What are the aspects of developing rural tourism industry?

The general characteristics of rural tourism are:

1, rural. Rural tourism activities occur in rural areas and nearby areas, relying on rural scenery, farming activities, agricultural technology, agricultural products, customs and other tourism resources.

2. Participation. Rural tourism focuses on experience.

3. differences. It is manifested in both geographical and seasonal aspects.

4. The target market is urban residents.

5. Low cost. Rural tourism has low cost and low consumption price. Due to the change of mass tourism consumption concept, the increase of modern life pressure, the improvement of income level and the promotion of industrial policies and regulations, the development prospect of rural tourism in China will be very broad.

Main body of rural tourism industry:

With the strong demand of rural tourism market, China's rural tourism industry is also growing. The main institutions involved in rural tourism are as follows:

1, rural communities, residents of rural communities are carriers of rural folk culture, traditional habits and family production activities, and they are a kind of tourism resources in themselves. At the same time, community residents are also important developers and beneficiaries of rural tourism.

2. Tourism enterprises include tour operators, transport operators, retailers, developers, suppliers, travel agencies and consulting companies. Tourism enterprises directly participate in the protection and development of rural tourism resources, which directly affects all aspects of rural tourism.

3. The government is the core of formulating and implementing rural tourism protection and development planning.

4. Non-governmental organizations are legally established, non-governmental, non-profit, self-managed, non-partisan, voluntary social organizations dedicated to solving various social problems.

The Classification and Comparison of the Organization Models of Rural Tourism Industry in China;

(A) decentralized, independent business model

That is to say, the owners of rural tourism resources operate directly, and on the basis of spontaneity, the business households operate independently, and the project ownership and management rights are integrated, rather than entrusting or leasing to foreign enterprises.

Advantages: It is beneficial to arouse the enthusiasm of self-employed individuals in management, and they will use their intelligence to run the project well. Can effectively avoid conflicts with outsiders.

Disadvantages: First of all, limited by the business philosophy and economic strength of rural tourism resource operators, they may not be able to cope with competition. Second, limited funds may not be able to expand.

(B) "company+business households" model

It is a way that companies (economic entities), scientific research units and various farmers' technical or professional associations are the leading factors, and through a series of socialized services, thousands of rural households are driven to produce goods. The company signs contracts with farmers, the production links are handed over to farmers, and the marketing and sales links are handed over to the company. The advantages of the company and farmers complement each other.

Advantages: this model can solve the contradiction between small-scale operation and large-scale market operation of farmers under market economy conditions during the implementation of household contract responsibility system. Economic entities have the advantages of capital, technology, talents and equipment that rural individual economic organizations and farmers do not have, which is conducive to improving the technical level of agricultural production and improving the technical and cultural quality of farmers. This model can also overcome the disadvantages that business owners do not understand the market, solve the shortcomings that companies are not easy to go deep into the countryside, and expand the employment of local villagers.

Disadvantages: there are fewer companies that can cooperate with farmers, which makes farmers choose limited partners; Companies are usually in a dominant position, while farmers are in a weak position, and farmers are at a disadvantage when negotiating with companies.

(C) "Du district+company+business households" model

"Community" refers to the rural tourism association as a representative of the community, which is attended by all rural tourism operators, with one representative for each household. Its functions and powers are equivalent to the board of directors of tourism companies, deciding all major events related to the development of rural tourism in the village, appointing, dismissing and assessing, supervising the management personnel of tourism companies and reviewing the financial situation. "Company" refers to the village-run enterprise entrusted by the Association to be specifically responsible for the tourism management of the village. As a specific service unit, "business households" accept the company's arrangement to receive tourists and settle accounts with the company regularly.

Advantages: First, it can fully guarantee the balanced distribution of development costs and benefits. Village-run enterprises are only management and marketing institutions, and do not engage in direct reception and service. Business households are the main body of providing services and can fully guarantee the income of business households. Secondly, rural culture can be well protected and passed down. Thirdly, the mutual restraint among communities, companies and business households is conducive to the fairness and justice of the management process. After the three powers and responsibilities are clear, they should supervise each other and cooperate with each other to achieve a win-win situation.

Disadvantages: Village-run enterprises have limited scale and insufficient financial strength, which may lead to problems in subsequent expansion and product upgrading. The company's power is too concentrated, and there may be disputes with villagers in profit distribution.

(4) The overall leasing model refers to tourist attractions, which separate the ownership and management rights of scenic spots, authorize an enterprise to control and manage for a long time, lease and develop in pieces, monopolize the construction and operation, and the profits from the operation are shared by the owners and operators according to the agreed proportion.

Advantages: rural tourist attractions or projects are contracted by enterprises, giving full play to the advantages of enterprises in management and bringing rural tourism products to the market quickly. Disadvantages: Any one of the local government, scenic spot management institutions, scenic spot investment enterprises and local residents does not cooperate, which may destroy harmony. It separates the ownership and management right of resources, and the management right is transferred for a long time, which breaks through the existing management system and requirements. At present, in the absence of clear legal provisions, it still has to bear greater policy risks.

(5) The "village-run enterprise development" model is a model developed and operated by "village-run enterprises" at the village level, which is actually presided over by the village committee.

Advantages: "Home-grown industries" are highly motivated and can leave something that truly reflects local characteristics in their development; In the process of development, "family" is easy to communicate.

Disadvantages: First, there are financial constraints. If the village is not rich enough to raise enough funds, the expansion of the project scale and the improvement of the level will be directly affected; Secondly, the management level is limited, the service level may not be high, and external intervention is needed.

(six) other rural tourism business models.

There are some other industrial organization modes, but they can all be said to be the flexibility and innovation of the above five modes. Such as "farmer+farmer" mode, "government+company+rural tourism association+travel agency" mode and "government+company+business households" mode.