Common sense of tourism first aid

First aid ability is an important part of tourism emergency ability. With the increase of people's travel rate, both travel agencies and tourists put forward hi

First aid ability is an important part of tourism emergency ability. With the increase of people's travel rate, both travel agencies and tourists put forward higher requirements for the first aid ability of tour guides. The following is the information about travel first aid that I have compiled for you for your reference.

One:

Heart disease: those who have been treated by a therapist and have a prescription help them take medicine. If there is no treatment, try to see a doctor, but don't transfer the patient without permission. When lying flat in a coma, raise your feet. If you are short of breath, hold your head up and chest out, and lift your heart or give artificial respiration if necessary.

Stroke: See a doctor immediately, but don't move the patient or give him any food without the doctor's instructions. Let the patient lie flat. If you have difficulty breathing, turn his face to one side and let the secretions from his mouth flow out.

Heatstroke: Move the patient to the shade, lie down with his head slightly higher, unbutton his clothes, and cool the patient by all possible means. For example, wipe the patient's body with cold water until the body temperature drops to 38 degrees Celsius, and then send it to the hospital for treatment.

Trauma: a small amount of bleeding can be directly pressurized. For severe bleeding, a tourniquet should be placed around the wound and tied with a knot. Put the stick between the two knots and tighten it until it doesn't bleed. After that, the fixed wooden stick was rushed to the hospital and loosened every 15-20 minutes 15 seconds. If the head is injured and unshakable, let the patient lie flat, raise his head, lean his face to one side, cold compress his head and neck, and send him to the hospital for treatment quickly.

Fracture: The injured person lies down, don't exert force at the fracture site, stop bleeding first, and pay attention to extreme pain and shock. Support the injured with wooden boards and fix them with bandages. If the bone protrudes, don't push it back. Send them to the hospital for emergency treatment.

Burn: Wash with water or soak in clean cold water immediately. Lightly apply vaseline to the affected area, and cover it with a clean cloth to avoid blisters. The severely ill were wrapped in clean clothes, sheets and blankets and rushed to the hospital.

Shock: Let the patient lie flat with his head down and his feet high to keep the blood supply to the patient's brain. Only when he has difficulty breathing does he need to raise his head. In addition, it is necessary to keep patients warm, prevent body temperature from dropping, and send them to hospital for treatment as soon as possible.

Electric shock: insulate first, cut off the power supply, unbutton the clothes of the injured person, but prevent catching cold and give artificial respiration.

Drowning: rescue the water surface, remove foreign bodies from the patient's mouth, make the water in the patient's abdominal cavity spit out, and keep the body temperature for the drowning person. When necessary, artificial respiration, heart * * *, emergency medical treatment.

Food poisoning: take concentrated brine to make it spit out completely, and then send it to a doctor for diagnosis and treatment.

Bite by poisonous snakes: bandage the upper part of the wound, clean the wound, cut the wound with a cleaning blade to squeeze out the venom or suck it to the hospital for rescue.

Bug in the ear: Put the ear in a bright place or drop glycerin and sewing machine oil into it, and the bug will naturally crawl out.

Things get into your eyes: If the eyelids are visible, wipe them gently with a clean handkerchief, and don't rub your eyes; If you can't see things, you can wash them with salt water. If you can't take it out, you should go to the ophthalmology department for treatment.

Two:

diarrhea

When going out, due to changes in geographical environment, climate, hardness of drinking water and diet, it is easy to cause diarrhea due to acclimatization. Diarrhea can cause the loss of water and electrolyte in the human body, and may cause collapse, fatigue, convulsions, fever and other complications, which should not be taken lightly.

The most effective way to prevent diarrhea is to drink more lactic acid drinks, such as yogurt, during the trip. Insist on drinking 1 to 2 cigarettes a day. Diarrhea is basically impossible if it is not because of special circumstances such as unclean food. In case of diarrhea, patients should never abuse antibiotics to treat diarrhea, otherwise it will do more harm to the body.

Suffer from insomnia

Some people will lose sleep during the journey. One of the reasons is that it is difficult to fall asleep when I first arrive in a new place because of the changes in sleeping environment, noise, light perception and smell; The second reason is that excessive excitement, fatigue or discomfort caused by chronic diseases affect sleep.

To overcome travel insomnia, we must first keep a happy mood, try to keep the usual habits of eating, living and sleeping, and adapt to the local climate and environment as soon as possible when we go to a new place to overcome strangeness. If conditions permit, it is best to bring one or two things to accompany you to sleep every day, such as a pillow, a doll or an alarm clock that keeps ticking on your pillow.

Motion sickness and seasickness

The main reason of motion sickness and seasickness is that some people with very sensitive nervous system have regional sexual dysfunction caused by linear variable-speed movement, bumps, swings or rotations of vehicles and boats, which are more common in people with weak physique, mostly women. Lack of sleep, improper diet, mental stress, bad smell, etc. can induce or aggravate symptoms.

To prevent motion sickness and seasickness, we must first ensure adequate sleep, light diet, no hunger, no drinking, and maintain a good mental state. When motion sickness and seasickness occur, patients had better lie flat and rest. If you lie down unconditionally, you can lean your head on the back of the chair and close your eyes to rest. It's best to sit by the window. Fresh air is good for relieving and alleviating symptoms. At the same time, you can wipe your forehead with cool oil or wind oil essence, or directly put an ointment on your navel to eliminate dampness and relieve pain.

Altitude sickness/disease

For example, if you travel to a higher altitude, people who travel abroad are prone to mountain sickness because of the low air pressure and thin air. Symptoms are vomiting, tinnitus, headache and fever. In severe cases, you may feel dull, uneasy and hallucinate. Symptoms such as edema, shock or spasm may also occur.

To prevent mountain reaction, don't move too fast at high altitude. It is best to keep a steady pace, cooperate with breathing and avoid shortness of breath. It shouldn't be too urgent to arrange the trip. Sleep and diet should be adequate and normal, and you should have a short rest regularly. You can do some soft exercises, take a deep breath, strengthen the circle function and high adaptability when you rest. Usually do more physical exercise and strengthen the function of oxygen intake.

Flight discomfort

Aviation otitis media is the most common disease on the plane. If passengers feel uncomfortable in the middle ear, they can yawn or swallow. If you feel unsightly, you can contain a few sweets or chewing gum, and peanuts distributed to passengers by airlines can also solve this problem.

When flying, because the cabin of the plane is not big, sometimes it takes hours at a time. If the passenger's blood circulation is not good, it will often lead to blood accumulation in the lower limbs, which is more likely to cause shoulder and neck pain. Passengers should drink more water or liquid drinks to dilute their blood, and avoid drinking coffee, tea and wine, because these are diuretic drinks, which easily lead to dehydration. It is also recommended to exercise your legs for three to four minutes every hour in the cabin seat, and do some stretching exercises while waiting for the bathroom to help blood circulation. In addition, passengers should avoid wearing pointed or high heels, and try to wear tight socks and loose shoes to avoid blood embolism in their legs.