Ask for an essay about my hometown in Guizhou, thank you.

Guizhou Province, referred to as "Guizhou" and "Guangxi" for short, is an inland mountainous province with beautiful mountains and rivers, pleasant climate, rich resources and many ethnic groups.

Tang is the middle road of Guizhou; Song belongs to Kuizhou Road; Yuan belongs to Huguang Province; Ming set up Guizhou Tusi, which was the beginning of Guizhou's name, followed by Guizhou Bu Zhi Division; The name of Guizhou Province has not changed since the Qing Dynasty.

Guizhou administrative region is composed of Guiyang, Liupanshui, Zunyi, Anshun, Tongren, Bijie, Southwest Guizhou, Southeast Guizhou and South Guizhou.

Capital: Guiyang City

Major cities:

Guiyang: the political, economic, cultural and transportation center of Guizhou Province, the capital of Guizhou Province, governs 6 municipal districts and 3 counties, and manages 1 county-level city.

Zunyi: The old revolutionary base area of Guizhou Province, a prefecture-level city, governs 3 municipal districts, 8 counties, 2 autonomous counties and 2 provincial cities.

Liupanshui: A prefecture-level city in Guizhou Province, Du Liang, China, which governs 1 municipal district, 2 counties and 1 special zone.

Anshun: a prefecture-level city in Guizhou Province, with jurisdiction over 1 municipal district, 2 counties and 3 autonomous counties.

Duyun: the seat of the state capital of Qiannan Prefecture, which governs 2 cities 10 county.

Kaili: the seat of the state capital of Qiandongnan Prefecture, which governs 1 city and 15 counties.

Xingyi: the capital of southwest Guizhou, which governs 7 counties of 1 city.

Bijie: The administrative office of Bijie Prefecture is located, and it governs 1 county-level city, 6 counties and 1 autonomous county.

Tongren: The administrative office of Tongren Prefecture is located, which governs 1 county-level cities, 4 counties, 4 autonomous counties and 1 special zone.

Shi Zongyuan, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, and Lin Shusen, Governor of Guizhou Province.

[Edit this paragraph] Physical geography

Guizhou is located in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, between east longitude103 36' ~109 35' and north latitude 24 37' ~ 2913'. It borders Hunan in the east, Guangxi in the south, Yunnan in the west and Sichuan and Chongqing in the north, with a distance of about 595 kilometers from east to west. The total land area of the whole province is 176 16 Hongfeng Lake, 7 square kilometers, accounting for 1.8% of the total land area of the whole country.

Guizhou landform belongs to the western plateau mountainous area of China. The territory is high in the west and low in the east. It slopes from the middle to the north, east and south, with an average elevation of about 1 100 meters. There are many mountains in Guizhou Plateau, which is known as "eight mountains, one water and one field". The landform of the whole province can be divided into three basic types: plateau mountains, hills and basins, of which mountains and hills account for 92.5%. The territory is mountainous, with overlapping peaks, stretching vertically and horizontally, high mountains and deep valleys. There is Dalou Mountain in the north, which is inclined from west to northeast in the north. The elevation of Loushan Pass, the key pass of Sichuan and Guizhou, is1444m. South-central Miao Ling spans, with the main peak Leigong Mountain 2178m above sea level. There is Wuling Mountain in the northeast, winding from Hunan to Guizhou, and the main peak, Fan Jingshan, is 2572 meters high. The towering Wumeng Mountain in the west belongs to Jiucaiping, Zhu Shi Township, Hezhang County, with an altitude of 2900.6 meters, which is the highest point in Guizhou. Shuikou River in Diping Township, Liping County, Qiandongnan Prefecture, at the provincial boundary, is 147.8 meters above sea level, which is the lowest point in China. The karst landform in Guizhou is very typical. Karst (exposed) area 109084 square kilometers, accounting for 6 1.9% of the total land area of the province. Karst has a wide distribution range, complete morphological types and obvious geographical distribution, which constitutes a special karst ecosystem.

