Information about the Founding Ceremony of the People's Republic of China

An unforgettable mass parade

After the entire military parade ended, the mass march began. Groups of people were all eager to go to the gate tower and see their sincerely beloved Chairman Mao. It soon became dark, and the lights above Tiananmen Square suddenly illuminated. There was a string of red-orange lights on the top, and there seemed to be three pink-cyan electric rainbow lights below. Together with the huge searchlights, the lights shone on the whole place. , like a wave. Fireworks were set off in three places near Tiananmen Square, with colorful fireworks rising one after another. The paper lanterns and gauze lanterns held by the masses were also lit, and the square was a sea of ??lights.

It wasn’t until after eight o’clock that a team of seven or eight thousand people from the North China Revolutionary University took action behind North China University. The team slowly approached the Jinshui Bridge, and only heard the sounds of "Long live" and "Long live" coming from the loudspeaker on the tower. Only then did they realize that it was Chairman Mao responding to the cheers of the BGI students. We followed the Jinshui Bridge and shouted "Long live Chairman Mao" loudly. Only then did we see Chairman Mao's burly body in front of the big palace lantern on the tower. He was not wearing a hat, waving his hands and shouting "Long live" in a Hunan accent. , and sometimes shouted "Long live comrades". At this time, we all felt that Chairman Mao had seen us, and shouted slogans even more vigorously, and our blood almost boiled. We also saw Comrade Shaoqi and the female comrade beside him. We guessed it must be Vice Chairman Soong Ching Ling. We raised our hands to the top of our heads and applauded, and the leaders on the rostrum also applauded. The people's leaders really connected with us. The military parade lasted more than two hours, and there were more than 16,000 troops under review.

Next came the mass demonstration. Workers were at the front of the parade, followed closely by farmers from the suburbs of Beijing. Behind them was a parade of government officials and young students.

At 9:25 pm, countless colorful fireworks were launched around the square. The soldiers and civilians in the capital sang and danced to celebrate the first night of the People's Republic of China.

The founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China announced the birth of the Republic of China! It announced the rebirth of the Chinese nation!

September 2

The founding ceremony is scheduled for October 10 At 3 pm on January 1, the main consideration was to prevent enemy aircraft from making long-distance attacks. According to the rules of long-distance flight attacks by enemy aircraft, they usually took off in the morning and basically stayed still in the afternoon. At that time, the North China Military Region had already deployed orderly anti-aircraft artillery groups near and far around Beijing and was ready. The young People's Air Force has also made first-level combat preparations and arranged for fighter jets to patrol the skies over Beijing at that time.

The commander-in-chief of the military parade, Nie Rongzhen, issued a fatal order to the troops being reviewed: In the event of an air raid, they must not move, not even with a knife!

Everything is ready. The date of the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China was kept secret until around 10 a.m. on October 1, when Xinhua Radio in Beijing announced it to the world via radio waves. At this time, there were only 5 hours left before the afternoon ceremony officially started.

This resulted in very few foreigners being lucky enough to attend the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China.

Soviet friends at the Founding Ceremony

The delegation of Soviet writers and artists who came to attend the Founding Ceremony of New China only arrived in Beijing by train on the morning of October 1st. Just can't catch up.

Premier Zhou Enlai, President Soong Ching Ling and Vice President Liu Shaoqi of the China-Soviet Friendship Association came to Qianmen Station to welcome him. The leader of the delegation is the famous Soviet writer and General Secretary of the Soviet Union of Writers Fadeev. The delegation also includes the famous writer Simonov and many famous artists and senior cadres. The whole delegation has about 40 people. At that time, due to limitations of the objective environment and conditions, foreign government delegations or party and government delegations could not be invited to participate. This Soviet civilian delegation, together with the Korean people's delegation already in Beijing, plus Spano, a member of the Central Committee of the Italian Communist Party who visited the liberated areas, were the only foreigners who had the honor to attend the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China.

According to Shi Zhe, who served as the translator, at noon on October 2 or 3 after the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China, Mao Zedong received all members of the delegation of Soviet literary artists at the Qinzheng Hall in Zhongnanhai. This should be regarded as the first foreign delegation Mao Zedong received after the founding of New China.

