Similarities between Chinese painting and oil painting

1. Chinese painting focuses on writing, while western painting focuses on description. Chinese painting pays attention to brushwork, thinking that brushwork is all calligraphy, and the brushwork of calligraphy is the brushwork of painting. Since ancient times, there are abundant documents for us to learn calligraphy techniques. Chinese painting takes lines as the main means of expression, and the lines of Chinese painting should be the same as the strokes of calligraphy. For example, using a cone to draw sand, using a hairpin to break strands, using a pen to be powerful, echoing each other, connecting each other and taking care of each other are the basic requirements of calligraphy strokes, which are also applicable to Chinese painting. In Chinese painting, even the center and flank are used the same as calligraphy. This is called a bone brush, which is absolutely different from the lines in western sketches. Calligraphy requires not only strokes, but also the order of strokes, which must also be reflected in painting. Painting, such as calligraphy, pen holder, etc., is completed one by one, and the last one is completed, and a painting is completed. There are many masters who use lines in western sketch, from ancient Raphael to modern Nicholas and Fitch. Skillful and charming lines can be described as experts, but their lines are all attached to the physical expression, and there has never been an independent classification and discussion. No one has made a special study on the lines of the picture, only taking them as the definition of the outline and the direction of the face. The writing of Chinese painting is a unique painting method of Chinese painting. Only in this way can the picture of Chinese painting truly have the graphic nature of plane, and a blank sheet of paper can be regarded as infinite space and infinite change. Therefore, Shi Tao's theory of painting can be established, and the description of everything with two lives, three lives and three lives becomes the true description of painting creation. In western sketch, lines can be traced, but for the purpose of pursuing accurate figure, one stroke is not allowed to be drawn again, and right and wrong can coexist in the picture, which is a failure in Chinese painting, because when writing, adding a wrong stroke is undoubtedly a typo. Chinese painting failed. There is a so-called patching technique in modern times, which is to dig out the bad piece and draw it again with a blank piece of paper. There is no other way. In most cases, if one fails, the whole painting must be redrawn. Western painting focuses on description, which is why western painting has a tone of light and shade, so as to properly express the changes of light and color. The change of light and color is the language of western painting, just as line is the language of Chinese painting. Chinese painting has ink method and pays attention to colorful ink, but the shade of ink color is not mainly the expression of light. Multicolor is not the expression of light, but a color, so Chinese painting cannot use pigments. There is no black ink. This problem can be described in another article. In short, Chinese painting focuses on writing, with thick and thin strokes, long and short strokes, positive and horizontal strokes, thick and light strokes, etc. The ever-changing is equivalent to the change of calligraphy, and paying attention to the order of strokes is also equivalent to calligraphy. This is the main painting language of Chinese painting. Although the picture is also divided into far and near, it is not as strict as the perspective relationship in mathematics. So it is generally a two-dimensional plane space. Western painting focuses on description, and the relationship between modeling and light and shade is its basic language, which is essentially different from Chinese painting. Therefore, strengthen students' calligraphy education and improve their calligraphy level; Strengthening students' line training, forming the habit of painting without changing pens, adhering to line sketching, forming the habit of sketching, paying attention to the characteristics of calligraphy, and having line training with calligraphy consciousness have become the sketch requirements for students studying Chinese painting different from those studying western painting. Ignoring these different requirements in training will lead to the westernization of Chinese painting students and the deterioration of Chinese painting. Coupled with the lack of classical philosophy education in China and classical literature education in China, our Chinese painting has gradually become a western painting with ink painting on Xuan paper. Just like if our spoken English is mainly Chinese with a few English words, it is still Chinese. If it becomes mainly English with only a few Chinese words, is it still called Chinese? That will be blunt English. 2. Chinese painting focuses on shape, while western painting focuses on shape. As mentioned above, the main language of Chinese painting is line, while the main language of western painting is light color, and the expression of light color depends on the depicted light and shade and color tone, while Chinese painting completely expresses all this with lines abstracted from it, mainly expressing shapes, and portraying images in the picture through shapes. The main language of western painting is hue, which depicts the body space and color in the picture, and expresses the image in the picture through the accurate description of the body. Although the words shape and body are only one word apart, their meanings are quite different. In addition to shape, shape also has state, which is mainly two-dimensional and contains more dynamic factors; In addition to shape, the body also has a volume, which contains a false three-dimensional space. The process of transforming a three-dimensional shape into a two-dimensional shape is itself a kind of creation. Make use of the characteristics of calligraphy lines (strength, delay, relationship, etc.). ) to express this shape, and to describe the expression of an object through the shape, this is called writing God by shape. If you reach a state of high spirits, it is the best performance of sketch. The sketch of western sketch is to represent the object by creating a false three-dimensional space on the two-dimensional plane, mainly simulating vision in the three-dimensional space, thus depicting the expression of the object. Although in different ways, the purpose is the same as that of Chinese painting. Just like two languages, if you want to understand the same thing, you can understand it with different lengths, different words and different pronunciations, but it gives people a completely different feeling. There is no good or bad, no right or wrong, just the difference between the two languages. In the comparison and communication between Chinese and western arts, western artists admire the concise lines of Chinese painting, while China artists admire the realism and accuracy of western oil painting. Modern painters such as Matisse in the west borrowed a lot from the black lines and large-area plane colors of Chinese paintings in their works. Many China painters have learned western oil painting skills, which makes oil painting, a traditional western art, take root in China and develop into a wonderful achievement that everyone can see today. It is a fact that the achievements of China's oil paintings are almost equal to those of western classicism, which surprises many western artists. Nowadays, many western painters no longer cherish their traditions. Under the influence of American cultural strategy, driven by the US dollar, they took anti-tradition as their own battle