Composition mode of graphic design

Graphic design, also known as visual communication design, takes "vision" as a way of communication and expression, and creates and combines symbols, pictures and words in various ways for visual expression to convey ideas or information. The following is the composition of graphic design I have compiled. Welcome to read!

Application of elements

(A) the composition of points, lines and surfaces

Images are the external features of objects and are visible. Image includes all parts of visual elements, and all conceptual elements, such as points, lines and surfaces, also have their own images when they are seen in the picture.

Basic form in graphic design: in graphic design, it consists of a group of identical or similar images, and each unit becomes a basic form and is the smallest unit. The best composition effect can be obtained by arranging and combining according to certain composition principles.

1. Composition: In composition, due to the basic combination, there is a combination relationship between shapes, which mainly includes:

2. Separation: There is no connection between shapes and there is a certain distance.

3. Contact: The edges between shapes are just tangent.

4. Overlapping: There is an overlapping relationship between shapes, resulting in a spatial relationship of up and down, front and back, left and right.

5 transparent overlap: the transparency between shapes overlaps each other, but it does not produce the spatial relationship between the top and bottom.

6. Combination: Shape and shape are combined with each other to form a larger new shape.

7. subtraction: the shapes cover each other and the covered areas are cut off.

8. Overlapping: The shapes overlap with each other, and new shapes are generated where they overlap.

9. Coincidence: The shapes coincide with each other and become one.

(2) Gradient

Gradient is an effect I often hear about. I can experience it in nature. On the way, we will feel the gradual change of trees from near to far, from big to small.

Gradient type:

1. Shape gradient: one basic shape gradually changes to another, and the basic shape can gradually change from complete to incomplete, or from simple to complex, and from abstract to concrete.

2. Directional gradient: The basic shape can undergo directional gradient on the plane.

3. Gradient position: the gradient position of the basic shape needs a skeleton, because the part beyond the skeleton will be cut off when the basic shape changes position.

4. Gradual change in size: the gradual arrangement of basic shapes from big to small will produce a sense of distance, depth and space.

5. Color gradient: In terms of color, hue, lightness and purity can have a gradient effect, which will produce a layered aesthetic feeling.

6. Bone gradual change: refers to the regular change of bones, which changes the basic shape in shape, size and direction. The lines dividing the skeleton can be graded horizontally, vertically, diagonally, polyline and curve. The careful arrangement of gradual bone lattice will produce special visual effects, and sometimes it will produce wrong visual and motion sense.

(3) Repetition

The general concept of repetition means that the same image appears more than twice in the same design. Repetition is a common technique in design, which is used to enhance the impression, create a regular sense of rhythm and unify the picture. The so-called sameness mainly refers to the sameness in shape, color and size. Basic shape in repetition: the shape used for repetition is called basic shape, and each basic shape is a unit, and then it is designed through repetition. The basic shape is not complicated, but simple.

Repetition type:

1. Repetition of basic form: A picture composed of the same basic form in composition design is called repetition of basic form, which can be seen everywhere in daily life. For example, the windows of tall buildings.

2. Repetitive bone lattice: If the shape and area of each unit of the bone lattice are completely equal, this is a repeated bone lattice, which is a regular bone lattice and the simplest one.

3. Shape repetition: Shape is the most commonly used repeating element, and the repeated shape in the whole composition can change in size, color and so on.

4. Size repetition: Similar or identical shapes are repeated in size.

5. Color repetition: You can change the shape and size under the same color.

6. Repetition of texture: Under the same texture, the size and color can be changed.

7. Repetition of directions: Shapes have obvious and consistent directionality in composition.

(4) Approximation

Approximation refers to the similarity in shape, size, color and texture, which shows vivid changes in unity. The degree of approximation can be large or small, and if it is large, there will be a sense of repetition. A small approximation will destroy unity.

Roughly classified:

1. Shape approximation: If two images belong to the same race, their shapes are similar, just like human images.

2. Skeleton approximation: Skeleton can be approximate, not repeated, that is to say, the shape and size of skeletal cells have certain changes and are approximate.

Note: The difference between approximation and gradient is that the gradient changes regularly, and the arrangement of basic shapes is rigorous, while the approximation changes irregularly, and the basic and other visual elements change greatly and are more lively.