Mao Zedong gave a long and wonderful speech, and the meeting lasted for two hours. In Shi Zhe's memoirs, Mao Zedong's speech was described as follows:

Mao Zedong said: One of China's advantages is that it has a good neighbor like the Soviet Union, so China is not alone. ...

His speech was lively and vivid, which made many people in the delegation shed tears excitedly when they heard the emotional part. Shi Zhe described it as "a rare touching scene."

An American colonel secretly photographed the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China

Why did an American colonel suddenly appear to be filming the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China? The public security department suggested arresting him or confiscating his film, and the commander-in-chief Nie Rongzhen had to ask Mao Zedong for instructions.

Mao Zedong solemnly declared to the world into the microphone on the Tiananmen Gate Tower: The Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China has been established!

When the founding ceremony of the Central People's Government, the first part of the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China, was in progress, the public security officers responsible for guarding and protecting the security of the founding ceremony discovered something unusual: an American officer in military uniform was standing in front of the former U.S. Photography was frequently taken near the wall of the Consulate General in Peiping.

The public security personnel immediately made an emergency report to the headquarters. The command center located in the yellow room below Tiananmen Gate received the report and quickly found out the identity of the American soldier: This man was Colonel David Bower, the former military attache of the U.S. Consulate General in Peiping, and a China expert. This person once led the US military observation team to Yan'an as the team leader in the late Anti-Japanese War, had contacts with Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, and Ye Jianying, and had a friendly attitude towards our party and army.

Considering these complicated situations, the command center did not dare to decide to take safety action against the illegal photographer, so it immediately used an emergency phone to report to Commander-in-Chief Nie Rongzhen on the Tiananmen Gate Tower.

Nie Rongzhen answered the phone and felt that this involved diplomatic matters and he needed to consult Mao Zedong. Nie Rongzhen approached Mao Zedong who was standing by the railing in front of the tower and reported the situation simply, clearly and in a low voice.

After hearing this, Mao Zedong said: "Oh, it's Colonel Bao, I know him."

Nie Rongzhen asked in a low voice: "Can he take photos of the military parade at will? His photo will be confiscated Film."

Mao Zedong still looked at the crowd of cheering people in the square, thought for a moment, and said: "This is not good. Let him take the photo, let him take it. We are doing it publicly. Be a volunteer propagandist for us."

In fact, on September 30, the day before the founding ceremony, Ruide Bao had already gone to Tiananmen Square to take some photos. One of them is a huge portrait of Mao Zedong taken from the front of Tiananmen Square. It is said that this photo was later published by newspapers in the United States, but the careful Bao Ruide discovered: How could this photo be any different from the portrait of Mao Zedong on the front of Tiananmen Square on October 1st and later at the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China?

This is of course something that Ruide Bao cannot figure out. It turned out that in the early morning of October 1, when Zhou En came to Tiananmen for inspection, he discovered that the portrait of Mao Zedong hanging high in the middle of the tower was enlarged and drawn based on a photo selected by Mao Zedong himself. This is a photo that is very familiar to the people in the liberated areas. When the famous painter Zhou Lingzhao painted it, he left a white border more than two feet wide below the portrait, and Mao Zedong's personal inscription: "Victory of the People" was written underneath.

When Zhou Enlai accepted it, he felt that the chairman would not be so immodest and even wrote an inscription for himself, so he ordered these words to be painted out as soon as possible.

The photo taken by Ruide Bao on September 30 has become a unique and out-of-print photo.

The film of the Founding Ceremony of the People's Republic of China was burned in a fire

A Soviet photographer accidentally burned the documentary film of the Founding Ceremony of the People's Republic of China. After returning to the country, he was severely punished by Stalin and was sent to Siberia. .

These are a few Soviets with yellow hair and blue eyes.

They were free to take photos of everyone on the Tiananmen Rostrum. People noticed that even the top leaders of the central government, such as Mao Zedong and Zhu De, allowed them to film as they pleased and even cooperated with their instructions. On the ground, there is also a small Jeep to assist them. A special high platform was set up for them on the east side of Tiananmen Square with the widest view.

