Basic knowledge of printing and prepress skills

Ha ha! ! ! ! ! ! It happens that my father is a printer! = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = Three-fold advertising standard size for graphic design: (A4)2 10mm x 285mm standard size for general brochures: (A4)2 10mm x 285mm standard size for file bags:. X 380mm national flag standard size: 8 376mm x 265mm 4 540mm x 380mm handbag: standard size: 400mm x 285mm x 80mm stationery Note: standard size:185mm x 260mm210mm x 285mm orthographic paper: 787 */kloc-0. 092mm paper: 850* 1 168mm open (positive) size 78 1 2 open 58 1*844 3 open 387*844 4 open 390*543 6 open 362*390 4 open 422 * 52. 27 1 16 folio 2 10* note: finished product size = paper size-trimming size note: finished product size = paper size-trimming size common folio size (unit: mm) folio size: 787 x 1092 folio size (elegance) X 570 8: 368 x 260 8: 285 x 420 16: 260 x 184 16: 2 10 x 285 32:184x/kloc-. 1092mm large paper: 850* 1 168mm open (positive) size unit (mm) full open 78 1* 1086 full open 844 */kl. 844 3 open 362*78 1 3 open 387 * 844 open 390*543 4 open 422*58 1 6 open 362*390 6 open 387*422 8 open 27 1*390 8 open 290 * 422/. 27 1 1 6 split 2 10*297 note: finished product size = paper size-trimming size note: finished product size = paper size-trimming size 16 split: 2 10*285 correctness:/kloc 570 positive degree: 370*540 2 opening: 570*840 positive degree: 540*740 full opening: 889* 1 194 positive degree: 787* 1092 business card horizontal version: 90 * 55mm 85 * 52. Paper unit: A. G: weight of one square meter (length * width ÷2)=g is weight B. Ling: 500 sheets of paper unit: Ling (ex-factory specification) C. ton: 1t = 1000 as usual.

2. Paper specifications and names: a. There are four most common paper specifications: (1). Plain paper: length 109.2 cm. The width is 78.7 cm (2). Large paper: length 1 19.4 cm. The width is 88.9 cm (3). B. The most common paper name: (1). Copy paper: 17g Normal specification: used for VAT printing and gift packaging, generally pure white.

(2). Typing paper: 28g orthographic specifications: used for tables, with seven colors of white, red, yellow, blue, green, light green and purple. (3). Smooth paper: 35-40g. Normal specification: glossy on one side, used for paper, forms and notes. It's low-grade printing paper.

(4). Writing paper: 50- 100g, both generous and positive, used for low-grade printed matter, with household paper as the most. (5) Double-sided tape: 60- 180g, which is both generous and positive. Used for mid-range printed matter, domestic, joint venture, common imported.

Newsprint: 55-60g drum paper, positive drawings and selected newspapers. (7). Carbonless paper: 40- 150g. It has both positive and negative degrees and direct copy function. There are three kinds of paper: upper paper, middle paper and lower paper. The upper paper, middle paper and lower paper cannot be interchanged and reused. The price of paper is different. There are seven colors, which are often used in tables.

Coated paper: A. 80-400g copper, both upright and generous, is used for high-grade printed matter. B. Single copper: used for middle and high-grade printing of cartons, cartons, handbags and medicine boxes.

(9). Asian art paper: 105-400g, used for elegant and high-grade color printing. (10). White paper with gray background: more than 200g, with gray background, used for packaging.

(1 1). White cardboard: 200g, double-sided white, used for mid-range packaging. (12). Kraft paper: 60-200g, used for packaging, cartons, file bags, file bags and envelopes.

(13). Special paper: Generally, imported paper is more common, mainly used for printing covers, decorations, handicrafts, fine products, etc. 3 Quotation formula and skills: (1). Carefully observe the strength of customers and the samples they print.

(2) Carefully measure sample specifications, paper quality and various prepress and prepress processes. (3) Calculate the cost and profit in detail with a calculator.