(5) skeleton

The skeleton grid determines the relationship between the basic shapes in composition. Sometimes, the skeleton will also become a part of the image, and different changes in the skeleton will change the overall composition.

Bones are divided into:

1. Regular skeleton: Regular skeleton has precise and rigorous skeleton lines, regular numerical relationships, and basic shapes are arranged according to the skeleton, which has a strong sense of order. There are mainly bones such as repetition, gradual change and emission.

2. Irregular skeleton: Irregular skeleton generally has no strict skeleton line, and the composition is relatively free.

3. Functional skeleton: Functional skeleton divides the basic form into the boundaries of their respective units, giving the image precise space, and the basic form can freely change its position, direction, plus or minus in the skeleton unit, even beyond the skeleton line.

4. Inactive skeleton: Inactive skeleton is conceptual. Inactive skeleton lines contribute to the arrangement and organization of basic shapes, but do not affect their shapes, nor do they divide the space into relatively independent skeleton units.

5. Duplicate skeleton: It means that the spatial units divided by skeleton lines are exactly the same in shape and size. It is the most regular skeleton, and the basic shapes are arranged in sequence according to the skeleton.

Graphic design is to combine different basic graphics into patterns on the plane according to certain rules. Mainly in two-dimensional space, the boundary between the map and the ground is divided into contours to describe the image. The sense of space shown by graphic design is not a real three-dimensional space, but an illusion space formed by the visual guidance of graphics.

(6) Launch

Emission is a common natural phenomenon, which emits the radiation of the sun. Emission has the regularity of direction, and the emission center is the most important visual focus. All the images are concentrated or scattered from the center, which sometimes causes light movement, explosion and strong visual effects.

Emission classification:

1. Launch from a central point: launch outward or inward from this center.

2. Spiral emission: the basic form of spiral has been carried out in spiral arrangement, and the basic form of spiral gradually expands to form spiral emission.

3. Concentric emission: Concentric emission is a layer-by-layer surrounding emission with the focus as the center, such as the figure of an arrow target.

(7) specificity

Specificity means that the constituent elements intentionally violate the order in the orderly relationship, making a few individual elements stand out and break the regularity.

Specific classification:

1. Specificity of shape: Among many repeated or similar basic shapes, a few special shapes appear, which form a difference contrast and become the visual focus on the screen.

2. Specificity of size: In the composition of the same basic form, only some specific comparisons are made in size, but it should be noted that the specificity of the basic form should be moderate, and the comparison should not be too wide or too similar.

3. Color specificity: in the composition of similar colors, add some contrast components to break the monotony.

4. Specificity of direction: Most basic forms are arranged in sequence with the same direction, and a few basic forms change direction to form special effects.

5. Specificity of texture: In the same texture, different texture changes are caused.

(8)

Contrast is sometimes in form, sometimes in color and texture. Contrast can produce clear, positive and strong visual effects, giving people a deep impression. Nature is full of contrast, and heaven and earth, land and sea, red flowers and green leaves are all comparative phenomena. The relations that make up the contrast include: size, light and shade, sharpness, weight and so on.

Classification of comparison:

1. Comparison of shapes: Although completely different shapes produce certain contrast, we should pay attention to the sense of unity.

2. Size contrast: the contrast formed by the different sizes of shapes and the different lengths of lines in the picture.

3. Color contrast: the contrast of color due to hue, light and shade, shade and warmth.

4. Texture contrast: the contrast of different textures, such as thickness, smoothness and uneven texture.

5. Position contrast: The graphics have different positions in the picture, such as up and down, left and right, high and low.

6. Contrast of the center of gravity: the contrast caused by the stability and instability of the center of gravity and the different sense of the center of gravity.

7. Spatial contrast: the contrast between the front and back in the plane, the bottom of the picture, the distance, and the sense before and after.

8. Contrast between reality and reality: the realistic graphics in the picture are called reality, the space is virtual, and the virtual places are mostly the bottom.

It should be noted that in the application of contrast, a unified sense of integrity is required, and all aspects of visual elements should have a certain general trend, each with its own emphasis and contrast with each other. If we compare ourselves everywhere, we can't emphasize the factors of comparison.

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