Help me find something about GIS

Discussion and analysis on the development of GIS industry in China (transferred from/zhumin126126 @126/blog/static/2245636120081kloc-0/20726556)

Scholars say that the GIS market in China is huge and the GIS industry is developing rapidly, but I think the GIS in China is hesitating. Then, readers will definitely ask why?

Before the text, let's explain what hesitation is. Wandering means wandering around, not knowing where to go; Hesitant; There is no direction.

Well, now that I know what's going on, readers should have understood the status of GIS in China. Then start the body part:

First of all, we have almost no cutting-edge independent technology (many so-called independent research and development GIS manufacturers, I will be angry when I say this, so I am sorry, but the good medicine tastes bitter! )。 The domestic development market is mainly divided into two forces: 1, commercial secondary development; 2. Commercial development of open source GIS.

ESRI, GeoMedia and MapX are mostly used in the former, and SuperMap (a rare independent research and development company in China) also occupies a certain share. The development of China Land (MapGIS) and GeoBean (there are too few materials for ground network development, but their functions are ok) are all concentrated on government-outsourced projects and school scientific research.

The latter is an open source nugget team that has mushroomed. When it is found that foreign open source GIS is free, it will be used for commercial development and become a new force for the rapid development of domestic GIS teams. Indeed, I am a member of the latter team, but I have a faint worry in my heart. Whether we use other people's API or OGC development standard, we are chasing foreigners' ass.

Secondly, in the case of domestic GIS development, there are no suppliers and developers who can really provide GIS services, and there is no industrial cycle, which is only an internal behavior of enterprises and cannot form external circular economic benefits. The main reason is that there are too few commercial projects, and there is a certain "relationship factor" in the bidding process of government projects, that is, the bidding department keeps a GIS development enterprise specializing in bidding development, which can earn a certain "profit" for the bidding department regardless of economy or not. Generally speaking, GIS is still in the development mode of public institutions, and the real GIS market order has not been established. There are a large number of so-called enterprises in the market that are not weaned, their competitiveness is seriously insufficient, and their spirit of development and innovation is seriously lacking!

Thirdly, the degree of popularization of GIS in China is not high, and there is still some controversy about whether GIS is the direction of developing the public or mainly contracting GIS projects. So far, there is no real GIS batch business operation mode in China, which needs further exploration. Once the development of GIS industry is popularized, there will be an industrial bubble, such as the interactive relationship between GIS and GDP development that we saw at the beginning of the year. We urgently need a relatively complete business model to operate the GIS industry, instead of contracting projects like a "small workshop". Such a project cannot exist forever.

Fourth, the government's policy on GIS industry is not clear, and the central government's position on GIS is supportive. However, due to the sensitivity of GIS projects, many projects cannot be implemented. In the local area, the contradiction of small interests of various government agencies is acute, and the implementation of projects is affected by many non-technical factors, which directly leads to many projects "abortion" or "empty shells". Thereby affecting the trend of GIS in China.

Fifth, GIS education is too much but not sophisticated, lacking practical education, and students are under great employment pressure after graduation. The capacity of GIS market can't digest these graduates, which leads to brain drain. A large number of graduates continue to be unemployed after taking the postgraduate entrance examination, and graduates turn to fashion one after another, and even there is an embarrassing situation that no one in the school GIS major does GIS. This has led to an increase in the gap of GIS talents in China and a decline in the innovation ability of GIS practitioners. Of course, this problem is caused by exam-oriented education, and other majors are also common!

Sixthly, and most crucially, we are gradually losing our innovative ability, lacking effective venture capital as the support for the development of GIS industry. Compared with GIS, real estate, road construction, trade and other industries are more practical and more profitable. Therefore, GIS personnel must find suitable financing methods and business models to change this problem.

In fact, both the industry and the technological frontier regard the software development strategy of gis as a period of time or a long-term plan, which basically covers the model framework of gis core services, making the service direction relatively single and unable to achieve popular services well. Of course, this has a lot to do with the current government policies, but should the industry re-examine the staged achievements it has made in its own development and exploration?

Gid has been developed in China for 20 or 30 years. Whether IT is the early technology introduction or the independent research and development now (of course, the research and development efforts are far less than those of foreign counterparts, and esri is a good example in this respect), there is still a lot of room for improvement. Some insiders boldly speculate that GIS will penetrate into various fields and industries, and it will also be another mainstream direction of IT, which is reasonable and can also reflect the development prospects of GIS to a certain extent.