(4) Puns are used in the quotation, and the price is not high (meaning not higher than the psychological price of customers) and not low (meaning lower than the price of peers). (5). Bargaining refers to the reason and basis for negotiating quotation with customers.

For example, choose paper size, paper quality, domestic and imported film, printing quality, delivery time, which machine to print and other advanced and good conditions to make the other party accept your offer. Manner: sophisticated, generous, honest and responsible. Kind language: be polite and civilized, laugh before you speak, and be neither humble nor supercilious.

4 Proofreading and delivery skills: (1). Proofreading makes the other party pay attention to words, specifications, color samples, delivery time, etc. , and allow customers to approve and sign. (2) Distract customers' attention (product defects) in the delivery process, introduce them with excellent quality and problems that customers care about, so as to satisfy customers.

5. Prompt for deposit collection and payment: (1). Explain the reasons for the deposit to customers: a. Proofreading, proofing and input costs; b. Make customers sincere; c. Reject deceptive oral expressions and let customers understand the inevitability of the deposit. (2) After the goods are accepted, the customer must sign the bill (delivery note), and then provide the customer with the receipt certificate (receipt, invoice) so that the customer can fulfill the agreement or contract payment method.

It's a little unreasonable to talk more about our difficulties and less about each other and let customers not pay. If payment cannot be made for other reasons, please ask the leader of the other party to sign the word "payment" and indicate the next payment time.

6. How to deal with failures and quality problems: (1). The other party's fault should be settled peacefully according to the actual quantity and customer attitude, so that the other party can bear the expenses such as manuscript fee and printing fee as much as possible, and both parties reach an agreement through consultation.

2. prepress and printing knowledge;

Ha ha! ! ! ! ! ! It happens that my father is a printer! = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = Three-fold advertising standard size for graphic design: (A4)2 10mm x 285mm standard size for general brochures: (A4)2 10mm x 285mm standard size for file bags:. X 380mm national flag standard size: 8 376mm x 265mm 4 540mm x 380mm handbag: standard size: 400mm x 285mm x 80mm stationery Note: standard size:185mm x 260mm210mm x 285mm orthographic paper: 787 */kloc-0. 092mm paper: 850* 1 168mm open (positive) size 78 1 2 open 58 1*844 3 open 387*844 4 open 390*543 6 open 362*390 4 open 422 * 52. 27 1 16 folio 2 10* note: finished product size = paper size-trimming size note: finished product size = paper size-trimming size common folio size (unit: mm) folio size: 787 x 1092 folio size (elegance) X 570 8: 368 x 260 8: 285 x 420 16: 260 x 184 16: 2 10 x 285 32:184x/kloc-. 1092mm large paper: 850* 1 168mm open (positive) size unit (mm) full open 78 1* 1086 full open 844 */kl. 844 3 open 362*78 1 3 open 387 * 844 open 390*543 4 open 422*58 1 6 open 362*390 6 open 387*422 8 open 27 1*390 8 open 290 * 422/. 27 1 1 6 split 2 10*297 note: finished product size = paper size-trimming size note: finished product size = paper size-trimming size 16 split: 2 10*285 correctness:/kloc 570 positive degree: 370*540 2 opening: 570*840 positive degree: 540*740 full opening: 889* 1 194 positive degree: 787* 1092 business card horizontal version: 90 * 55mm 85 * 52. Paper unit: A. G: weight of one square meter (length * width ÷2)=g is weight B. Ling: 500 sheets of paper unit: Ling (ex-factory specification) C. ton: 1t = 1000 as usual.

2. Paper specifications and names: a. There are four most common paper specifications: (1). Plain paper: length 109.2 cm. The width is 78.7 cm (2). Large paper: length 1 19.4 cm. The width is 88.9 cm (3). B. The most common paper name: (1). Copy paper: 17g Normal specification: used for VAT printing and gift packaging, generally pure white.