Guizhou has a warm and humid climate, which belongs to subtropical humid monsoon climate. The temperature doesn't change much, it is warm in winter and cool in summer, and the climate is pleasant. Especially the unique climate. In 2002, the average annual temperature in Guiyang, the provincial capital, was 65438 04.8℃, 0.3℃ higher than the previous year. From the perspective of the whole province, the average temperature in Leng Yue (65438+ 10) is usually 3℃ ~ 6℃, which is higher than other areas in the same latitude. The average temperature in the hottest month (July) is generally 22℃ ~ 25℃, which is a typical cool area in summer. There is more precipitation, obvious rainy season, more cloudy days and less sunshine. In 2002, Xingyi City had the most precipitation, which was1480 mm, among the nine cities. The least is Bijie City, which is 687.9mm ... The precipitation affected by monsoon is mostly concentrated in summer. The number of cloudy days in all parts of China generally exceeds 150 days, and the relative humidity is above 70% all the year round. Affected by atmospheric circulation and topography, Guizhou has a diverse climate. "One mountain is divided into four seasons, and ten miles are different." In addition, the climate is unstable, there are many kinds of disastrous weather, and drought, autumn wind, freezing and hail occur frequently, which is very harmful to agricultural production.

Guizhou's land area is *** 159 100 square kilometers, accounting for 90.4% of the province's land area. The soil zonality belongs to the red soil-yellow soil zone of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest. The central and eastern part is a humid evergreen broad-leaved forest belt, mainly yellow soil; The southwest is a dry evergreen broad-leaved forest belt, mainly red soil; The northwest is an evergreen broad-leaved forest belt with north subtropical components, mostly yellow brown soil. In addition, there are calcareous soil, purple soil, coarse bone soil, paddy soil, brown soil, fluvo-aquic soil, peat soil, swamp soil, carboniferous soil, stony soil, mountain meadow soil, red clay and newly accumulated soil. For agricultural production, the amount of soil resources in Guizhou is obviously insufficient, and the soil that can be used for agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry only accounts for 83.7% of the total area of the province.

Guizhou is rich in vegetation, with obvious subtropical characteristics, diverse components and complex floristic elements. There are 6255 species (varieties) of vascular plants belonging to 269 families 1655 genera (excluding bryophytes) in the province. The flora is dominated by tropical and subtropical geographical elements, such as pantropical distribution, tropical Asia distribution, old world tropical distribution and so on, and temperate geographical elements also exist to varying degrees. In addition, there are many unique ingredients in China. Due to its special geographical location, there are various vegetation types in Guizhou, including subtropical zonal evergreen broad-leaved forest in China, subtropical gully monsoon forest and mountainous monsoon forest. There are both cold temperate subalpine coniferous forests and warm coniferous forests in the same place; There are both large-scale secondary deciduous broad-leaved forests and precious deciduous forests with extremely limited distribution. The spatial distribution of vegetation shows obvious transition, which makes the geographical distribution of various vegetation types overlap and complicated, and the combination of various vegetation types becomes complicated and diverse.

Rivers in Guizhou are located in the ecotone between the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the Pearl River, and 69 counties belong to the Yangtze River Shelterbelt Reserve, which is an important ecological barrier between the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the Pearl River. The water system of the whole province is divided into three parts: the west and the middle to the north, the east and the south. Miaoling is the watershed between the Yangtze River and the Pearl River, and belongs to the Yangtze River basin in the north, with a basin area of 1 15747 square kilometers, accounting for 65.7% of the province's land area. The main rivers are Wujiang River, Chishui River, Qingshui River, Hongzhou River, Wuyang River, Jinjiang River, Songtao River, Songkan River, Niulan River and Hengjiang River. South of Miaoling belongs to the Pearl River Basin, with a basin area of 60,420 square kilometers, accounting for 34.3% of the province's land area. The main rivers are Nanpanjiang, Beipanjiang, Hongshui River, Duliujiang River and Dagou River.

Due to the specific geographical location and complex topography, Guizhou's climate and ecological conditions are complex and diverse, with obvious three-dimensional agricultural characteristics and strong regional agricultural production, which is suitable for the overall comprehensive development of agriculture and the development of characteristic agriculture.