The Role of Geographic Information System in Economy and Society

I. The Rise of GIS Technology In order to solve the problems of population, resources, environment and sustainable development faced by human beings, coordinate the contradiction between nature and society and ensure the sustainable development of social economy, modern information technology must be adopted. Geographic information system (GIS) plays an important role in it, and it has been widely concerned by governments and social groups all over the world. Many countries have established national and regional geographic information research centers, promulgated relevant administrative decrees, carried out geographic information system research and trained talents to meet the needs of the rapid development of geographic information systems. Take the United States as an example According to the statistics of 1988, 84% of federal agencies have used or plan to use GIS, and more than 70,000 local government agencies have established GIS service systems. The government's annual investment in geographic information industry is about $65.438+65 billion. 1992, the US Geological Survey alone invested 754 million dollars in the spatial database. With the development of geographic information industry in the United States, there are more than 1 10,000 application projects every year, which reduces the cost by $5-65.438 billion, creates new output value by $65.438 billion, and creates new output value by more than $65.438 billion. On April 1994, US President Bill Clinton issued the executive order "Coordinating the Access and Use of Geographic Data: National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI)". The executive order requires the establishment of the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC), the development of the National Geospatial Data Exchange Network (NGDC), the formulation of data standards under the organization of FGDC, and the completion of the national digital geospatial data framework of the United States in June 5438+ 10, 2000 to support the decennial census to be launched in 2000. In recent years, geographic information system technology has developed rapidly, and it is developing towards integration and commercialization, and has begun to form a relatively complete geographic information industry. From 65438 to 0994, the annual output value of global geographic information system and its related industries has reached 365438 billion US dollars, with an annual growth rate of over 35%. China is a large developing country with a large population base, poor economic foundation, less per capita resources, unbalanced regional distribution, serious environmental pollution and fragile ecosystem. The long-term pursuit of extensive economic growth has made China's resource and environmental problems more serious. Fully aware of this situation, China Municipal Government issued "China 2 1 Century Agenda-China 2 1 Century White Paper on Population, Environment and Development" in 1994, and made sustainable development one of the basic national policies at the Fifth Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee of China. As a spatial technology, geographic information system is closely related to human survival, regional development and progress. Geographic information system will make an important contribution to solving global and regional environmental and development problems and realizing social and economic sustainable development. With the development of 15 years, geographic information system (GIS) has made great progress in China, and its application prospect and value have been recognized and valued by relevant departments. At present, more than 20 departments have carried out GIS work. China has built two national key laboratories of geographic information system, two national key laboratories of geographic information system, 1: 1 10,000 national basic geographic information system database and more than ten large-scale information systems. Through the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" national scientific and technological research, GIS technology has gradually made breakthrough progress in monitoring and evaluating major natural disasters, estimating the yield of major crops in important grain producing areas, and urban traffic management, resulting in obvious social and economic benefits. Although great achievements have been made in the application of GIS in China, there is still a big gap in the scale and depth of application compared with advanced countries such as the United States. China's gross national product is $430 billion. According to foreign estimates, the input of GIS in 1993 was USD 20 million, accounting for 0.47/ 1000 of the gross national product, which was one order of magnitude lower than that in the United States. At present, most GIS professional application systems are GIS oriented to specific projects, with many research results and few practical systems, which generally have low utilization rate and low efficiency, and emphasize development over application. In the development of GIS basic software in China, there are also some problems, such as scattered investment and development power, low-level repeated development, long development cycle, low efficiency, similar product functions and low degree of commercialization. At the same time, there are many repeated investments in the acquisition of geographic information, and the problem of information quality is also serious, so the standardization of information needs to be further strengthened. Geographic information system has a wide range of social needs and broad application fields. In recent years, the demand for geographic information products and services for national economic construction, national economic management, people's life and social development has gradually increased. On the one hand, government departments at all levels, national economic management institutions and business departments require timely understanding and mastery of the geographical information of national economic construction and social development, and understanding its operating state, distribution characteristics, resources and environmental conditions and social and economic foundation. On the other hand, in business, transportation and other departments, in order to better manage daily business and carry out various analysis and evaluation work, geographic information systems have also begun to