this huge group has its own historical characteristics. But if further subdivided, there are still some differences. We can only be roughly divided into three groups. 20% deaf people in China are excellent groups, and they all have an obvious feature that they have formed a correct outlook on life, world outlook and values. Moreover, they are self-motivated and curious, and they can face their physical defects with a healthy attitude. In the spiritual embodiment, it shows the spirit of self-improvement. Sometimes they can do things that normal people can't, but they can. So these groups have a strong desire to conquer before facing setbacks, so they are gradually realizing their dreams. 70% deaf people in China are the mainstream group, and they all live with the drift mentality. Perhaps some of these groups have received higher education, but they gradually return to mediocrity because of their unhealthy mentality. However, this moderate group occupies a large proportion in the whole deaf group. Maybe because they worked hard, they couldn't squeeze into the 20% group, and then they gradually degenerated. But not to the point of giving up. At least they struggled for their dreams, but the cruel facts deprived them of the right to struggle. 10% group is an abandoned group among deaf people in China, and the situation of this group is getting worse and worse due to subjective and objective reasons such as ignorance. This kind of group is frequently exposed in newspapers and periodicals. Stealing, robbing and cheating are all evils, and the increase of negative media reports on such groups directly or indirectly discredits the whole deaf group. As a result, most excellent deaf people have many obstacles on the road to employment. Editor's Note on Strengthening Oral Training: Chen Weiliang's achievements in oral training are the result of his hard work in early Shanghai School for the Deaf. Due to lack of funds, Hong Kong donated money to a charity led by Bao Ruimei, which made a practical breakthrough in this pioneering work of mankind and created a precedent for special education in China. Therefore, the appearance of the first group of speakers set a milestone in oral English teaching. Finally, major schools for the deaf are close behind. In view of the current national conditions in China, it is obviously unrealistic for the national society to adapt to this group, which is also the reason why such groups should adapt themselves to society. Oral training is the only way to help deaf children go to society. In the process of improving oral English training, deaf children's tolerance to adversity is improved. So this is why deaf people who can talk are better than deaf people who can't talk. Of course, this can't completely deny the ability of deaf people who can't speak. Being able to speak doesn't mean anything, but at least it brings convenience to both sides in communication. At least when the deaf say "mom", I believe as a mother, what kind of mood it is to face the change that her children never speak but can speak. Learning to speak is hard, but it can further help them forge a normal personality. Physical disability is not terrible, but mental disability is terrible. Oral training can be said to be a great innovation in the history of education in schools for the deaf in China, which has helped more deaf children to have a certain competitiveness and endurance in the face of pressure when they adapt to society. Editor's Note: The employment difficulty of deaf people in Chen Weiliang is a chronic disease, which is related to the demonization of media reports. In addition, China people have a strong preconceived idea, and it is wrong to think that deaf people generally have the bad habit of petty theft. According to incomplete statistics, the reason why HR departments of most companies refuse to recruit deaf people is not because of communication problems, but because of doubts about the quality of deaf people. Therefore, discrimination has always existed, which may be related to the inherent thinking mode of China people. Therefore, when they do something, people usually worry, "Can he do it?" "Is he sure to do it well?" Direct or indirect distrust therefore obliterates the career growth space of 20% excellent deaf groups. There are two kinds of discrimination, one is direct discrimination, which gradually decreases with the progress of the nation and the promotion of human civilization, but the possibility of this situation is still not ruled out. Another kind of discrimination is soft discrimination, which is a very common social behavior, so it does not give the deaf a fair and just competitive environment. Further weakening their competitiveness. As an enterprise, we should reflect that we hire disabled employees not because our reasonable tax avoidance tools reduce the tax pressure of enterprises, but because they are regarded as extremely cheap labor. Physical defect does not mean losing the ability to work. Please give them a level playing field. Only in this way can their potential be brought into full play.