The command headquarters learned that they were filming a color film. At that time, almost no one in the headquarters had seen any color movies, and they all thought it was very mysterious.

This is a documentary cinematographer sent by Stalin. That was proposed enthusiastically by Stalin when Liu Shaoqi visited Moscow. This time they were filming the founding ceremony of New China, and the owner made an exception to provide various convenient shooting conditions.

They were very energetic and ran up and down. On the day of the Founding Ceremony, they kept the camera on from beginning to end, and the machine made a continuous and even clicking sound. They took photos from Mao Zedong's speech, raising the national flag, military parade, and parade until the colorful fireworks flashed in the night sky. Then they happily returned to the greenery of Donghuamen Street where they were staying, holding dozens of heavy film boxes. In Mingzhuang Hotel. This hotel was the guest house of the Central Organization Department of the Communist Party of China in the early days of the liberation of Peiping. Their precious negatives are piled in a hotel room.

Film is flammable, but a few days after the founding ceremony of the People’s Republic of China, a fire broke out in the room where the films were stacked!

Almost all the dozens of films were burned and turned into smoke. The few films I managed to snatch out were in such shreds that they could no longer be used. These young people stamped their feet and cried bitterly in front of the hotel.

Oh my God! There can only be one founding ceremony...

It is said that they were severely reprimanded and punished by Stalin after returning to the country and were sent to Siberia.

Zhou Enlai heard that the negatives had been burned. After saying "Ah", he was so uncomfortable that he remained silent for several minutes.

The only thing I feel lucky is that our own photographers who came from Yan'an and experienced the test of war shot a black and white documentary, which preserved the precious scenes of the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China.

Then, Stalin sent another famous director Gerasimov to reshoot. Zhou Enlai learned a lesson and asked Chinese film workers to co-produce with the Soviets. The General Political Department sent Huang Zhen, who understood art. The general served as a consultant. This was the large-scale documentary "Liberated China" co-produced by China and the Soviet Union.

The film won the Stalin Medal.

28 cannon blasts were fired at the Founding Ceremony

When the bright five-star red flag was raised for the first time in Tiananmen Square, 300,000 people in the square took off their hats and stood in silence, raising their heads to pay homage to the five-star red flag.

At this time, the earth shook and the artillery group roared 28 times in unison. The sound of the salute was like the thunder of spring, reverberating in the sky, shaking everyone's heart, and further bringing the great, solemn, and united atmosphere of the founding ceremony to a climax. The salute team at the Founding Ceremony came from a heroic army.

On August 1, 1949, Nie Rongzhen, on behalf of the Central Military Commission, awarded them the first August 1st Army Flag. When some foreign countries hold celebrations, they usually fire a 21-gun salute, which is the highest etiquette. Why do we need to ring 28 bells at the Founding Ceremony of the People’s Republic of China?

This was first proposed by Mao Zedong. At a session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, a representative questioned: "In foreign countries, the highest etiquette is 21 bells, why should we ring 28 bells?" No one responded at the time.

During the break of the meeting, Mao Zedong saw Tang Yongjian, the director of the Training Division of the North China Military Region who was responsible for the preparations for the founding ceremony. The topic quickly turned to the issue of the salute of the founding ceremony. Mao Zedong asked Xiao Tang: "You said, let 28 Does the sound make sense?"

Tang Yongjian was a talented and knowledgeable man. He immediately understood Mao Zedong's intention and immediately said: "Chairman, let me draft an explanation about the 28-gun salute. ”

Mao Zedong smiled and acquiesced. Soon, a concise and concise 28-ring explanatory report was handed over. It was just 28 years from the birth of the Communist Party of China in 1921 to 1949. The 28-gun salute is a tribute to the 28 years of party history. Isn’t this extremely reasonable? After Mao Zedong saw the report, he signed his name in pencil on it.

At the Founding Ceremony, the salute team consisted of 108 mountain cannons, divided into two groups, one for loading and one for firing. They took turns operating to shorten the interval between each blast. Therefore, people still call it the 54-gun salute.