[Edit this paragraph] Energy Overview

Guizhou is a major energy province in China, especially hydropower and coal. "Guizhou Power Transmission to the East" is the main force of "West Power Transmission to the East" in China Southern Power Grid.

Water, electricity and coal are all energy sources, and their advantages coexist. There are many rivers in Guizhou, and there are 984 rivers with the length exceeding 10 km. In 2002, the river flow in the whole province reached11452 million cubic meters. The mountainous features of rivers in Guizhou are obvious. The upper reaches of most rivers have wide valleys, gentle water flow and small water volume. The middle reaches of the valley are staggered into bundles, and the water is fast; The downstream valley is deep and narrow, with a large amount of water and abundant hydraulic resources. The reserve of hydropower resources is 6.5438+0.8745 million kilowatts, ranking sixth in the country, of which the exploitable amount is 6.5438+0.6833 million kilowatts, accounting for 4.4% of the country, especially in the river sections with concentrated water level difference, and the development conditions are superior.

Guizhou is known as the "Southwest Coal Sea", with a coal resource reserve of 49.728 billion tons, ranking fifth in the country, exceeding the total coal resource reserves of South China 12 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). Coal is not only large in reserves, but also complete in variety and excellent in quality, which lays a solid foundation for the development of thermal power and the implementation of "power transmission from west to east" and provides resource conditions for the implementation of coal chemical industry and "coal-to-oil" project. With the promotion of "power transmission from west to east", electric power construction has developed rapidly. By the end of 2005, the installed capacity of Guizhou power grid had reached13.24 million kilowatts, and the power generation reached 78.678 billion kwh.

[Edit this paragraph] Natural resources

land resources

The land resources in the province are mainly mountainous and hilly, and there are few flat dams. The mountainous area is 108740 square kilometers, accounting for 6 1.7% of the total land area of the province, and the hilly area is 54 197 square kilometers, accounting for 30.8% of the total land area of the province. Pingba mountain area 1.3230 square kilometers, accounting for only 7.5% of the total land area of the province. This geographical feature makes there are not many land resources available for agricultural development, especially in recent years, due to the increase of population and non-agricultural land, the cultivated land area has been shrinking. By the end of 2002, the actual cultivated land area in the province was 6.5438+0.7694 million hectares, a decrease of 62,900 hectares over the previous year, and the per capita cultivated land area was less than 0.05? Ha, far below the national average. The cultivated land in Guizhou is not only small in area, but also low in quality. The proportion of cultivated land with thick soil layer, high fertility and good water conservancy conditions is low.

mineral resources

Guizhou is rich in mineral resources. There are many kinds of mineral resources in China, which are widely distributed, complete in variety, rich in reserves and good in metallogenic geological conditions. It is a famous province with large mineral resources. By the end of 2002, more than 76 kinds of minerals 1 10 have been discovered in the whole province, and various reserves rank among the top in China. Mercury, barite, sandstone for fertilizer, sandstone for metallurgy, diabase for decoration, sandstone for brick and tile, etc. Ranked first, phosphorus, bauxite and rare earth ranked second. In the third place are magnesium, manganese and gallium. In addition, coal, antimony, gold and pyrite also have certain advantages and occupy an important position in China. Coal is not only large in reserves, but also complete in types and excellent in quality. Known as "Jiangnan Coal Sea", the reserves at the end of 2002 were 49.227 billion tons. Bauxite is of good quality with a reserve of 424 million tons; The reserves of phosphate rock are 2.695 billion tons, accounting for more than 40% of the country; Barite is the best in China, and its reserves are one third of that of the whole country. Gold reserves rank 12 in China, and it is a new gold production base in China.