be used. With the construction of global high-speed information network, geographic information system began to enter home and daily office. The next five years and even the year 2000 will be a crucial period for China's reform and development. China's economy will continue to develop rapidly, the construction of basic industries and infrastructure will be started on a large scale, the process of urbanization will be accelerated, and the pressure on population, resources and environment will be enormous. During this period, China will realize important changes and changes in its economic system and mode of economic growth. Adhering to sustainable development, gradually narrowing the regional development gap and basically eliminating absolute poverty are the basic policies and tasks of this period. At the same time, facing the coming of the information age of 2 1 century, we must seize the opportunity, speed up the informationization process of the national economy, and make great strides in the construction of information infrastructure. This period is also a crucial period for the development of China's geographic information system. We must consider the planning, strategy, policies and measures for the development of China's geographic information system in this period, based on the current situation and trends of the development of geographic information systems at home and abroad, and according to the requirements of national economic and social development and national conditions and national strength in this period. Follow the general policy of "overall planning, joint construction and sharing, unified standards, and combination of specialization and part-time" in China's informatization construction, and vigorously promote the practicality and industrialization of China's geographic information system. Second, the position of GIS in the contemporary discipline system Geographic Information System (GIS) is a special information system that deals with geographic information. Its definition is varied, and it is a high-tech covering a wide range of fields. Geographical information, because of its regionality, multi-dimension and time sequence, is the basis of connecting various information in human existence and social activities and forming comprehensive information distributed continuously in space and time. It is the basic information means to solve various problems faced by the sustainable development of population, resources, environment and society and promote the sustained, rapid and healthy development of the national economy. The discipline that geographic information system relies on is called "Geo-informatics", which is a modern scientific term and represents an integrated information science that uses various modern methods to collect, measure, analyze, store, manage, display, spread and apply data related to geography and spatial distribution. It is the current surveying, photogrammetry and remote sensing, cartography, geographic information system, computer image graphics, satellite. Geographic Information System (GIS) is the basic platform for the above-mentioned multidisciplinary integration, which is used to collect, store, manage and analyze spatial information and data. Satellite positioning, remote sensing and photogrammetry are the main means to quickly acquire and update geographic information, and are now developing towards full digitalization. Cartography and image graphics are not only used for the analysis and processing of geographic information, but also for the display and expression of geographic information results. The introduction of expert system will make data collection, update, analysis and application more automatic and intelligent. Modern communication technology, especially the information superhighway under construction, will ensure the spread and application of geographic information in various departments. Therefore, the formation and development of geographic informatics is an important part of the development of information science and technology, which will bring opportunities and challenges to the development of related disciplines. In recent years, some foreign universities have begun to change their original surveying and mapping majors into geographic informatics majors, such as ITC in the Netherlands and Hong Kong Polytechnic called geographic informatics, Laval University and Calgary University in Canada called Geomatics, and the University of New South Wales in Australia called Geomatic Engineering. This indicates that geographic information science has been formed as a science, technology and industry. There is no unified understanding of the status of geographic information system and geographic informatics in the contemporary discipline system, and it is generally considered as an interdisciplinary frontier discipline. Since the 1980s, Professor Qian Xuesen has been advocating the establishment of a geographical science integrating natural science and social science. It is a science aimed at understanding and coordinating the relationship between man and land and studying the surface of man-land system. It is a category of modern science and technology that is juxtaposed with natural science, social science, mathematical science, system science, thinking science, human science, aesthetics, military science and behavioral science. It is not a single discipline, but a discipline. Geographical science is a science that studies population, resources, environment and development. Needless to say, geographical science will play an important role. Professor Yang divides geography into four levels: philosophy of geography, basic geography, applied geography and technical geography. We modified it slightly, as shown in figure 1. Figure 1 Schematic Diagram of Geographical Science System Geoinformatics belongs to technical geography together with cartography, GPS, remote sensing, surveying and mapping, and quantitative geography. In recent years, the theoretical basis of the integration of GIS, rs and GPS is also here. They are all technical support disciplines of geographical science and have the same research object. Only by combining with each other can the research be in-depth, which is a qualitative leap in the research methods of geographical science. Geographic Information System (GIS) provides a modern tool for geographical science research, which makes geographical science research move from traditional qualitative description to