The cultural and ancient charm of Shang'an Village Shang'an Village

The book "Ancient Villages from History" written and published by CCTV reporter Wang Xiuzhu, titled "Shang'an Village with Ancient Rhythm of Wen Shang", describes the past and present of Shang'an Village in detail . He commented in the book: "Shang'an Village, Fancun, Taigu County, is an ancient village that has historical celebrities, cultural relics, and folk rural culture, which is enough for Taigu people to be proud of." The facts are also true. indeed so.

Shang'an's tourism resources are very rich, including both natural and cultural landscapes, characters, buildings, history, customs, farmhouses, etc., which are unique and unique.

1. Architectural Features

Shang'an Village is completely built according to the city-type architectural plan. There are three gates in the north of the village, a suspension bridge in the south of the village, and one gate in the east and west of the village. The ditch head protection project of the ditch in the southwest of the village was first built in the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty (1628-1644) and rebuilt in the 11th year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1654). The layout of the entire project is scientific and reasonable, and the construction is sturdy and durable. It has effectively prevented the damage for more than 300 years. Goutou moved forward and still protects the safety of village roads and plateaus.

The buildings in the village are similar to the architectural form of the Forbidden City. Most of them are from the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The ones that are better preserved are the pawnshop courtyard and the Sihelou courtyard where Shang'an Primary School was originally located. The Sihelou courtyard was the lower kiln of the Ming Dynasty. The upstairs-style building has magnificent brick carvings and fine workmanship; the Zongbingyuan is a two-story cave dwelling, with a neat flower wall built with stone in front of the second-story platform, which is really beautiful; the center of the village was built in the third year of Yongzheng's reign. The Sanyi Tower, a cross-street stage, is in dilapidated condition, but its ancient charm still exists; the Guandi Temple screen wall is brightly colored; stone ramps can be seen everywhere in the village, and the former sites and foundations of many ancient buildings can be seen along the bluestone slopes. See the glory of the village in the past; the pavilions and pavilions at the old site are scattered in an orderly manner, and the high-rise buildings and courtyards are lined up row upon row. Ancient rhyme, thought-provoking. In addition to the well-preserved Guandi Temple, it is said that there are more than a dozen large and small temples, such as Buddha Temple in Buddhism, Confucian Emperor Temple and Wenchang Temple, Taoist Temple in Luzu, Kuixing Temple, Dragon King Temple, Yongning Temple, Guanyin Temple, etc. The four-jointed courtyard in the village was severely damaged during the land reform and the Cultural Revolution. Even so, if you look for it casually, you can see ancient relics. The gate pillars used by the villagers, the stone tablets embedded in the wall, the lid of the water urn is the wooden sign of the chief soldier and deacon, etc. It can be said that celebrities and famous pens can be seen everywhere, and royal titles are prominently displayed in many places. . Most of the residential buildings are three-sided courtyards and four-sided courtyards, with brick and wood structures. The wing rooms all have a slope. When it rains, water will flow into the courtyard along the slope. Due to the lack of water, people take such buildings as "rich water does not flow into outsiders' fields". The construction of all old-fashioned buildings is extremely delicate, and the appearance looks more sophisticated than the current red brick walls, giving people a feeling that they are not as good as they used to be. Some house gables use combined materials, brick walls, adobe walls, and others are either staggered bricks or bricks on the outside and bricks on the inside.

The various stone tablets scattered in the village and more than a hundred temple tablets and tombstones buried at the bottom of the Jinshui River record many personnel events in Shang'an and are important physical evidence for understanding many people and history of Shang'an. .

2. Advocating literature and learning, talents emerge in large numbers

Shang'an people have paid attention to moral and intellectual cultivation for generations. Many people have become officials, and various talents have emerged in large numbers. According to rough statistics, among the less than one-fifth of the family's population recorded in the current genealogy, there are 60 officials above grade, 6 Gong students, 69 Imperial students, 54 Xiang students, 5 Lin students, and 5 martial arts students. , 4 students were born in Zengguang, 1 was a vice-president in the department, and 18 were guests from the township. There are more than 700 county officials of the seventh grade recorded on stone tablets. Another stone tablet records that Shang'an Village produced several pavilion elders in the Ming Dynasty, and several first-class officials and first-class wives in the Qing Dynasty. Emperor Qianlong's teacher Niu Xiannian was from Shang'an, especially during the Qianlong period. Niu Tianqi, the governor of Huguang and the commander-in-chief of the army, was one of the 120 heroes of the Manchu Dynasty. After his death, Qianlong ordered that he be awarded a first-class minister in accordance with the rules of the banner member. "The Legend of Heaven". The county archives has an imperial inscription on a bluestone tablet written in both Manchu and Chinese languages, and his portrait is still preserved in the Ziguang Pavilion of the Forbidden City.

3. Ancient ditch head protection projects

Goot head protection has a long history in Shanxi. Most of the existing ancient ditch head protection projects were built in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. According to a survey by the Soil and Water Conservation Bureau of the Department of Water Resources of Shanxi Province, the ditch head protection project in the southwest ditch of Shang'an Village, Fancun County, Taigu County was first built in the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty (1628-1644) and rebuilt in the 11th year of Shunzhi (1654) of the Qing Dynasty. It has been intact for more than 300 years and has effectively prevented the advancement of the ditch and protected the safety of village roads and plateaus. This project is a drop-type building, built with lime mortar and rough stones. The main project includes a 5-meter-long and 1.6-meter-wide water diversion channel and a 25-meter-high, 1.6-meter-diameter well shaft type drop. A high A 1.35-meter-long, 2.3-meter-long stone arch culvert is installed to prevent debris, people and animals from falling in. There are also stone arch culverts and connecting sections where the underground exit and the downstream ditch are connected. The entire project is protected by an earth dam. On the outside of the trench 70 meters away from the exit of the well bottom, there are stone steep slopes and wing walls 2 meters wide and 4 meters high to fix the trench. According to the inscription, the project has undergone three improvements, and was finally completed in 1654, the eleventh year of Shunzhi reign in the Qing Dynasty (1654). ".

This private construction project has 312 donors and the government donated 2693.5 taels of silver. The layout of the entire project is scientific and reasonable, and the building is sturdy and durable.

Wells are built to prevent floods and store water. The purpose is that once there is heavy rainfall, runoff will form on the ground and the rainwater will wash away the roadbed. Since the well is built on the side of the road, which is the lowest point around, rainwater will naturally flow into the well and then slowly seep into the loess. This will not cause erosion on the road, and it protects an access road in and out of Shang'an.

Building wells on the mountaintop, as mentioned at the beginning of the inscription, is a concentrated expression of selflessness, knowledge, and strength, all three of which are indispensable. This project fully demonstrates the infinite wisdom of the ancient working people. It has a long history and a huge role.