(2). Typing paper: 28g orthographic specifications: used for tables, with seven colors of white, red, yellow, blue, green, light green and purple. (3). Smooth paper: 35-40g. Normal specification: glossy on one side, used for paper, forms and notes. It's low-grade printing paper.

(4). Writing paper: 50- 100g, both generous and positive, used for low-grade printed matter, with household paper as the most. (5) Double-sided tape: 60- 180g, which is both generous and positive. Used for mid-range printed matter, domestic, joint venture, common imported.

Newsprint: 55-60g drum paper, positive drawings and selected newspapers. (7). Carbonless paper: 40- 150g. It has both positive and negative degrees and direct copy function. There are three kinds of paper: upper paper, middle paper and lower paper. The upper paper, middle paper and lower paper cannot be interchanged and reused. The price of paper is different. There are seven colors, which are often used in tables.

Coated paper: A. 80-400g copper, both upright and generous, is used for high-grade printed matter. B. Single copper: used for middle and high-grade printing of cartons, cartons, handbags and medicine boxes.

(9). Asian art paper: 105-400g, used for elegant and high-grade color printing. (10). White paper with gray background: more than 200g, with gray background, used for packaging.

(1 1). White cardboard: 200g, double-sided white, used for mid-range packaging. (12). Kraft paper: 60-200g, used for packaging, cartons, file bags, file bags and envelopes.

(13). Special paper: Generally, imported paper is more common, mainly used for printing covers, decorations, handicrafts, fine products, etc. 3 Quotation formula and skills: (1). Carefully observe the strength of customers and the samples they print.

(2) Carefully measure sample specifications, paper quality and various prepress and prepress processes. (3) Calculate the cost and profit in detail with a calculator.

(4) Puns are used in the quotation, and the price is not high (meaning not higher than the psychological price of customers) and not low (meaning lower than the price of peers). (5). Bargaining refers to the reason and basis for negotiating quotation with customers.

For example, choose paper size, paper quality, domestic and imported film, printing quality, delivery time, which machine to print and other advanced and good conditions to make the other party accept your offer. Manner: sophisticated, generous, honest and responsible. Kind language: be polite and civilized, laugh before you speak, and be neither humble nor supercilious.

4 Proofreading and delivery skills: (1). Proofreading makes the other party pay attention to words, specifications, color samples, delivery time, etc. , and allow customers to approve and sign. (2) Distract customers' attention (product defects) in the delivery process, introduce them with excellent quality and problems that customers care about, so as to satisfy customers.

5. Prompt for deposit collection and payment: (1). Explain the reasons for the deposit to customers: a. Proofreading, proofing and input costs; b. Make customers sincere; c. Reject deceptive oral expressions and let customers understand the inevitability of the deposit. (2) After the goods are accepted, the customer must sign the bill (delivery note), and then provide the customer with the receipt certificate (receipt, invoice) so that the customer can fulfill the agreement or contract payment method.

It's a little unreasonable to talk more about our difficulties and less about each other and let customers not pay. If payment cannot be made for other reasons, please ask the leader of the other party to sign the word "payment" and indicate the next payment time.

6. How to deal with failures and quality problems: (1). The fault of the other party shall be settled peacefully according to the actual quantity and customer attitude, and the other party shall bear the expenses such as manuscript fee and printing fee as much as possible until the two parties reach an understanding through consultation. (2) In order to make the other party accept our fault, we will give it away at a reduced price.

3. Printing production, design process and prepress common sense

The general workflow is

1. Start receiving customer documents, and check whether there is any problem with the documents and whether they can be output (such as missing fonts or connection diagrams).

2. Need to know how many colors are printed on the customer's products (if a customer file is 6 colors, but he wants to print 4 colors). If you want to change the printing color, you must process the document and modify the color according to the customer's requirements.

