Tour guide words of Dujiangyan scenic spot in Sichuan

Dujiangyan is a county-level city managed by Chengdu, located at the mouth of Minjiang River on the northwest edge of Chengdu Plain, and named after Dujiangyan, a water conservancy project. It belongs to the subtropical humid monsoon climate zone in Sichuan Basin. I would like to share with you the tour guide words of Dujiangyan scenic spot in Sichuan, and welcome your reference.

Guide words of Dujiangyan scenic spot in Sichuan 1

Welcome to visit Dujiangyan City. Now our car is turning to Lei Yu Mountain Highway through the spacious and straight Happiness Avenue to visit Dujiangyan Scenic Area, which is famous at home and abroad.

Everyone came from Chengdu, and along the way, we saw criss-crossing rivers and canals, clear water rushing and flowing into the green fields far and near, which was the irrigation canal of Dujiang ancient weir. For more than 2000 years, the ancient weir led the surging Minjiang River to the vast Chengdu Plain, creating the richness and beauty of the "land of abundance".

Before that, because the Chengdu Plain was high in the northwest and low in the southeast, the mighty Minjiang River, which rushed down from the mountains and the continuous Songmao Canyon, always flowed along the terrain during the flood season, often bringing terrible floods to ancient creatures living in the plain. Later, after Master Roshi controlled the water about 3,000 years ago, the land was initially safe. Master Roshi's great achievements made Du Yu, the king of Shu, cede the throne to him, becoming the first king of Shu in the enlightened dynasty.

Li Bing, the magistrate of Shu County in the third century BC, really contributed to introducing the Minjiang River into the plain and creating "Yizhou Tianfu". It was he who led the people to build the Dujiangyan project, which was unparalleled in the world, and achieved a series of effects such as diversion, flood control, irrigation and drainage very scientifically. Since then, Dujiangyan water conservancy has been highly valued by the rulers of past dynasties, and special officials have been set up to manage it. Before and after, there were many managers who were wise in administration. In the process of management and maintenance, they constantly transformed their accumulated experience into standardized laws and regulations, which made Dujiangyan play a huge water conservancy function for more than 2,000 years. Therefore, it is no exaggeration to say that Dujiangyan is the first wonderful flower that breeds Sichuan Tianfu and shines the light of Chinese wisdom. Since the founding of New China, Dujiangyan can be said to be an ancient weir that welcomes the spring, and its irrigation area has expanded from 2 million mu at the time of the founding of the People's Republic of China to more than 6.5438+million mu. This is the mystery of Dujiangyan's enduring great role.

Located at the foot of Lei Yu Mountain, Erwang Temple commemorates Li Bing, the builder of Dujiangyan. This temple was originally a "Wangdi Temple" to commemorate Du Yu, the king of Shu. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Wang Di Temple was moved to Pixian County and later renamed as Chongde Temple to show respect for the merits of Li Bing and his son. In the Song Dynasty, because Li Bing and his son were saved as kings one after another, the Chongde Hall was changed to the "King Hall". It was not until the Qing Dynasty that it was officially named "Two Kings Temple".

The building of Erwang Temple has five characteristics: first, it covers a small area, only 10072 square meters; Second, the building density is high, reaching 60%; Third, it does not emphasize the symmetry of the central axis, which is contrary to the basic characteristics of most ancient buildings in China; Fourth, the height difference between up and down is large, with 63 meters; Fifth, the scale is grand, the layout is rigorous and pleasing to the eye. We will appreciate these five architectural features during our visit.

Fulongguan was built on a pile and was named after the myth of "Erlang captures the evil dragon". Originally named Fan Xianting, Fulongguan was built in the 4th century A.D. to commemorate Fan Changsheng, the leader of Shitiandao in Qingcheng Mountain and a great scholar of heaven and earth in the Han Dynasty (A.D. 302-347). Because Fan Changsheng was called "Fan Xian", this museum was named "Fan Xian Hall". During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Li Bing was named "King of Jin Kui" and "King of Spirits", and Gong Li Temple was built here. Because of the folklore Erlang Long Fu in the Song Dynasty, it was finally named "Fulongguan".

After walking up forty-two steps, you can see a "Staying Pile" monument on the right. Look up at the mountain in front of us on the right, that's Leiyu Mountain. When building Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project, Li Bing first cut a mountain to irrigate the fields, separating the main peak of Lei Yu from the hills under our feet, forming isolated hilltops. This is the origin of leaving the pile. On the left side stand 1 1 stone tablets, which are called "Shenyuga Stone Tablet", "Daodufu Stone Tablet" and "Buddhist Sanskrit Stone Tablet" in turn, which are intended to use the divine power of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism to town water, and are collectively called "Zhenshui Stone Tablet". Some people say that the stone tablet of Zhenshui is not Zhenshui, but to suppress the dragon below. If the evil dragon god is not suppressed by the divine power of the stone tablet above, he will make waves again.

