Design of Xiamen Tongan Cultural Center?

Xiamen is a key development city for the country to build an economic zone on the west side of the Taiwan Strait. At the same time of economic construction, Xiamen Municipal Government also attaches great importance to the construction of spiritual civilization, focusing on the construction of a number of large-scale comprehensive cultural buildings aimed at enriching the cultural life of citizens. The project of Xiamen Tongan Cultural Center was started under this background, and now the project has entered the construction stage.

The project site is located at the entrance of Tongan Cultural Park, Tongan District, Xiamen, and the west side of the base is only 100 meters away from the completed Tongan Gymnasium. It is adjacent to National Highway 324 in the south and Tongan Cultural Park in the east and north, with a planned area of 6hm2. The site selection of the project is the central position in the overall planning of Tongan, and it is also the leisure activity center of Tongan citizens in the future. (see figure 1)

Xiamen Tongan Cultural Center has a planned total land area of 30,000 square meters and a total construction area of 20,000 square meters. It consists of cultural centers, science and technology museums, libraries and cultural squares. Among them, the construction area of Science and Technology Museum is about 8000m2, with cinemas 1000 and seats 1 piece. The cultural center covers an area of 7000m2, and the library covers an area of 5000m2.

2 Don't move or dance-the concept rooted in regional culture

2. 1 Tongan's history and culture

Tonga has a long history. Founded in the third year of Jin Taikang (AD 282), it was withdrawn from the county in 1996 and set as Tongan District of Xiamen City. Tongan is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese and the ancestral home of Taiwan Province compatriots. There is a folk saying that copper cannot be smelted without gold (Jinmen) (Tongan). Tongan is also the birthplace of Xiamen folk culture, with rich cultural traditions and folk customs. Among them, Taiwanese opera is particularly famous. At present, Taiwanese opera has become an important cultural project for exchanges between Fujian and Taiwan and an indispensable cultural link for cross-strait relations.

2.2 Conception is rooted in regional culture.

As a comprehensive cultural building serving citizens, how to embody local cultural characteristics? This is the focus of the program. We believe that when expressing the integration of traditional culture, we can't just make superficial remarks, but only use traditional architectural symbols. We should start with the characteristics of regional culture, dig deep into its connotation and find the breakthrough point.

Through the in-depth study of Tongan's history and culture, it is found that Taiwanese opera is the most representative local cultural activity with rich historical and humanistic values. How to extract valuable ideas from Taiwanese opera has become the starting point for designers to think.

2.3 the idea of doing nothing and sleeves

The performing art of Taiwanese opera belongs to a kind of traditional drama. The most important elements of traditional Chinese opera are characters and singing. The so-called voice is singing, no movement and no dance. This artistic feature is also fully reflected in Taiwanese opera, especially the attention paid by Taiwanese opera to dance.

Although the sleeve is not a unique dance movement in Taiwanese opera, it is an impressive representative movement among many dance movements in Taiwanese opera, so the sleeve has also become a source of inspiration for designers. It consists of a series of actions such as throwing and rotating long sleeves. When performers of classical operas exaggerate the emotions of characters on the stage. The conception of this scheme is to extract the prototype characteristics of sleeves according to their action characteristics, that is, to rotate around the center to form a flowing dynamic as the origin of the conception.

Around this concept, the layout mode and space treatment of Tongan Cultural Center should reflect the characteristics of rotation and dancing. (See Figure 2)

3 master plan

3. 1 floor plan of main building

According to the design principle and the concept of "not moving or dancing", the architectural form is divided into three parts in the form of graphic topology, with the science and technology museum in the middle and the cultural center and library in the east and west wings. Judging from the overall composition, like dancing sleeves, the overall shape is very dynamic. At the same time, it also makes the whole building complex interrelated and integrated, breaking the original planning mode of isolating three buildings from each other, which has a certain breakthrough.

3.2 the continuation of urban texture

Through careful investigation and analysis of urban planning and the surrounding environment of the project, we found that Tongan Cultural Center is located in a special position. First of all, although the urban texture around this project is influenced by topography, it still presents a relatively regular horizontal and vertical grid pattern. At the same time, the newly planned Tongan Cultural Park, influenced by the east-west stream, is in a diagonal grid shape with a certain angle to the north-south direction.