Biological resources

There are many kinds of creatures in Guizhou. There are more than 1000 species of wild animal resources in the province, among which Guizhou golden monkey, langur, South China tiger, clouded leopard, leopard, white zygomatic, Hei He, black-necked crane, Chinese merganser, golden eagle, white-tailed sea eagle, white-headed crane, python and other 14 species are listed as national first-class protected animals, accounting for similar animals in the country. There are 69 species of national second-class protected animals, mainly pangolin, black bear, otter, civet, forest musk deer, golden pheasant with red belly, white crowned pheasant, golden pheasant with red belly and so on. , accounting for 25.7% of the total number of similar animals in China. There are six kinds of plant resources: forest, grassland, crop varieties, medicinal plants, wild economic plants and rare plants. The forest coverage rate of the whole province reached 30.8%, the per capita forest area was 0. 14 hectare, and the total stock volume reached 210 million cubic meters. There are 70 species of rare plants listed in the national list of rare and endangered protected plants, and 4 species, such as Taxodium ascendens, Davidia involucrata, Taiwania flousiana and Alsophila spinulosa, are national first-class protected plants, accounting for 50% of the total number of similar plants in China. There are 27 species of second-class protected plants, accounting for18.9% of the total number of similar plants in China; There are 39 species of third-class protected plants, accounting for 19.2% of the total number of similar plants in China. There are more than 3,800 kinds of wild plant resources in the province, including more than 3,700 kinds of medicinal plant resources, accounting for 80% of the varieties of Chinese herbal medicines. It is one of the four major Chinese herbal medicine producing areas in China. There are six rare plants with good quality, which have certain influence at home and abroad, such as Panax japonicus, Cephalotaxus fortunei, Pteridium aquilinum, Cordyceps sinensis, Eupatorium odoratum and Blumea balsamifera (natural borneol). In addition, Gastrodia elata, Dendrobium, Eucommia ulmoides, Magnolia Officinalis, Evodia rutaecarpa, Cortex Phellodendri, Radix Codonopsis, Polygonum Multiflori Radix, Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, Radix Asparagi, Flos Lonicerae, Radix Platycodi, Galla Chinensis, Rhizoma Pinelliae, Wan Lei, Radix Adenophorae, Popsicle, Polygonatum, Ganoderma lucidum and Folium Artemisiae Argyi all have the reputation of authentic medicinal materials. Among the wild economic plant resources, there are about 600 kinds of industrial plants, mainly fiber, tanning materials, aromatic oil and grease plant resources; There are about 500 kinds of edible plants, mainly vitamins, protein, starch and oil plants. There are about 200 kinds of garden plants that can be used for greening and beautifying the environment and have ornamental value; There are more than 40 kinds of environmental protection plants with anti-pollution ability. Guizhou is rich in crops and plants, and has cultivated nearly 600 varieties of cash crops such as grain crops, oil crops and fiber plants. Grain crops are mainly rice, corn, wheat and potatoes, and cash crops are mainly flue-cured tobacco and rape. Economic trees mainly include tung tree, camellia oleifera, tallow, sumac, walnut and so on. Dafang Raw Lacquer and Liu Ma Tung Oil are famous local products in Guizhou. There are more than 30 major livestock breeds and more than 2,500 excellent forage resources in the province, which have good conditions for the development of animal husbandry.

tourist resources

Guizhou is a charming "natural park". The natural scenery in the territory is magical and beautiful, the landforms are diverse, the cave landscape is colorful, the wild animals are splendid, and the cultural revolution remains are well known; Mountains, water, caves, forests and stones complement each other and are integrated. World-famous national scenic spots such as Huangguoshu Waterfall, Dragon Palace, Zhijin Cave and Maling River Canyon, and national nature reserves such as Tongren Fan Jing, Maolan Karst Forest, Chishui Alsophila spinulosa and Weining Caohai are like a string of bright gems, colorful and fascinating. The world-famous Red Army Long March culture, represented by Zunyi Site and Red Army Sidu Chishui Site, makes people stop to mourn and remember. The long and splendid history and culture of many nationalities, rich and mysterious ethnic customs, and pleasant climate without severe cold in winter and hot summer make Guizhou an ideal tourist summer resort.

