Species and pictures of birds

(The pictures are available in Encyclopedia, and the address of Encyclopedia has been attached under the classification. )

1. bird

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Wandering birds are the general names of birds that like to feed and inhabit in the water. There are many kinds of swimming birds, which are widely distributed in China. Including geese, ducks and seagulls, such as swans, geese, mandarin ducks, pelicans and seagulls. These birds are distributed in different areas, not as common as swan, cygnet, wild duck, merganser, merganser and cormorant in Beijing. Birds often choose places with lakes to rest and feed on fish, shrimp and aquatic plants. The breeding nest of swimming birds is flat and can float on the water, which is a unique floating nest on the water surface of swimming birds. When they fly, their feet stick out to the back of their bodies, and they fly very fast with webbed toes. Their mouths are mostly wide and flat, and they are good at swimming and diving.

When swans, geese and ducks molt, their feathers often fall off at the same time, and they can't fly for several weeks, so their predation ability is greatly reduced and they are vulnerable to attack, and they need effective protection during this period. Geese usually fly in herringbone or zigzag formation, and make the sound of "e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e" when flying.

2. wading birds

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Wading birds refer to those birds that adapt to life in swamps and watersides. Their legs are particularly slender, and their necks and toes are very long, which is suitable for wading and not for swimming. Stand on one foot when resting, and mostly get food from the bottom of the water, mud or the ground. Herons, storks, cranes and storks all belong to this category.

Herons and storks are large and medium-sized wading birds. The shape of heron and stork is very similar, but the neck of heron often bends into an "S" shape when flying, while the neck of stork is straight. There are 20 species of herons in China, most of which belong to precious birds. Storks are large wading birds. When flying, their heads, necks and legs stretch forward and backward. Storks are world-famous rare birds. Ibis is one of the most endangered birds in the world. At present, it is only distributed in Qinling Mountains of Shaanxi Province, China.

Cranes come in different sizes. They have no webbed toes or only a little webbed toes, and their rear toes are higher than the first three toes. The neck is deep and straight when flying. The crane has a graceful figure, a thin neck and long feet, elegant and generous manners, clear rhythm, natural and unrestrained dancing and sweet and loud singing. China's unique red-crowned crane, with a red head, is known as a crane.

Snipers are medium or small wading birds. There are many kinds, mostly sand bodies, with fast running speed, sharp wings and good at flying. In order to protect young birds, parents often drag a wing to induce enemies to chase and give up birds. People often say that "the snipe and the clam compete, and the fisherman gains" refers to this kind of bird.

3. Road birds

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Road birds mainly inhabit land. Strong physique, round wing tip, not suitable for long-distance flight; The mouth is short and blunt, the legs and feet are strong, and the claws are hooked, which is very suitable for running and digging on land. Grouse, pheasant and peacock all belong to this category.

Road birds mainly feed on leaves, fruits and seeds of plants. Most of them use grass, leaves, feathers, stones and other materials to build nests on the ground, and the nests are relatively simple.

China is a country rich in chickens in the world. * * *, there are 49 species, many of which are specialties of our country, such as golden rooster, pheasant, pheasant, peacock and so on. Because of the economic value and ornamental value of many kinds of birds in the road birds, these birds have always been one of the key targets of people, so their survival is seriously threatened. At present, there are 18 species of threatened and endangered pheasants listed in the World Red Book of Endangered Animals, of which 1 1 species is distributed in China. We are proud of the abundant pheasant resources in China, but we should protect them.

4. songbirds

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Songbirds account for about three-fifths of the world's birds. The shape and size of songbirds vary greatly. As small as Ye Ying, embroidered birds, tits and woodpeckers; As big as crows and magpies. Almost all over China. Songbirds have different feeding habits.

The song of songbirds varies with gender and season. The songs in the breeding season are the most euphemistic and loud. Such as thrush, crow, oriole, grey magpie, coal tit, black curly tail, hairy-footed swallow and so on have their own characteristics.

Shrike likes smooth direct flight, almost straight flight; The flight curve of finches is regular wave; Larks and larks often take off and land vertically.

The nest structure of songbirds is quite exquisite. Such as larks, larks, etc. Woven with fine grass or animal hair, the edge of the nest is flush with the ground, while Ye Ying, sparrows, etc. Often woven with leaves, grass stems, grass roots, moss and other spherical nests. Songbirds are important insect-eating birds, which can catch a large number of pests that endanger agricultural production during the breeding season.

Some people think that keeping birds in cages is also an act of loving birds, but it is not. Love birds should provide a safe and reliable environment for birds, and human beings should enjoy birds in nature instead of keeping birds in cages to satisfy their hobbies. It should be noted that a bird in a cage has paid the lives of several or dozens of birds.

Climbing birds

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Kingfishers who eat fish, cuckoos who eat caterpillars, parrots who talk like economists, woodpeckers who eat dry pests, Swifts, Dai Sheng, nighthawks and hummingbirds all belong to climbing birds. Most of them live in the Woods and are good at climbing trees; The structure of the foot is very special, so it can be grasped effectively.

Rhododendron is well known. It is also called Rhododendron. Parrot is a famous ornamental bird. Parrot parroting is an unconscious imitation, which is formed under the conscious teaching of people. Woodpeckers are famous "forest doctors".

Swift with four toes stretching forward and Dai Sheng with a feathered crown are both common birds. Many species are gorgeous and have their own characteristics, and they have long been common ornamental birds. Some species are on the verge of extinction and need urgent attention.

6. Raptor

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Raptors are generally large, mainly carnivorous and fierce; Sharp mouth and claws, powerful wings, good at catching animals. Raptors mainly include Hawkiformes (eagles) and birds (owls). ). The former is like golden eagle, goshawk, sparrow hawk, red-footed falcon and kestrel; The latter, such as red-horned birds, long-eared birds, short-eared birds, etc.

Falcons are very active during the day, mostly staying in trees or cliffs, waiting for opportunities to hunt. Use branches to build nests in crevices or caves of tall trees, mostly in tree holes or caves. Owls, commonly known as "night owls", mainly hunt at night.

Most raptors mainly feed on rodents. They are experts in rodent control. According to the survey, an owl can eat nearly a thousand mice a year, and there are/kloc-0 to 20 thousand kilograms of grain a year to avoid being spoiled by mice.