Who invented the camera?

1725 Discovery of German photosensitive materials

1802 British projection sensitive material, the embryonic form of photography.

In the history of photography in the world, the first picture that can be imaged by photography was made in the laboratory by Niepce, a French inventor of photography and printing (1765- 1833).

In the world photography history, the most brilliant day was in A.D. 1839, when the French painter Daguerre (Louis J M Daguerre1789-1851) invented the "silver plate photography technology" and officially came out. He once held a painting and landscape exhibition in Paris, France on 1822. He used all kinds of light changes to illuminate the picture, which produced unexpected and wonderful effects and was famous. 1829, he bought a lens from a lens dealer in Paris and happened to meet old Nipps. Because of the same consciousness, they cooperated with each other to develop photography and photography technology. Nipps died three years later, and he continued his experiment.

Finally, he announced his great invention in the French society of science on 1839 65438+ 10. The first successful photographic invention in human history was named "Daguerre Photography".

He exposed a copper plate coated with silver iodide, and then smoked it with mercury vapor to form a silver iodide film as a photosensitive surface. In the self-made camera, the invented photosensitive plate is exposed by projecting light and shadow through the lens, and then the image is developed with mercury vapor in a designed mercury developing box, and then fixed in salt water (which later became baking soda). A permanent image photo can be formed.

1, walter zapp of Walter Zapp, German camera designer and inventor of Minos miniature camera. 1905 was born in Riga, Latvia, a Baltic German businessman.

192 1 year, Chap moved to Tallinn, Estonia, and designed a medium-sized camera and magnifying glass.

1933, German Fritzi Kaftan-sky invented the world's earliest miniature camera "MINIFLEX", but its shape was reduced.

1934, Chap began to imagine a universal camera that could be held in the palm of your hand, but its shape remained the same. He made a model out of wood, which was 12.5 mm long, 28 mm wide and 7.5 mm high. Later, Minos' cameras all looked like this wooden model.

The design of 1935 is basically completed, which has the following characteristics: Cook's three-piece lens is hidden in the camera, the maximum shutter time is11000 seconds, the push-pull film feeding and shutter loading mode, the world's first viewfinder with parallax correction, and dual-card film can take100 6.5x9 bottom images. This camera is called Minox Minos, and the Latin root "min" means "micro" and "tiny".

1936, Chap made the first prototype of Ur-Minox in Tallinn, Estonia, and successfully photographed landscapes and portraits.

1938, the Minos camera invented by Chap obtained a British patent.

1938- 1943 is produced by VEF company in Riga. This is Latvia's famous encrypted north stainless steel shell. The frame is increased from 6.5x9 to 8x 1 1mm, and 50 photos can be taken with dual-card film. Chap also designed a magnifying glass and a solar film developing tank specially designed for Minos cameras, which were produced by Weaver Company.

1944 was discontinued due to Minos in World War II.

1945, Chap returned to Wezlar, Germany, and founded Minox Co., Ltd. with his partners.

Minos 1948 miniature camera put into production. The fuselage was changed from stainless steel shell of Riganos to aluminum metal shell with oxidized surface. This lens was specially designed by Arthur Sebert, a former optical designer of Ernst Leeds Optical Company. First, five-lens, then four-lens, three groups, sky-inserted lens, 15 mm/f3.5, overall focus, slightly curved image field to improve resolution, so it is called plane lens. Chap then redesigned Minos magnifying glasses I and II and the new Minos solar film developing tank.

2.196910/October 17, Bauer and Smith of Bell Institute announced the invention of "CCD". After further improvement, this photosensitive element has finally been widely used today. The latest improved versions, such as 4-color CCD and super CCD, are constantly emerging, and the number of pixels has already exceeded 10 million pixels, but the imaging effect has also reached perfection.

The world's first digital camera 1975 was born in Kodak Laboratory in new york, USA. The inventor of this digital camera was Steven J.Sasson, a technician of Kodak Company at that time. As early as 30 years ago, Steven J.Sasson predicted in his first technical report on the prototype of digital camera that the "future" digital camera would be portable and could take color photos in poor light. All this has become a reality today. Recently, we interviewed Steven J. Sason, who is still engaged in technical work in Kodak Company. In a relaxed atmosphere, Mr. Sason recalled and told the experience of invention, and brought his latest views on the future trend of digital cameras.

3. SLR refers to single lens reflex, which is the most popular viewfinder system today. Most 35mm cameras use this viewfinder. In this system, the unique design of the mirror and prism enables the photographer to directly observe the image passing through the lens from the viewfinder. Therefore, you can accurately see the same image that the film is about to "see". The core of the system is a movable mirror (as shown in the light blue part), which is placed in front of the film plane at an angle of 45. The light entering the lens (as shown by the red light path) is reflected upward by the mirror to a piece of ground glass. Early SLR cameras had to hold the camera waist-high and look down at the ground glass. Although the image on the ground glass is upright, it is upside down. In order to correct this defect, the current eye-level SLR cameras are equipped with a pentaprism above the frosted glass. This prism reflects light many times to change the light path and send the image to the eyepiece. At this time, the ground image is upright up and down, and corrected left and right. When framing, most of the light entering the camera is reflected upward by the reflector to the pentaprism. Shutters of SLR cameras are almost always directly in front of the film (because they are located in the film plane, they are called focal plane shutters). When framing, the shutter is closed and no light reaches the film. Press the shutter button, the reflector quickly turns up to get out of the way, at the same time, the shutter opens, the light reaches the film, and the shooting is completed. Then, the mirrors in most cameras will be reset immediately.