The 108 salute guns were arranged in a line, with their backs against Tiananmen Square and an ancient wall, near the front door. Within two and a half minutes, all 28 headless cannons were launched into the air.

When the salute was fired, Liu Jia, the head of the cultural troupe of the North China Military Region, who was standing on the viewing platform, and several representatives around him counted the salutes with great interest. Forty years later, he said that there were not enough 28 shots, and sometimes the distance between the two rounds was very far, so there were missed shots.

Gao Cunxin, the commander of the special forces in charge of organizing the gun salute, said that there is absolutely no chance that the gun will miss the sound, and there will definitely be blind guns, but it is impossible for two shells to be mute at the same time.

The salute team members are very proud because people all over China and the world have heard their cry on behalf of New China.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, most of the mountain cannons fired at the founding ceremony were destroyed, and two of them were collected in the Chinese Revolution Museum as cultural relics for display.

26 aircraft at the founding ceremony

On October 1, 1949, young pilot Wang Yanzhou flew to participate in the founding ceremony and witnessed with his own eyes the arrival of a new era. On the eve of the National Day in 2005, the 85-year-old Wang Yanzhou recalled the National Day 56 years ago and was still excited: "We represented the Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force to participate in the military parade at the founding ceremony."

Wang Yanzhou's Early Years He studied at the Whampoa Military Academy and later learned to fly in the United States. During the Anti-Japanese War, he shot down 5 Japanese aircraft and is one of the few Chinese "ace pilots" still alive today.

Listen to Chairman Mao’s voice in the cockpit

The founding ceremony officially started at 3 pm. When Chairman Mao Zedong read the proclamation of the Central People’s Government of the People’s Republic of China, Wang Yanzhou and His teammates are on standby at Nanyuan Airport on the outskirts of Beijing. "I just turned on the radio in the cockpit of the plane and heard Chairman Mao's voice announcing the founding of the People's Republic of China. 56 years later, this voice still lingers in my mind, just like I heard it just now. "

At 4 o'clock in the afternoon, You Jiang, the person in charge of the general command office of the Tiananmen Gate Tower, issued the take-off order. 17 aircraft saw the green flare roaring into the sky and hovered over Beijing on standby.

A formation of 5 types of aircraft flew over Tiananmen

Among the 17 aircraft, 9 were P-51 fighters, 2 were Mosquito fighters, and 3 were C-46 Among the transport aircraft, one is an L-5 communication aircraft, and the last two are PT-19 primary trainer aircraft. The 17 aircraft will form a column to follow up and pass over Tiananmen Square, echoing the tank formation on the ground.

"There are 17 aircraft of 5 types, and the flying speeds vary greatly. The speed of the two fighter jets is 600 kilometers per hour, and the speed of the L-5 communication liaison aircraft and the PT-19 primary trainer aircraft is less than 200 kilometers per hour. Kilometers. But the superiors required that when passing through Tiananmen, the queue must be neat and every second is accurate, which is really difficult.”

After repeated exploration and precise calculations, the flight team decided to take off in order of small ones and then big ones. Slow at first and then fast, and at the same time, 3 different route entry points were specifically selected: fighter jets are the fastest, entering from Tongxian; transport aircraft are medium-speed, entering between Jianguomen and Tongxian; the remaining aircraft enter from the east side of Jianguomen Enter. Although it is very difficult, after many times of joint training, we can guarantee that nothing will go wrong during the founding ceremony.

At 4:35 p.m., the parade officially began. “When I flew over Tiananmen Square, there was really a sea of ??red flags below. Until now, I have a special feeling for this bright red. "

***17 aircraft were reviewed at the Founding Ceremony

After the nine leading fighter jets flew over Tiananmen, Youjiang issued an order again: "Nine P-51s will pass again. Tiananmen once." The captain flew over Tiananmen for the second time according to the original plan of one go-around.