3. Process the document according to the output requirements. As for how to deal with it, it takes up a lot of space ...

The main point is that the document must be in CMYK mode. Black characters must be single black, and white characters cannot be overprinted. If it is possible to show white, it is necessary to add strokes and overprint. Picture mode cannot be RGB. If there is a gradient, it should not be too low (for example, 5% black). Don't do any "destructive operations" on PSD format pictures, such as rotating, mirroring, tilting, etc. , easy to go wrong. All lines or strokes should not be less than 0.25pt(0. 1mm), otherwise it will not be printed. The bleeding of the pit box is about 5mm, and the paper jam is about 3 mm.

There are many ... learn by yourself.

4. After the document is made, typeset and output the film according to the order quantity. A small number of small editions are generally opened, which saves paper and is convenient for printing machine adjustment. You'd better know what paper is in the warehouse before typesetting. Then you need to know what paper your document is printed on, and whether it is printed on both sides. For example, chalk paper can't reflect itself.

After the film comes out, we should check it carefully to make sure it is correct.

4. Basic knowledge of printing

At least 0.27 yuan/day, you can open a member of Baidu Library. In Library > Original Publisher: pannianqun 1223 Introduction to printing basics: Advertising design is a visual art, and many things should be expressed intuitively. As a designer, you must also know the knowledge of printing and technology and the whole printing quality.

Pre-press operation refers to the preliminary work of printing process, including typesetting and imposition, color separation and scanning. The importance of its work mainly lies in mastering the software used by the computer in prepress operation, being familiar with the basic workflow of printing technology and having good graphics and image processing ability.

At present, there is a serious problem in prepress operation in China: prepress operators are basically not printing professionals; Students in printing colleges basically don't know much about prepress work. This has caused a contradiction: how to deal with the combination of desktop system operation and printing professional technology.

For designers who want to transfer from computer graphic design industry to prepress work, the first task is to master printing professional knowledge at all costs after contacting prepress work, otherwise it is very likely that they will not be able to carry out their work. Section 1 printing classification and technology 1. Printing is generally divided into: 1, letterpress printing: resin printing, carton printing, movable type printing and engraving printing, which are mostly used for monochrome books, stationery, cartons, extra-large posters and advertisements. 2. Lithography (offset printing): the most popular paper, film and pre-transfer printing at present.

3. Gravure printing: the printing level is the best, but the plate making is too expensive. 4, screen printing (stencil printing), the most common is screen printing; Mostly used for cloth, leather, toys, glass and surface treatment of local UV, matte, flash and so on.

5. Others: hot stamping, transfer printing, pad printing (mainly screen printing and relief printing), watermark printing (relief printing, large-size printing, such as large posters). Second, the printing process 1, computer graphic design (documents, such as AI, PDF, CDR, etc. ), proofing confirmation.

2, the film (draft.

5. Printing knowledge (prepress processing)

1. According to the format of the pictures sent by customers, half of them can bleed directly in Adobe Photoshop.

2. Bite: refers to the position where the paper is clamped by the paper feeding device of the printing machine when the printing machine is conveying the paper. This is the part that printing ink can't be colored, which is generally controlled between 7mm- 15mm, so the non-printing area of the occlusal part must be deducted when calculating the actual printing area.

When a piece of paper is placed in front of you, turning left and right is rotation, and turning back and forth is big turn, also called rolling.

4. Yes, it has something to do with the way of copying, the number of pages, and the number of pages on a page.

You just said folding, I don't know what you want to know. Let me tell you some folding methods: folding depends on whether you need 8p or 16p. Generally speaking, 8p is mostly wireless binding, and 16p is mostly sewing binding (large photo album). The P number of picture albums and books is generally a multiple of 4, so when we make folding samples, it is often enough to make one (main sticker) or two (special stickers). I once saw a wide company make a 100 p album, which used a lot of a4 paper and folded the page numbers. This is wasteful and unnecessary. When folding normally, remember that no matter how you fold, the lower right corner is the first page. Binding. Generally, it is divided into horse-riding binding, flat binding, sewing binding and wireless binding. Our common magazines are bound by horse riding; Thread-bound books and thread-bound books belong to paperback; Most large-scale picture books are bound by sewing thread, which is relatively firm, but the binding speed is slow; Wireless binding is often used in high-grade small picture books, and books that are too thick are easy to degum after repeated folding.

