Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Tourist attractions - Ask Madagascar for an introduction

Ask Madagascar for an introduction

Country name: The Republic of Madagascar

Independence Day: June 26th (196)

National Day: June 26th (196)

National flag: rectangular, with the ratio of length to width of 3∶2. One side near the flagpole is a white vertical rectangle, and the right side of the flag surface is two parallel horizontal rectangles with the same area. White symbolizes purity, red symbolizes sovereignty and green symbolizes hope.

national emblem: circular. In the middle of the circle is the outline of Madagascar, with the branches and leaves of the tourist banana (national tree) on the upper part and the rice field pattern and buffalo head on the lower part. The words on the top of the circle are "Madagascar * * * and the country" in the local language-Margash, and palm branches and leaves are below, and the national motto "Motherland, Freedom and Justice" is written at the bottom.

National Stone: Malachite

National dignitaries: President Marc Ravalomanana was sworn in on May 6, 22.

Physical geography: Located in the southwest of the Indian Ocean, facing the African continent across the mozambique channel, it is the fourth largest island in the world, with an area of 627, square kilometers (including surrounding islands) and a coastline of 5, kilometers. The whole island is composed of volcanic rocks. The central part is the central plateau with an altitude of 8-15m, and the main peak of Chalatanana Mountain is 2876m above sea level, which is the highest point in China. The eastern part is a banded lowland with many dunes and lagoons. The west is a gently inclined plain, which gradually descends from the 5-meter low plateau to the coastal plain. There are four large rivers: Bezibuka, Zili Buchner, Manguji and Mangulu. The southeast coast has a tropical rainforest climate, which is hot and humid all year round, with no obvious seasonal change; The central part has a tropical plateau climate, which is mild and cool, while the western part has a tropical grassland climate with little rain.

population: 16.44 million (25). Malagasy people account for more than 98% of the total population, and are composed of 18 tribes, among which the larger ones are: Imelina (accounting for 26.1% of the total population), Besimizaraka (14.1%), Beshilo (12%), Simihet (7.2%), Sakala Wa (5.8%) and Antandro (5.8%). The languages, cultures and customs of all tribes are basically the same. There are still a few Comorians, Indians, Pakistanis and French people living in Malaysia, and there are about 15, overseas Chinese and Chinese. The national language is Malagasy (Malayo-Polynesian), and French is the official language. Among the residents, 7% believe in Christianity (Catholicism and Protestantism), 2% believe in traditional religions and 8% believe in Islam.

capital: Antananarivo, with a population of 1.2 million (2). Located on a horseshoe-shaped ridge in the central plateau of Madagascar, Antananarivo is a plateau city near the equator. Antananarivo is the largest city in China and a city with mixed styles of Asia, Africa and Europe. Antananarivo is a national transportation hub, and its industry is mainly concentrated in the western half of the city.

brief history: at the end of 16th century, the Emalina people established the Emalina Kingdom in the middle of the island. In 1794, the kingdom of Imelina developed into a centralized feudal country. In the early 19th century, the whole island was unified and the kingdom of Madagascar was established. It became a French colony in 1896. On October 14, 1958, it became an autonomous Republic within the "French". On June 26, 196, it declared independence and established the Republic of Margash, also known as the first Republic. On December 21, 1975, the country was renamed Madagascar Democratic Republic, also known as the second Republic. In August 1992, a national referendum was held to adopt the Constitution of the Third Republic, and the country was renamed Madagascar Republic.

Politics: The Constitution of the Third Republic promulgated in September, 1992 stipulates that the Malagasy people form a sovereign state with separation of church and state, which is a unified and indivisible Republic. The president is the head of state and the supreme commander of the armed forces. He is elected by universal suffrage for a term of five years.

Economy: Madagascar is one of the least developed countries recognized by the United Nations. In 23, its per capita GDP was US$ 339, and the poor population accounted for 75% of the total population. The economy is dominated by agriculture. More than two-thirds of the cultivated land in China grows rice, and other food crops include cassava and corn. The main cash crops are coffee, cloves, cotton, sisal, peanuts and sugarcane. The output and export of vanilla ranks first in the world. Madagascar is rich in mineral resources, and its graphite reserves rank first in Africa. The forest area is 123, square kilometers, accounting for 21% of the national territory.

diplomacy: pursuing the policy of non-alignment and good-neighborliness, and pursuing "all-round" pragmatic diplomacy. It advocates developing friendly relations with all countries in the world on the basis of respecting sovereignty and non-ideology. Emphasize that diplomacy serves economic development and seek diversification of partners.

relations with China: on November 6, 1972, Madagascar established diplomatic relations with China. In May 24, President Ravalomanana paid a state visit to China.