flag and denied all traditional meanings until they cancelled the plastic art features of painting, and even cancelled the plane media materials of painting, turning it into a kind of performance. This is called performance art, which completely obliterates the boundaries between painting and performance. This modern art has changed its quality and can't be compared with China's painting. No matter what he calls international culture, in the eyes of people who are not confused, it is hard to say whether it is culture or not. I don't want to talk about this topic anymore. The difference between shape and shape is the difference between solid and plane. Shape is mainly a factor of proportion and texture, which is the essence of things. Therefore, Chinese painting does not pay much attention to the changes of light and color. Since ancient times, some people in China think that the so-called surface painting is unreliable, so they have never made great efforts to show the effect of light and shadow in painting. The so-called color, Chinese painting is called color matching, which only requires the effect on the screen and never requires visual realism. This is Chinese painting and oil painting, with a great sense of picture. The reason why lines are called bone brushes is to point out that strokes are more important than colors. The method of using color is classified as the method of using ink, which is called ink color This is reflected in the sketch, and the color of Chinese painting is more free, which is very different from western oil painting. This is also compatible with the pen and ink skills of Chinese painting. Although it is different from the visual effect in the physical sense, it is more artistic in design. I think this makes Chinese painting more artistic, because painting and photography have completely separated from each other since then. Chinese painting will not be hit hard by the development of photography. Chinese painting focuses on grasping the spirit, while western painting focuses on the simulation of light and color. According to China's ancient painting theory, sketch is also called portrait, and the process of sketch is to grasp the spirit of the object by grasping the shape, which is called writing the spirit with the shape. The best works must have both form and spirit, which has become the artistic pursuit goal of Chinese painting. It can be said that it is more than enough to express the shape and spirit of an object with lines, except for the influence factors of light and color that are not necessarily related to shape and spirit. Light and color are the main expressive languages of western painting, and western painting expresses objects through the expression of light and color. Without light, it is darkness. Without any vision, painting cannot exist. Light perception is an important factor in western painting. Therefore, western painting focuses on the simulation of visual perception of light and color, and the best effect is as realistic as at present. The simulation of all visual effects is obviously much more complicated than traditional Chinese painting, which only extracts the essence and needs more work. Chinese and western painting is such a simple and highly generalized painting, and it is also a complex and comprehensive painting. Of course, western painting does not include all the nonsense of modernism. I'm talking about the classical or realistic art of western painting. Ignoring the differences between Chinese and western painting, or confusing the two, it will be neither Chinese nor western, nor neither fish nor fowl. 4. Chinese painting emphasizes subjective feeling, while western painting emphasizes objective expression. As mentioned many times above, the characteristic of western painting is that its expression language is the simulation of light, color and three-dimensional space, so all techniques are centered around this point, so observation is very important, and it is necessary to follow the trend to produce the same picture effect as real vision, while Chinese painting focuses on grasping with expressions, and form is only the medium he grasps with expressions, so thinking is the most important thing for China painters. Observation is only to grasp the most essential proportion and texture of the shape, which requires a lot of processing, selection and transformation in the mind. This process is called the nature of foreign teachers, from which we can get our hearts. Memory of images can complete this process well, so memory is extremely important for China painters. After time filtering, the image left in the painter's mind may retain more objective natural images, but it is no longer purely objective natural images, but more subjective feelings in the painter's mind, which is also very different from western painting. What Zheng Banqiao said better is the image in the eyes, the image in the heart and the image in the painting. He said: Jiang Guan Qiu Qing. All I can think about is paintings. In fact, the bamboo in the chest is not the bamboo in the eye. Therefore, grinding ink to spread paper, putting pen to paper is disguised, and the bamboo in hand is not the bamboo industry in the chest. In short, the person who intends to write first decides the industry; Those who are interested in staying out of the law will develop their heritage. Draw a cloud alone! At least we can see that the sketch of Chinese painting pays more attention to a person's inner feelings. In the process of sketching, it is possible to take the sketched object as an opportunity or as a medium to express one's subjective feelings. The performance of Chinese painting is concrete, but it is not bound by objective objects. It respects objective objects and refers to its own subjective feelings, aiming at showing people their special feelings and moving the audience. Western painting is different. He used all his skills to create a picture world equivalent to objective vision. Let people feel real first, and then let the audience and painters see it, in an attempt to make the audience and painters feel the same. To be fashionable, it is to keep time and space and let the audience feel it. This is a bit like the role of modern photography. Of course, modernist painting doesn't even have this. The so-called abstract intelligence is at best inexplicable and makes people feel a little emotional. If you remove the color, even this is gone. 5. The sketch is not familiar. Sketching is based on nature, which is the nature of Chinese and western painting. Sketch is the most basic way for students to learn painting, and it is also an important link between painter's creation and the real world. It is also a way for painters to exercise their observation and thinking ability, and it is also a necessary means for painters to collect creative materials. Whether studying painting or painting, long-term experience accumulation can easily form its own set of fixed performance routines, and the limitations of personal experience are often insignificant in the face of infinitely rich nature. Then, when the painter's creativity is exhausted, sketch is an effective medicine to treat this chronic disease. Learning from nature is an extremely important experience in the tradition of Chinese painting, and sketching is the process for painters to seek advice from nature, and Chinese and foreign painters are no exception. The creative road of modernist painters excavated from their own hearts can only be a narrow dead end. I want to end this article with Zheng Banqiao's words. He said: "Most good painters in ancient times took nature as their teacher, and I painted what was born in Heaven. Face life, seek inexhaustible creative source from life, and sketch, sometimes sketch itself is a kind of creation.