quantitative analysis and spatial analysis, and from simple system to complex system, with better technical means. Third, the different stages of the development of geographic information system The role of geographic information system in social development is closely related to its development stage. The popularization and application of a new technology must go through a process of research, popularization and popularization, and it needs to be repeated many times to succeed, and GIS is no exception. At present, it is still in the development stage, characterized by its basic theory and methods are still being explored and improved, and papers on its data model and data processing methods are constantly appearing. However, its application has already been put on the agenda, and the research on management and education has also attracted people's attention. He Jianbang and Jiang Jingtong reviewed the development of geographic information system in China. They believe that the development of international geographic information system began in the 1960s. The research and application of geographic information system in China started late, with a history of 15 years since the early 1980s. Professor Chen, an academician of China Academy of Sciences, put forward GIS as a branch discipline and technical field at the 1978 Hangzhou Seminar on Remote Sensing, but it did not attract attention and discussion at that time. Take it as the preliminary work of China Geographic Information System. According to the actual development process, they suggest that the development of GIS in China can be divided into the following stages: 1978- 1980 is the preparatory stage, and China formally puts forward the field of geographic information system; 1980- 1985 is the initial stage. After two years of preparation and debate, the first GIS laboratory in China was finally established in1June 1980+1September 19801Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Geographic Information System (GIS) officially stepped onto the stage of research and experiment, and began its development in China. 1986- 1995 is the developmental stage. Since the Seventh Five-Year Plan (1986- 1990), geographic information system, as a government action, has been formally included in the national scientific and technological research plan, and has started planned, organized and targeted scientific research, applied experiments and engineering construction. This development stage can be divided into two periods, namely, the initial development period in the first five years (1986- 1990) and the accelerated development period in the second five years (1991-kloc-0/995, that is, the eighth five-year plan period). Geographic information system has moved from research, experiment and local application to practicality, integration and engineering, and has begun to play an important role in national economy and social security, and its technology has gradually matured. After 1996, it is the stage of industrialization. At present, China's geographic information system has met the industrialization conditions, trained a number of geographic information system experts and industrial teams, and formed a number of geographic information system research, training and digitization bases. In the last five years of this century, geographic information system will formally become an industry in China, enter the market and be widely used in national economy and public life. China's geographic information system is in the transition period to industrialization. Professor Ye Jia 'an summarized the important changes in the process of GIS industrialization in China, mainly including the following points: 1, the change of project (fund) source. In recent years, the development funds of GIS system in China have gradually changed from scientific research funds (national investment) to commercial investment, and the return on investment needs to come directly from the operation of the developed system, which is a sign of the commercialization of GIS, indicating that GIS technology is becoming more and more popular. The demand for GIS in practical application departments is increasing day by day, which has become the main source of projects and funds. 2. Changes in developers With the changes in the nature of the project, system developers began to change from pure scientific research personnel to engineering and technical personnel. The concepts of engineering, market and users began to strengthen in the minds of developers. 3. The development mode is designed and developed by national investment and scientific research personnel, and the development mode of "building and turning" with scientific research institutions as the main body is transformed into a development mode in which development departments and users jointly develop or users develop themselves, and the scientific research and technology department provides technical support. 4. Changes in technical focus. The development of system functions has changed from technology-driven to demand-driven, from focusing on software and hardware technology to focusing on management technology and practical benefits. 5. The transformation of regional scale is guided by demand and sources of funds, and system construction has begun to shift to countries, regions, cities, engineering projects and other scales, among which urban geographic information systems have flourished in the near future. 6. Changes in objectives With the socialization and industrialization of information, GIS will change from providing decision support for management decision-making departments to meeting a wide range of social needs at multiple levels and in multiple fields. 