What are the origins and customs of 2022?

1. Generally speaking, a small year is relative to a big year. Off-year is a traditional festival of Han nationality in China, also known as Xie Zao, Zao Zao Festival, Zao Wang Festival and Zao Zao Festival. Off-year is a day for people to sacrifice their stoves. There is another legend about it. Because every household has a kitchen stove, the Jade Emperor stationed a kitchen god in every household to supervise and inspect what he did this year. On the off-year day, Kitchen God will report the good and evil of this year to the Jade Emperor, and let him reward and punish. Therefore, every household should melt the Kwantung sugar with fire and coat it on the stove when offering sacrifices to the stove. The Festival of Sacrificing Kitchen Stove is actually a festival for every household to send the kitchen god to heaven. If there is a farewell to the kitchen god, there will be a ceremony to welcome the kitchen god the next day. On New Year's Eve, the Kitchen God will bring the gods to the world to pay New Year greetings, and there will be ceremonies of "receiving the kitchen" and "receiving the gods" on that day.

Step 2 sacrifice the stove

Offering sacrifices to the kitchen god means offering sacrifices to the kitchen god. Kitchen God is commonly known as Kitchen God Bodhisattva, Kitchen God, Kitchen God and Oriental Chef. According to legend, Kitchen God is the God sent by the Jade Emperor to monitor people's good and evil. At the end of each year, he will return to the Heavenly Palace to report the people's feelings to the Jade Emperor, so that he can be rewarded and punished. Therefore, when sending stoves, people put candy, water, beans and grass on the console table in front of the statue of the kitchen king; The last three of them are preparing materials for the mount of the chef. When offering sacrifices to the stove, the whole family, old and young, should attend the sacrifice and kowtow.

Some of the eldest son gave incense and wine, and sprinkled horse fodder on the mount of the kitchen god, and scattered it from the kitchen stove to the path outside the kitchen door. He also melted the kwantung sugar with fire and put it on the mouth of the kitchen god. According to legend, this can stick the teeth of Kitchen God so that it can't make a sound, so that he can't speak ill of the world in the jade emperor's place. After the sacrifice, the statue of Kitchen God should be burned, saying that it was to send Kitchen God to heaven. On both sides of the kitchen case, there are couplets of "God speaks well, and the lower bound is safe" and the horizontal comment of "the head of the family".

In Zhejiang area, sweet sugar is mixed with rice flour to make the shape of an ingot, which is called "sugar ingot".

Suzhou sent a kitchen god, and the people tied pine and cypress branches, heather and holly together into sticks, which were called "sending kitchen firewood" and sold them along the street. In addition, on New Year's Eve, the Kitchen God will also spend the New Year with the gods on earth, and there will be ceremonies of "receiving the kitchen" and "receiving the gods" on that day. So as the saying goes, "Go on the 23rd and come on the 15th of the first month". At the booth selling New Year pictures at the end of the year, there is also a portrait of Kitchen God for sale, which is convenient for posting at the ceremony of "taking over the kitchen". The kitchen god in the image is a handsome guy, so there is a saying in northern China that "men don't Yue Bai, women don't sacrifice the kitchen stove", which means that men and women don't give and receive. In some places, there is no such thing as a kitchen god and grandma kitchen king.

Step 3 steam steamed buns

After the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, every household is busy steaming steamed buns. The whole family steamed flowers and touched them, and all the neighbors came to help. This is an excellent opportunity to show women's dexterity. Steamed bread is a handicraft. Flower ink can be divided into two types: worshipping God and visiting relatives. The former is solemn, the latter is fancy. Especially to make a jujube hill for Kitchen God.

Step 4 clean the dust

After twenty-three, there are only six or seven days left before the Spring Festival, and the preparations for the Spring Festival are even more enthusiastic. At this time, we should be prepared to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new, so every household should thoroughly clean the room, commonly known as' general cleaning'. Sweep the dust ",sweep the dust under boxes, cabinets and kang mats, paint walls, scrub glass and paste window grilles. There are two folk songs in Shanxi, one of which is: "Twenty-three. Send the master to heaven; Twenty-four, sweeping the house; Twenty-five, steamed dumplings; Twenty-six, cut meat; Twenty-seven, tin cleaner; Twenty-eight, avoid restraint; Twenty-nine, washing feet; On the 30th, the door gods and couplets were pasted together. "It shows that time is tight and preparation is tight. The second song is a nursery rhyme: "Twenty-three, sacrifice the stove, the children clap their hands and laugh." "In five or six days, the New Year is coming. Bad box, playing with walnuts, losing two shots. When Wu Zixu ping-pong rings, the fire rises higher than the sky. " It tells the children's psychology of looking forward to a lively New Year.