Tongan Cultural Center is located in such a special environment, and it needs to respond effectively to the surrounding environment texture with specific methods. Our design method is to superimpose two different texture patterns on each other to form an orthogonal cross-grid texture. (See Figure 6)

3.3 Composition of the General Plane

The composition of the general plan is completed in six steps. The first step is the integration of urban axis network, that is, combing and adjusting the texture of the oblique cross grid mentioned above to adapt to the land use conditions and architectural functions. The second step is the integration of building volume. Integrate the dynamic architectural form that reflects the regional cultural characteristics into the land. The third step is to insert the path. That is, the improvement of garage system and walking system. The fourth step is the integration of water system. The fifth step is the integration of environment. The environmental system, including the green ring landscape and cultural square, has been further improved. Step six, form the general plane.

3.4 Reasonable traffic structure

3.4. 1 vehicle flow

Through reasonable organization, the main garage system will be arranged on the west side of the planned land. In order not to cut off the connection between the cultural center and the cultural park, only emergency fire exits are allowed between the cultural center and the park. The parking lot is arranged in the southwest corner of the land to meet the parking demand of the cinema. At the same time, a temporary parking area is set up near the entrance of the theater for the audience to get on and off.

Pedestrian traffic

The main walking axis extends from the cultural park to the land, which can effectively connect the cultural center and the cultural park, making these two cultural facilities an organic whole. In addition, a circular landscape trail is designed around the main building, and a corresponding buffer space is set near the main entrance. In order to avoid the interference of traffic noise on the building of National Highway 324, a large open square was designed between the main building and National Highway 324. The main building retreats as far as possible, which not only reduces the noise interference to the building, but also provides a leisure square for citizens to hold large-scale cultural activities.

3.5 Perfect landscape system

3.5. 1 axis

There are two landscape axes in the planning. The main landscape axis extends along the main axis of Tongan Cultural Park, passes through the interior of the Cultural Center and connects with the main entrance of National Highway 324. The secondary landscape axis consists of the building itself, extending from the central axis of the Science and Technology Museum and perpendicular to the 324 National Road. The two axes are intertwined and interdependent, forming the main landscape system.

3.5.2 Nodes

On the landscape axis, different levels of landscape nodes are arranged at regular intervals, and each node has its own characteristics, further improving the landscape system.

waterscape

In the planning, a distinctive waterscape is arranged on the east side of the building, which is adjacent to the park, which not only activates the space environment, but also regulates the microclimate to some extent.

4 architectural design

4. 1 dynamic modeling processing

Shaking sleeves is a common action in Taiwanese opera. The two parts are curved around the amphitheater in the middle, and the roof is arranged obliquely at the same time. In order to increase the sense of movement, the roof is made into a soft sleeve shape, which shows the movements of the sleeves freehand, which is very rich in cultural connotation.

In the choice of building materials, we chose two representative materials. First, the aluminum plate and glass that reflect the flavor of the times and the characteristics of modern architecture make the building look light and lively; In addition, the selection of local unique masonry, especially the use of red bricks, is similar to the unique red brick buildings in southern Fujian.

4.2 Architectural graphic design

The building functions are divided into three parts, namely, science and technology museum, cultural center and library. We will link the three together. The three functional partitions are interrelated and relatively independent. At the same time, considering the richness of architectural space, the transition of indoor and outdoor space is orderly and interesting.

Due to the diverse functions of this project, the streamline relationship is complex. How to sort out a set of orderly streamline order in complicated functions is also a very important problem. After analysis, we organized several streamline lines reasonably, such as audience streamline, actor streamline, office streamline, reader streamline, book streamline, props streamline and so on. So as to avoid the intersection of interfering streamlines and make the traffic streamlines as comfortable as possible.

5 concluding remarks

At present, there are many similar large-scale comprehensive cultural construction projects in large and medium-sized cities in China, which are hot projects and also reflect the construction of local spiritual civilization. How to respect and inherit regional culture at a deeper level is the first problem that our designers should consider. As the winning bidder, through the conception and design of Xiamen Tongan Cultural Center, we put forward an innovative method, that is, to find the most representative cultural activities in regional culture, and then extract distinctive prototypes from them, abstract them and express them in architectural language. We also hope that this article can provide some reference for the vast number of architectural and planning and design workers.

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