Wu life

Baidu encyclopedia input Wu, very detailed.

Wu (170 1~ 1754), a novelist in Qing dynasty, was born in Quanjiao, Anhui province (there is a seal in Xu Lanting written by Wu: "Quanjiao Wuli Renyin"). Wu was born in the 40th year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty and died in the 19th year of Qianlong at the age of 54 (life is 54 years, Quanjiao is 23 years, Ganyu 10 year, Nanjing is 2 1 year). Young, smart and good at remembering. A little longer, make up the formal disciple. Jing You's Selected Works, Cheng. I am not good at treating students, and my nature is heroic. In a few years, I have squandered all my old products, and sometimes I can't even eat. In the 13th year of Yongzheng (A.D. 1735), the Governor Zhao Guokui gave a speech in response to "learned words", but did not go (he took the three-level local examinations in Academy, Fuyuan and Du Yuan, but did not attend due to illness). Moved to Jinling and became a literary leader. He also gathered his comrades to build the Pantheon at the foot of Yuhua Mountain and worshipped 230 people below Taibo. If the capital is insufficient, the house you live in will be sold, and the poor will benefit at home. In his later years, he became an old man named Wenmu, who was a guest in Yangzhou, especially in drinking. Later he died among the guests. Amethyst's career was the worst of his life. It took him 20 years to write The Scholars 55 times. (One book has been written fifty times, and the other book has been written sixty times, neither of which is original. ) He writes about the truth of the people who suffer from him, and he is humorous and funny, which makes him laugh. There are also seven volumes of poetry, five volumes of Wen Mu Fang Shan Ji, seven volumes of poetry and A Brief History of China's Novels. Because there is a "Wenmu Mountain Residence" at home, he called himself "Wenmu Old Man" in his later years, and because he moved from his hometown in Quanjiao, Anhui Province to Qinhuai River in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, he was also called "Qinhuai River Guest". He was born in a famous family, received a good education as a child, and showed a special talent for literary creation. When he became an adult, he had the opportunity to gain a lot of knowledge, including the inside story of officialdom, because he worked as an official with his father everywhere. When Wu was 22 years old, his father died, and there was a fierce struggle for property and power within the family.

After this change, Wu had no intention of becoming an official, hated hypocritical interpersonal relationships, and had no intention of making progress and fame. The governor of Anhui recommended him to take the erudite examination, but he pretended to be ill. He was not good at keeping a house. When he was poor, he gave everything and sold all his possessions until 1754 died at the age of 53.

Wu Yisheng created a large number of poems, essays and historical research works, including twelve volumes of Wenmushanfang Poems, of which four volumes exist. However, it was his satirical novel The Scholars that established his outstanding position in the history of China literature. The article "Fan Jinzhong Residence" in this book has also been selected into the next Chinese textbook of Grade 8 (Grade 2). It took him nearly 20 years to finish the novel until he was 49. People established the "Wu Memorial Hall" in his hometown to commemorate him; Wu's former residence was also built in Taoyedu of Qinhuai River.

Cao Zhan (zhān) (about 17 15~ about 1763), whose real name is Xueqin, Qinpu and Ren. He lived from the last years of Kangxi to the middle period of Qianlong. As the standard-bearer of the office of the Han army, he is regarded as a Han nationality, and both Han and Manchu people think that he is from China. For 300 years, they thought he was bragging [1]. Novelists in Qing Dynasty. His ancestral home was Wuyang, Jiangxi, and later he was divided into two branches, one in Feng Run, Hebei and the other in Tieling, Liaoning. Cao Bin, the founding father of the Song Dynasty, was his distant ancestor. About the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was merged into Manchu, and its identity was "Coating (Domestic Slave)". He is generally regarded as the author of China's famous novel A Dream of Red Mansions.