7. The change of system type It is an inevitable trend for GIS to develop from a project-oriented system to a management-oriented system. Dr. Chen Zitan divides GIS into four levels from the perspective of application: project level, department level, enterprise level and community level. Project GIS is the primary stage of GIS application, and the user's goal is to complete a specific project. Users are mainly concerned about getting the conclusion of this project, and other GIS-related operations are only instrumental or intermediate processes. They can't regularly maintain the updates of data and applications. After a project is finished, the cycle of this system is over, and most scientific research institutions, universities and scientists are at this stage of GIS application. The feature of departmental geographic information system is a well-maintained geographic information system database. The database is regularly updated and well managed. So it can be used to complete some daily work of a department, a government agency and one of the two partners. Users in this department always use the latest data for analysis and decision-making. At present, thousands of organizations have established departmental GIS systems. Enterprise GIS operates in a multi-department environment, and these departments have their own responsibilities and functions. They share the same geographical basic data, hardware and software system resources, application models, expert experience and knowledge. They are also jointly responsible for maintaining and managing this GIS system. Network communication and distributed computing are technologies that support enterprise GIS. All data and system resources are distributed on a network and flow on the network for multiple users to share. Enterprise GIS can help enterprises, including environmental units, complete the decision-making process more effectively and purposefully. At present, there are about hundreds of enterprise-level geographic information systems running in the government and large companies. Socialized GIS is the future level of GIS development. Geographic information system is not only used in government and scientific research institutions, but also in contact with the general public and groups. People can easily obtain the required geographic information data through the Internet, and using GIS software is as easy as using word processing software. Information superhighway provides technical support for socialized GIS. GIS system will become a part of various information systems. GIS plays an important role in helping people deal with a large amount of information by providing spatial retrieval function. From the above analysis, it can be seen that most GIS systems established in China belong to project GIS, and only a few systems belong to departmental GIS, which are gradually developing to enterprise GIS. This determines that the role of GIS in the social development of China is not extensive. The establishment and use of geographic information system is basically a kind of government behavior, which mainly serves the decision-making of government departments. The role of geographic information system in the social development of China. Although the application level of China's geographic information system is still far behind that of developed countries such as the United States, it has played an important role in all sectors of the national economy. Here, we only briefly introduce several main fields of GIS application in China. 1, Comprehensive Disaster Reduction China is one of the few countries in the world with many kinds of natural disasters, frequent occurrences and the most serious disaster losses. In the past 40 years, the annual economic losses accounted for about one-sixth of the national fiscal revenue. In recent years, the direct economic loss caused by disasters is about 654.38+000 billion yuan per year, which obviously exceeds the national economic growth, and the casualties caused by disasters are also very serious. Mitigating natural disasters is an indispensable work for the sustainable development of social economy in China. Mitigating natural disasters is a systematic project, including natural disaster monitoring, forecasting, evaluation, disaster prevention, disaster relief, recovery, education, insurance and comprehensive management. Every process and link of disaster reduction is closely related to spatial geographical elements, such as the spatial and temporal distribution, intensity and frequency of disasters, socio-economic vulnerability and resilience of the affected areas, disaster assessment, disaster response and rescue measures and plans. Therefore, Geographic Information System (GIS) is an important tool and means to reduce natural disasters. The disaster reduction system based on GIS has a huge spatial analysis function and can play a fast and accurate decision-making role in disaster reduction. The application of GIS in disaster reduction mainly includes the following aspects: 1, disaster monitoring and forecasting; 2. Natural disaster assessment, including historical disaster impact assessment and pre-disaster disaster prediction, real-time disaster emergency assessment and post-disaster disaster assessment; 3. Disaster relief; 4. Disaster emergency rescue and emergency rescue; 5. Disaster insurance and disaster recovery; 6. Disaster education and publicity; 7, disaster management and disaster zoning; The application of geographic information system in disaster reduction will be more and more extensive. Although the application is not perfect at present, with the development of comprehensive disaster reduction research, geographic information system will play an important technical support role in this field. In recent years, GIS has been or will be applied to all aspects and fields of disaster reduction. In China, various disaster research and management departments have established several disaster information management systems for single disaster research. In the eighth five-year plan, a series of natural disaster emergency monitoring and evaluation research and corresponding technology development were carried out, such as the real-time flood monitoring and flood risk assessment system established by the Ministry of Water Resources and the Academy of Sciences, the real-time typhoon, rainstorm and flood disaster information and mitigation system initially established by the China Academy of Sciences and the State Meteorological Administration, and the system developed by the relevant scientific research and teaching departments of the China Academy of Sciences and the State Education Commission. Geographic information system used by state seismological bureau for earthquake damage prediction in some cities. In addition, GIS has also played an important role in dealing with man-made accidents. Taking the monitoring and evaluation system of major natural disasters as an example, the system consists of seven subsystems, which monitor and evaluate seven disasters such as flood, drought, forest fire, earthquake, snow disaster, sand disaster and Dendrolimus punctatus disaster, and establish corresponding databases, analysis and evaluation models and trial operation systems respectively, thus forming an integrated monitoring and evaluation system of major natural disasters supported by GIS and rs technology. In recent years, the system has played an important role in monitoring and evaluating major natural disasters. 