"From a time point of view, when we passed Tiananmen again, we happened to be following the L-5 and PT-19 aircraft led by Fang Huai, and the cooperation was just right. Later, many people thought that the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China was celebrated There are 26 planes, but the last nine are actually repeated flights," Wang Yanzhou said happily with a smile on his face.

Movie Founding Ceremony

Movie information

Title: Founding Ceremony

Starring: Gu Yue, Sun Feihu, Huang Kai, Shao Honglai, Liu Huaizheng, Guo Fazeng

Type: War film

Region: Mainland

Video introduction

At the end of 1948, Chairman Mao and the Party Central Committee were in Hebei Xibaipo Village of the province commanded three world-famous battles. On New Year's Eve, the villagers of liberated Xibaipo celebrated their victory. Chairman Mao, Zhu De, Liu Shaoqi and other leaders came to the villagers. At this time, a Christmas Eve banquet was being held at Chiang Kai-shek's official residence. The Kuomintang officials listened numbly to Zhang Qun's reading of Chiang Kai-shek's "New Year's Proclamation." Our army continued to win in the three major battles, and the Kuomintang army suffered successive setbacks. Forced by the situation, Chiang Kai-shek introduced Li Zongren as acting president. In order to protect the ancient city of Peiping, Chairman Mao and the Party Central Committee have done many things for the Kuomintang general Fu Zuoyi, hoping that he would lead an uprising and peacefully liberate Peiping. After a lot of work, Fu Zuoyi finally understood the situation and complied with public opinion. Chiang Kai-shek announced his resignation and flew away from Nanjing sadly. But he completely abandoned Li Zongren and made arrangements for important documents and personnel. Mikoyan, the special envoy sent by Stalin, secretly visited China and was warmly welcomed by Chairman Mao and other central leaders. One month later, the Third Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Xibaipo. After our party and government organs moved to Peking, Chiang Kai-shek became even more uneasy. After being awakened by a nightmare, Chiang Kai-shek was told that a military parade was being held in Peiping. Then Zhou Enlai and Zhang Zhizhong started the Kuomintang peace talks, with little progress. Chairman Mao issued an order to march across the country, and started the cross-river battle. A million-strong army crossed the natural barrier of the Yangtze River. Nanjing was liberated and the People's Liberation Army occupied the Presidential Palace. Deng Xiaoping and Chen Yi entered Nanjing and formulated the "Code for Entering the City". Chiang Kai-shek bid farewell to his mother's tomb for the last time, and the family boarded the Taikang and quietly left the mainland. After entering Peiping, Chairman Mao met with the uprising general Cheng Qian in Zhongnanhai, and also received fellow villagers from Hunan, making final preparations for the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China. On September 30, Chairman Mao and other national leaders laid the foundation stone for the Monument to the People’s Heroes at Tiananmen Square. At 3 o'clock in the afternoon on October 1, Chairman Mao solemnly declared to the world amidst the sacred salute: The People's Republic of China and the Central People's Government were established! People cheered thunderously, and the whole square was boiling.

The film won the 1989 and 1990 Excellent Film Awards from the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television in 1991; the 10th China Golden Rooster Awards in 1990 for Best Feature Film, Best Director, Best Supporting Actor (Sun Feihu), and Best Screenwriter Award, Best Editing Award (Wu Fanghai); in 1990, the 13th Popular Film Hundred Flowers Award for Best Feature Film Award, Best Actor Award (Gu Yue), and Best Supporting Actor Award (Sun Feihu).

Oil Painting Founding Ceremony

"Founding Ceremony" depicts the grand occasion of the Tiananmen National Day Ceremony when the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China was established on October 1, 1949. The scene was grand and festive, with Mao Zedong and other central leaders in high spirits and extraordinary bearing. The blue sky and white clouds, the wind and the sun are beautiful, the square is open, the red flag is like a sea, and the Tiananmen Gate Tower is magnificent.