6. Imposition: We don't always do 16K, 8K, etc. In our work, especially the packing box and the small card (certificate) are often incompatible. At this time, it is necessary to pay attention to putting the finished products in the appropriate paper opening range as far as possible during imposition to save costs.

Hehe, there is still a lot of knowledge about imposition in printing. I'm adding something I don't understand!

6. Printing knowledge

The traditional representation of printed matter conceals the connotation of technological innovation: traditional printed matter and traditional printing technology.

A book, a picture album and a paper box may be of high or low quality compared with the past, but it is still a traditional printed matter, and there is no difference. However, in the past, it was hard to escape the smelting of "lead and fire", but now it is easy to click on the computer from your fingertips. Therefore.

Although printing is still a traditional form, the traditional technology used in production has long been replaced, and the production efficiency has been greatly improved. Therefore, behind the traditional printed matter with unchanged appearance, there are a lot of technological innovations, many of which have been completely transformed in prepress and prepress process.

Let's learn about the printing industry first: 1. What are our main printing methods at present? (1) offset printing (widely used in China, with stable quality and technology, such as newspapers, books, packaging, PVC, stickers, etc.) (2) gravure printing (high-quality and large-volume printed products such as cigarette labels, wine labels, instant noodle pockets, sugar paper, etc.) (3) screen printing (according to printing characteristics, the number that can be printed is very small, and printing ink is used. (4) Flexo printing (printing and packaging, substrate materials are relatively extensive! It has unique advantages for plastic products and corrugated boxes. (5) Ink-jet printing (used to be mainly used for ink-jet printing of anti-counterfeiting bar codes, but now it can also perform well for relatively fine printed matter, especially for the short edition market, the biggest development is the use of digital proofing. In addition, the print format can be almost unlimited! The application in the market has a relatively stable market) (6) Transfer printing (the principle is like hot stamping, and the shapes of substrates that can be printed are also diverse, such as the printing of toothpaste skin, which is faster than screen printing! (7) DIgital printing (the most representative ones are Di series of Heidelberg, DICO Yu and HPINDIGO； of Roland; Some of Xerox's products (inkjet printing is often classified into this category) have the characteristics of short printing preparation time, which has unique advantages for batch print.

The market trend is of course self-evident), in fact, there are many other printing, but all of them can produce some special effects in printing, such as lithograph printing, and printing Chinese paintings on rice paper can have a good artistic effect! Offset printing: 2. What are our common printed materials? Classification of printed matter (by final product): (1) Office category: refers to office-related printed matter such as stationery, envelopes and office forms. (2) Publicity category: refers to a series of printed materials such as VI manuals, posters, leaflets, promotional samples, product manuals, desk calendars, calendars, invitations, hand-held paper bags and so on related to enterprise publicity or product promotion.

(3) Production category: refers to large quantities of printed matter directly related to product production, such as packaging boxes and self-adhesive labels. 3. What is the workflow of printed matter? Printing process: (1) prepress refers to prepress work, which generally refers to photography, design, production, typesetting, film production, etc. (2) Printing refers to the process of printing finished products through a printing machine in the middle stage of printing; (3) Post-printing refers to the post-printing work, which generally refers to the post-processing of printed matter, including cutting, laminating, die-cutting, bagging and mounting. , mainly used for publicity and packaging printed matter.