Brief introduction to life

Cao Xueqin's great-grandfather Cao Xi was a weaver in Jiangning. Great-grandmother Sun Shi was the nanny of Emperor Kangxi Michelle Ye. Grandfather Cao Yin worked as a squad leader and bodyguard in Michelle Ye, and later as a weaver in Jiangning, who also served as an inspector of salt affairs in two Huai provinces, winning the favor of Michelle Ye. Michelle Ye visited the south of the Yangtze River six times, was taken back four times, and lived in Cao's home. After Cao Yin's death, his sons Cao Qing and Cao Fuxian succeeded him as Jiangning Weaving. Their three generations and four grandchildren have served for 58 years. Cao Xueqin grew up in the "prosperous" life of this "romantic place of Qinhuai" since childhood. In the early years of Yongzheng, the Cao family suffered a series of blows because of the political struggle within the feudal ruling class. Cao Fu was dismissed on charges of "misconduct", "harassing the Post" and "deficit", and his property was confiscated. Cao prone prison, "cangue" for more than a year. At this time, Cao Xueqin's family moved back to Beijing. Since then, the Cao family has been devastated and declining. After a major turning point in his life, Cao Xueqin felt that the world was cold and had a clearer and deeper understanding of feudal society. He despised powerful people, stayed away from officialdom and lived a poor and hard life. In his later years, Cao Xueqin moved to the western suburbs of Beijing. Life is even poorer, "covered in wormwood" and "porridge for the whole family". He devoted himself to the writing and revision of A Dream of Red Mansions. In the twenty-eighth year of Qianlong (1763), Cao Xueqin's youngest son died prematurely, and he fell into excessive sadness and grief and was bedridden. On New Year's Eve of this year (1764 February 12), he finally died of poverty due to illness at the age of 40. Cao Xueqin is "fat, with a wide head and black color". He is arrogant, cynical and unrestrained. Alcoholic, talented and talkative. Cao Xueqin is a poet. His poems are novel in conception and close in style to Li He, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. His friend Duncheng once praised him and said, "Love your poem is wonderful, and you can catch up with the long valley broken fence fan." He added, "I know that your poems are as bold as iron and as cold as the Taoist camp." However, there are only two lines in his sincere poem Pipa Xing: "The White Fuji Mausoleum should be very happy and will teach barbarians to put on airs." Cao Xueqin is also a painter and likes to paint abrupt and steep stones. Dunmin's "Painting Stone in Qinyuan" said: "Proud as a strange monarch, more jagged. I was drunk and swept away like a pen, writing a piece of thunder in my chest. " It can be seen that when he painted stones, he put his chest on the grievances. Cao Xueqin's greatest contribution lies in his novel creation. His novel A Dream of Red Mansions is rich in content, profound in thought and exquisite in art, which pushes China's classical novel creation to a peak and occupies a very important position in the history of world literature development. A Dream of Red Mansions is the product of his "reading for ten years, adding and deleting five times" and "every word is like blood, and ten years of hard work is extraordinary". He has written A Dream of Red Mansions 80 times, but it has not been handed down for various reasons. Today, there are 120 popular versions, and the last 40 versions are usually considered to be continued by Gao E (or just the reviser). Caoxueqin former residence

Mark Twain (1835165438+1October 30-1965438+April 2 1 00), formerly known as Samuel Langhorn Clemens (Sagittarius).

Mark Twain was born in a poor lawyer's family in rural Florida, Missouri, USA on June 30th, 1835+065438. He ranks sixth among seven children in his family. He only has two brothers and sisters who can survive his childhood. His two brothers and sisters are his elder brother Olian (1825 July17-1897 February 1 1) and his younger sister Pamela. His father is a local lawyer with a small income and a poor family. Little Samuel had to work when he was at school. His father died when he was twelve, and he began to live an independent working life. He first worked as an apprentice in a printing factory, a newspaper delivery man and a compositor, and later as a sailor and helmsman on the Mississippi River. Childhood poverty and long working life not only accumulated material for his later literary creation, but also cast a just heart. His mother

Mark Twain's relative Margaret died when he was four years old, and his younger brother Benjamin (1832 June 8-1842 May12) also died three years later. His other brother plesent (1828- 1829) was born only three months before Twain. After this class of Bimark Twain's older brothers and sisters, Twain has a younger brother-Henry Clemens (1838 July13-1858 June 2 1). When Twain was 4 years old, his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, a port city on the Mississippi River, which became the inspiration for St. Petersburg in his later works The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Tale of a Wanderer. At that time, Missouri was a federal slave-holding state, and young Twain began to understand slavery, which became the theme of his adventure novels. Mark Twain was color blind, which caused his humorous jokes in social circles. 1847 In March, Twain 1 1 years old, his father died of pneumonia. The following year, he became a printing apprentice. 185 1 year, he became a compositor, contributed articles, and began to write articles for Hannibal Daily founded by his brother Olian. /kloc-When he was 0/8 years old, he left Hannibal and stayed in new york.

Mark Twain, Philadelphia, St Louis and Cincinnati all worked as printers. Twain returned to Missouri at the age of 22. On the trip from the lower Mississippi River to New Orleans, the ship's navigator "bisbee" asked Twain to be a ship's navigator for life, which was the third highest paid occupation in the United States at that time, with a monthly salary of $250 (equivalent to the current $65,438+055,000/year). Because ships are made of very flammable wood, they can't turn on the lights at night. Pilots need to have a wealth of knowledge about ever-changing rivers, so that they can avoid hundreds of ports and woodlands along the coast. Twain spent more than two years meticulously studying the 2000 meters of the Mississippi River before he got his pilot's license (1859). During the pre-license training, Twain persuaded his brother Henry Clemens to work with him on the Mississippi River. Henry died on June 2 1 65438 because the ship where Henry worked exploded. Twain felt extremely guilty about this and felt responsible for the rest of his life. However, he continued to work on the river and remained a navigator until the civil war broke out in 186 1, which reduced the traffic on the Mississippi River.