In his rigorous realistic depiction, the painter drew on the expression techniques of folk art and traditional fine brushwork and heavy colors. The author creates a strong contrast between the blue sky and carpets, red pillars, red lanterns and red flags, etc., and adds to the festive atmosphere of the festival. In the depiction of realistic techniques, the painter also carried out bold artistic processing. For example, the processing of perspective and light and shadow did not strictly follow the sketch requirements in Western realistic paintings. A pillar was subtracted from the right side of the picture. These are all In order to adapt to and strengthen the theme and overall needs of the picture, it is also suitable for the aesthetic taste of the vast number of Chinese readers. It should also be mentioned that these works have a strong decorative lyricism. Some critics think it is a "monumental large-scale historical painting with rich decorative meaning."

The author Dong Xiwen (1914-1973) was a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang. He studied in the Western Painting Department of Suzhou Fine Arts College and Hangzhou Fine Arts College. In 1939, he went to France to study and later returned to China. In 1943, he went to the Northwest Dunhuang Art Research Institute and devoted himself to the research of Dunhuang murals. Later he served as a professor at the Central Academy of Fine Arts. He has also created thematic paintings such as "Spring Arrives in Tibet", "Kazakh Shepherdess", "Miao Girls Going to the Market", and "Millions of Troops Crossing the River". In his realistic oil paintings, he absorbed the nutrition of traditional Chinese art, such as bright and loud colors, certain decorative meanings, etc., which all reflect the spirit and aesthetic ideal of Chinese art.

"The Founding Ceremony" has always been hailed as "the artistic testimony of the founding of the People's Republic of China". It is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people and embodies the patriotic sentiments of generations of builders of New China...

In early 1951, following the instructions of the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee and the Ministry of Culture, the Chinese Revolution Museum began to prepare for the 30th anniversary painting exhibition of the founding of the Party. The specific implementation was organized and implemented by Cai Ruohong, Jiang Feng, and Chao Wen, leaders of the China Artists Association and the Central Academy of Fine Arts. The participating artists are dozens of well-known painters from Beijing and East China. Within a few months, these talented painters produced nearly a hundred paintings for the exhibition.

This is a great event in the history of New China’s art. The fine works of various princes in the painting world not only aroused people’s enthusiasm in this exhibition, but many of their works have been collected by the Chinese Revolution Museum. Even later, some works won a place in the history of Chinese art. Such as "Tunnel Warfare", "Chairman Mao's Yan'an Rectification", "Capture of Luding Bridge" and so on.

Later, in the summary, everyone agreed that there were many good works, but they were not enough to reflect the atmosphere of the founding of the People's Republic of China.

No one could have predicted it at the time. This conclusion paved the way for the birth of the historical masterpiece "The Founding Ceremony".

Li Rencai, a researcher at the Chinese Revolution Museum, told the author: "As a painting about party history collected by a national museum, it is obviously inappropriate to not have a single masterpiece showing the founding of the People's Republic of China. "At that time, the exhibition hall of the Revolution Museum really needed such a good work."

In 1952, the China Revolution Museum decided to commission the Central Academy of Fine Arts to organize a giant oil painting: "The Founding Ceremony."

Walking into the art palace of Chinese art history, it is not difficult to find that from the Shang and Zhou dynasties to the unification of Qin, from the founding of the Tang Dynasty to the entry of the Qing army - they cannot be found at the beginning of each dynasty in Chinese history. There are historical paintings about the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China that have been passed down to this day, but to create a giant oil painting of the founding ceremony of the New China, how bold it must be!

The Central Academy of Fine Arts assigned this arduous task to Dong Xiwen, a 37-year-old young painter and well-known professor at the Academy.

Having painted portraits of leaders and heroes several times, and participated in the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China, he is "well-deserved" to write the painting

It should be said that this is a fair choice, and it is also a historical choice. .

Dong Xiwen has long been well-known in the art world, and his paintings have been praised many times by famous painters such as Xu Beihong and Ai Zhongxin.

Dong Xiwen was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. After graduating from the Hangzhou Art College, he went to Hunan and Hanoi, Vietnam for further study. He then went to the southwest, west and northwest regions of my country to study and create. He once copied murals in Dunhuang for three years. Long. His sketching and oil painting skills are well-known among his peers.

In early 1949, after Peiping was liberated, Dong Xiwen created the gouache painting "Beiping Entering the City".