4. What are the main printing related equipments at present? (1) prepress equipment: film printer, proofing machine, computer, color inkjet printer, laser scanner, etc. (2) Printing equipment: roller press: printing newspapers, books, magazines and picture books, made in China and imported; According to the size of printing format, it can be divided into full-open printing machine, counter starter, four starter and eight starter; According to the printing color number of the printing machine, it can be divided into monochrome printing machine, two-color printing machine and four-color printing machine.

Printing equipment is divided into manual operation, mechanical operation and computer automatic operation equipment. (3) Post-press equipment: some post-press processing equipment such as pagination machine, paper cutter, bronzing machine, embossing machine, die cutter, coding machine, laminating machine and binding machine.

(4) Other printing equipment: self-adhesive printing professional machine, computer-specific sheet-fed printing machine, business card special machine, rapid printing machine, copier, packaging, carton printing machine, etc. 5. What are the mainstream printing equipments in the domestic printing industry? Take four-color printing as an example: Heidelberg (Bakai country of origin: Germany), Gaobao (Fang Kai country of origin: Germany), Komori (Japan country of origin: Japan), Liang Ming (Case country of origin: Japan) and Roland (Germany country of origin: Shanghai country of origin). Among them, European and American printing press manufacturers rely on their cutting-edge product technology, comprehensive printing solutions and excellent services.

6. What is four-color printing? (1) What is four-color printing? Four-color printing process generally refers to the printing process that uses yellow, magenta, cyan ink and black ink to copy the color of color original. (2) What is spot color printing? Spot color printing refers to the use of yellow, magenta and cyan.

The printing process of using four-color black ink and copying the original color with other colors of ink. Spot color printing technology is often used in packaging printing to print a large area of background color.

(3) What products must adopt four-color printing process? Because of technical requirements or economic benefits, color photographs that reflect the richness of nature, artists' colorful works of art or other pictures with many different colors must be scanned and separated by electronic extension or color desktop system, and then copied by four-color printing process. 7. What do you know about printing paper? (1) unit of paper: a.g: weight of one square meter of paper; B order: 500 sheets of paper (factory specifications); C. Ton: 65,438+0 ton = 65,438+0,000 kg is used to calculate the paper price as usual.

(2) Paper specifications and names A. There are four most common specifications of paper: ① Positive paper: length 1092 mm, width 787mm；; ② Large paper: length 1 194 mm, width 889mm；; (3) Carbonless copy paper: There are generous specifications on the front, but there are upper paper, middle paper and lower paper, and the paper prices are different, among which the middle paper is more expensive. B. The most common name of paper: A. Typing.

7. What is the basic knowledge of printing?

Small black letters should be single black, and the positive film should be stacked at the bottom. Use compound color for big black characters, otherwise the printing will be false;

Bleeding: leave 2-3 mm for general paper, 5 mm for 3-layer corrugated box and 8mm for 5-layer corrugated box.

The mode needs to use CMYK, and the resolution now advocates 200-line printing with a resolution of 350-400;

The following is what I added:

There is also the need to know the size of the paper used for assembly, and the paper mouth should be reserved for assembly. Different paper prints different colors, so when designing, priority should be given to what paper to print first before designing;

Multi-color background color tries to avoid white characters, which is easy to misregister; Try to avoid a large area of background color, which is easy to spend when printing, giving people a ghost;

Spot color printing, try to choose overprint, not overprint. Considering what I want to add, let's talk about this first.

I hope it helps you:-)

8. What is the common sense of printing?

You have mastered the following two courses, which are very useful, introduction to printing and printing colorimetry.

Introduction to printing: printing materials, printing colors, prepress technology, printing plate making, printing technology, post-press processing, special printing and digital printing, and quality control of printed matter.

Printing chromatics:

Light and color vision, color vision formation, basic properties of color, mixing law, CIE colorimetry system, color representation of color, light source colorimetry, printing color, computer color representation, color measurement and color management.

After studying, I will work for three years, either as a captain or as a production director, hehe!

Of course, the key points are: printing technology, color mixing law, printing color and quality control of printed matter.

I don't know if you are satisfied with this answer.