2. The significance of government decision-making geographic information system to social development lies in that it can improve the scientificity and rationality of management decision. Whether it is the central government or local government, the improvement of its management level is closely related to the development of information technology such as GIS, especially in the current information society. In the information age, the collection and management of national information, macroeconomic, social and environmental planning, prevention and control of major disasters and other administrative work are inseparable from the support of GIS technology. The successful operation of the State Council Integrated National Geographic Information System fully illustrates this point. It is a spatial information system combining geographic information system and office automation. Based on the data of national basic geographic information system, government affairs data and national economic statistics, it aims to develop a macro-analysis and decision-making system supported by high technology for the leading organs in the State Council. After the system was put into operation in the State Council General Office, it greatly facilitated the decision-makers in the central departments to inquire interested information, and facilitated the management work. The application of the first phase project has promoted the construction of provincial geographic information system. On the other hand, the development of GIS technology will become an important part of the future national information superhighway. With the support of information superhighway, geographic information system will play a greater role in national management. Liaoning land and resources information system is a multi-factor and multi-level spatial geographic information system, and it is the first provincial geographic information system in China, aiming at providing an auxiliary tool for Liaoning government agencies to analyze, evaluate and plan land and resources. In operation, the system manages the commonly used data of land work, provides information services for relevant departments, and carries out land use potential evaluation and land use suitability evaluation in Shenyang, iron and steel industry layout analysis in Liaoning Province, and reservoir inundation area analysis in Benxi County. It provides a powerful scientific basis for the research and compilation of land planning in Liaoning Province. The Institute of Remote Sensing of China Academy of Sciences has carried out the research on the decision support system of regional sustainable development, and established the decision support model of water resources, society and economy, the dynamic monitoring model of land use, the carrying capacity model of land population, the population prediction and evaluation model and the dynamic planning model of sustainable development. Focusing on the sustainable development of agriculture, a complete system of remote sensing dynamic monitoring, analysis and evaluation, prediction and early warning, management planning and decision-making was established, and experiments were carried out at three levels: macro planning, meso management and micro-engineering decision-making. With the further deepening and improvement of the research, similar systems will play an important role in the decision-making of government departments. 3. Municipalities have always been the center of political, economic and cultural activities. With the deepening of urbanization, cities are playing an increasingly important role in China's national economic life, and a series of environmental, ecological, construction and management problems caused by urbanization are increasingly prominent. City is a complex and open space system. Without the support of GIS, it is difficult to manage the city effectively. In recent years, urban geographic information system has developed vigorously in China. Shenzhen, Beijing, Shanghai, Xiamen, Haikou, Beihai and other big cities and coastal open cities have successively established urban geographic information systems. It is the fastest developing geographic information system, which is applied to urban resources, environment, transportation, population, land management, public utilities, infrastructure, commerce, tourism and other fields. 4. Scientific Research and Education At present, most of the geographic information systems established in China are established by scientific research units and university research institutions, which are closely related to scientific research and education. Through the establishment of these systems, we have gradually deepened our understanding of GIS, made our technology mature, trained a large number of GIS R&D personnel at different levels, popularized GIS knowledge, and laid a good foundation for the industrialization of GIS in China. At the same time, some established GIS systems provide technical specifications for the improvement of the follow-up systems, and provide basic geographic data for the follow-up systems and other scientific research. In particular, the National Basic Geographic Information System established by the State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping has played an important exemplary role. 5. The application of other geographic information systems in other fields is also deepening, such as crop yield estimation, military command and investment environment evaluation. For example, in the yield estimation system of major crops in key grain producing areas, corn, wheat and rice in Songliao Plain, Huanghuaihai Plain, Jianghan Plain and Taihu Lake Basin are taken as the targets, and GIS and RS technologies are combined with field investigation to put forward the estimation method of the sown area of the above crops, establish their respective yield models, and complete the crop yield estimation information system in key grain producing areas after many improvements and multi-level integration. With the development of 15 years in China, geographic information system (GIS) plays an increasingly important role in all sectors of the national economy, and its application fields are almost all-encompassing.