Although it is unclear whether the success of "Beiping Entering the City" is related to the naming of Dong Xiwen as the author of "The Founding Ceremony", Dong Xiwen is indeed well-known in the industry for his ability to create revolutionary themes and figure paintings.

At that time, Dong Xiwen took this sketch and consulted many painters, such as Xu Beihong, Ai Zhongxin, Jiang Feng, Wu Zuoren, Luo Gongliu, etc.

It is worth mentioning that Dong Xiwen’s creative breakthroughs can be seen from the sketches. The first one is a sketch in which, except for Chairman Mao standing sideways near the middle, all other leaders are standing in the left third of the picture, and on the right are the people in the square. This layout of a huge difference between the solid left and the right imaginary follows the general composition rules. It seems to be out of balance. The other is that according to normal visual rules, there should be a big red pillar of the Tiananmen Gate Tower on the right front side of Chairman Mao.

Colleagues in the art world were surprised by Dong Xiwen’s bold composition idea and expressed their appreciation. They believed that the first breakthrough made the leaders and the people in the square more vivid, one real and one virtual, one close and one far, one less and one less. Multiple contrast effects can better highlight the festive atmosphere. The second breakthrough, which everyone thinks is extremely bold, is to "remove" this pillar and the square will look more open. On the contrary, if this pillar is painted, it will look cumbersome.

For the sake of stability, Dong Xiwen also consulted several architects, and everyone expressed their understanding and agreement. The famous architect Liang Sicheng commented: "There is a pillar on the right side of the picture that is not painted... This is a big mistake in architecture, but it is a big success in painting art."

Very Quickly, Dong Xiwen devoted himself to the actual painting creation of "The Founding Ceremony".

Two months later, the giant oil painting "Founding Ceremony" was completed.

"The Founding Ceremony" aroused great repercussions and set off the artistic trend of "Oil Painting Chinese Style"

After the completion of "The Founding Ceremony", it was collected in the exhibition hall of the Chinese Revolution Museum.

The painter Ai Zhongxin once made the following analysis: "From composition to color, from characters to scenes, its style is enough to reflect the demeanor of a great country. Dong Xiwen handled the main characters in less than half of the frame The left side of the painting is not only the boldness of the technique, but also the important thing is that he understands the overall picture of the composition... The large colors of "The Founding Ceremony" are easy to understand and seem simple, but the bright red, blue and golden (tassels and chrysanthemums) ) was deliberately arranged. It depicts a solemn and warm scene on a sunny day..."

After seeing this oil painting, some well-known painters thought it was a rare thing. Excellent painting. After the Chinese Revolution Museum exhibited this painting, it caused great repercussions in the art world and society.

Xu Beihong was very excited after watching "The Founding Ceremony" and spoke highly of it. He said: "Dong Xiwen successfully completed the task and deserves a hundred points." However, he also made the second half of the evaluation based on the traditional standards of Western oil painting: "Five points should also be deducted because it lacks some characteristics of oil painting."

The "lack of some characteristics of oil painting" mentioned here means that this painting uses the techniques and styles of traditional Chinese painting to a large extent. But this is precisely what many painters consider to be the success of "The Founding Ceremony". If it were created using traditional oil painting techniques of light and color, this painting would not have such a lively atmosphere.

Ai Zhongxin said: "The main achievement of "The Founding Ceremony" in the art of oil painting is to create a new style of Chinese oil painting that is popular with the people. This is a new type of oil painting that successfully inherits the decorative style of the Tang Dynasty. The style of murals reflects the characteristics of national painting and makes oil painting develop in a national direction."

At this point, the "Chinese style of oil painting" that Dong Xiwen has been advocating has been launched in the painting world. "The Founding Ceremony" has undoubtedly become a model work of this theory, and this trend of thought has been influential to this day...

In 1953, the People's Daily published the oil painting "The Founding Ceremony" in an important position on the front page. Also in this year, the People's Fine Arts Publishing House printed "The Founding Ceremony" as an adult painting and distributed it nationwide, and the circulation reached a peak.