[Edit this paragraph] Traffic and communication

railway

Guiyang is the center of the railway, with four trunk lines of Guizhou, Guizhou, Sichuan, Guizhou, Kunming and Hunan running through Guizhou, with a mileage of 1.468 km. The Guizhou-Kunming-Sichuan-Guizhou and Hunan-Guizhou railways have been electrified, the operating mileage of electric traction has reached 1 138 km, and the freight volume has doubled. Guizhou is the focus of railway construction during the Ninth Five-Year Plan period. The Nanning-Kunming Railway (227 kilometers in Guizhou Province) crossing Guizhou has been completed and opened to traffic. China's east-west large-capacity channel Shuicheng to Zhuzhou electrified double-track (596 kilometers in Guizhou Province) was completed and opened to traffic; The Shuicheng-Baiguo Railway and Huangtong-Zhijin Railway, which are jointly built by local and central authorities, will also be opened one after another. After the completion of these railways, Guizhou's position as the main channel and transportation hub of the southwest sea of people will be further improved, which will play an important role not only in Guizhou, but also in the economic development of Sichuan and Yunnan. In 2005, the freight turnover of railways was 46.989 billion tons kilometers, an increase of 2. 1% over the previous year. Passenger turnover was 65.438+03.898 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 654.38+046.5438+0% over the previous year. By the end of 2008, the construction of Guiguang high-speed railway will be started, with a total length of 857 kilometers, including 30 1 km in Guizhou. The target value of passenger train speed is 200 kilometers per hour. After the completion of this railway, the passenger transport time from Guiyang to Guangzhou will be shortened from 20 hours to about 6 hours. At the same time, after the completion of Chongqing-Guizhou high-speed railway, Guiyang-Guangzhou railway and the newly-built Lanzhou-Chongqing railway this year, the railway logistics express channel connecting the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao in the northwest and southwest regions will be opened.

highway

The highway mileage in Guizhou is more than 30,000 kilometers, and there are 5 national highways and 30 provincial highways in the province, basically forming a highway network with Guiyang as the center and communicating with cities and counties in Guizhou. Guiyang-Huangguoshu Highway, the first high-grade highway in southwest China, was completed and opened to traffic. Guiyang-Zunyi Highway is under construction and will be completed and opened to traffic on 1997. In 2005, Chongzun Expressway (Zunyi-Chongqing) was opened. The high-grade highway from Guiyang to Xinzhai, Guangxi will also start construction during the Ninth Five-Year Plan period. In 2005, the turnover of road freight was 9510.50 billion ton-km, an increase of1/0.7% over the previous year. Passenger turnover 1, 649,438+0 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 9.4% over the previous year.

Guizhou license plate number and area code: Guizhou Province (expensive)

A Gui Guiyang, Guangxi B Liupanshui, Guangxi C Zunyi, Guangxi D Tongren, Guangxi E Southwest Guizhou, Guangxi F Bijie, Guangxi G Anshun,

You h Qiandongnan prefecture, you j Qiannan prefecture.

Guizhou Province (Guizhou, Guizhou)

Place name, area code and postal code

Guiyang 085 1 5500 18

Zunyi 0852 563000

Anshun 0853 56 1000

Duyun 0854 555800

Kaili 0855 556000

Tongren 0856 554300

Bijie 0857 55 1700

Liupanshui 0858 553000

Xingyi 0859 562400

channel

The inland waterway in Guizhou Province has a mileage of 33,604 kilometers and a shipping volume of 310.5 million tons. In 2005, the turnover of waterway cargo was 809 million tons kilometers, an increase of 36.09% over the previous year. The passenger turnover was 6.5438+78 million person-kilometers, an increase of 654.38+04.8% over the previous year.

civil aviation

Civil aviation has opened routes from Guiyang to Hong Kong, from Guiyang to Beijing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Shanghai, Chengdu, Chongqing, Kunming, Guilin, Xiamen, Xi, Haikou, Changsha and Wuhan. The newly-built Longdongbao large airport in Guiyang has been opened to traffic. In 2005, the cargo turnover of civil aviation was 33,300 tons, an increase of 1 1% over the previous year. Passenger turnover was 3,077,500 person-kilometers, an increase of 10.4% over the previous year. Tongren Daxing Airport, Liping Airport, Huangguoshu Airport, xingyi airport Airport and Zunyi Xinzhou Airport will also be completed.