The front hall of Fulongguan is dedicated to the statue of Li Bing. The statue is a stone statue at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty (168), which is 2.9 meters high and weighs 4.5 tons. The Waijiang sluice was built before 1974 was fished out of the river bed. Because the stone statue is lying in the river, the words on the chest are clearly visible. There is a paragraph in the middle: "Therefore, Li Fujun in Shu County is afraid of ice", and there is a paragraph on the sleeves: "On the 25th of Shenshuo, the fifth day of the leap month in the first year of Jianning, Yinlong was the water capital, and the mayor Chen Yi was the town of Sanshen Stone." This passage shows that this stone statue was carved on March 25th, the first year of Jianning (168), and it has been 1800 years since.

Dushui was the administrative department in charge of water conservancy in the Eastern Han Dynasty. This is the history of the county governor's office. He represents the county governor and lives in Dushuifu. The statue with a missing head next to it is probably Du Shui at that time. Because of the high sand content in the middle and upper reaches of Minjiang River, the water head is damaged. He didn't have a head, but he still clung to the water control tool "Zhong" at that time, which proved his determination and confidence in water control. At that time, the ribbon around the waist of an official represented the size of his official position, and the ribbon around his waist was not long, reflecting that his official position was not large at that time. Presumably, his official position is equivalent to the current director of Dujiangyan Administration. On the other side of the front hall, there are stone carvings of Han tombs unearthed in Dujiangyan, including stone statues (interestingly, the tools he holds are also "bells"), stone horses (short and stocky Sichuan horses) and stone carving ponds. The stone man and the stone horse in front of him were carved from the cultural relics left by Li Bing during the flood control in the Han Dynasty. According to the records of ancient books, the stone statue (horse) shall prevail when the stone statue is put into the middle of Neijiang River, so as to ensure that the Minjiang River not only benefits the people and irrigates fertile fields, but also avoids the flooding of Chengdu Plain due to excessive water. Of course, in the future, the stone man and the horse were replaced by lying iron, and the stone man and the horse became monuments.

The stone carving pond shows the prosperity of farmland gravity irrigation and the life of manor owners after the completion of Dujiangyan. Please pay attention to the grooves between the stone carving ponds. There are some gates in the middle of these grooves. These gates are used to control the water inflow in the field, which truly embodies Dujiangyan's "gravity irrigation" and is a treasure of stone carving art related to water conservancy in Han Dynasty. Entering the middle hall along the patio stone steps, formerly known as Tiefo Hall, it is now a cultural relic showroom, displaying cultural relics and documents of Li Bing's construction of Dujiangyan, as well as photos and inscriptions of Chinese and foreign guests in Fulongguan.

The back hall was originally called Jade Emperor Hall. There are cloisters around the temple, with a wide view and intoxicating scenery. There is a pavilion on the open space on the left, named Guanlan Pavilion, where you can see the roar of rivers inside and outside, and the separation under your feet is a "mainstay".

Leave that pile. Li Bing dug the diversion here. As early as 20 years ago, there was no gunpowder in Qin, and the use of iron was relatively backward. This Leiyushan belongs to the parent rock (conglomerate sedimentary rock), and its structure is very solid. It's really not easy to dig a gap manually. But people's wisdom is infinite. So I thought of the method of "fire attack", first burning the stone with firewood to make it hot, and then pouring vinegar. After eight years, a gap with a width of 20M, a height of 40M and a length of 80M was finally opened, which separated Leiyushan from the pile and built the bottle mouth. It is said that when digging the bottle mouth, Li Bing not only took the lead, but also went forward bravely. At the same time, Li Bing's daughter "Europe" also sacrificed heroically for this. When the bottle mouth needs the last layer of rock wall to open, everyone knows that the person who opens this layer of rock wall will die. Ou insisted on going, but the bottle of the treasure was cut open, and Ou was swallowed up by the rolling river. People say that after her death, she became an immortal, and all the gods were attached to Mount Lei Yu. From a distance, we can see that "Europe" is lying quietly on its back on Lei Yu Mountain, guarding this ancient weir and dam day and night.

Now, let's go out of Fulongguan and visit Dujiangyan Cultural Relics Exhibition Hall. There are many historical materials about Dujiangyan water conservancy project, which will deepen your understanding of the ancient weir. The information about Qingcheng Mountain and other places in the exhibition hall gives you a complete understanding of Dujiangyan's rich tourism resources.

Tour guide words of Dujiangyan scenic spot in Sichuan II

Hello, tourists! Welcome to Dujiangyan, a world cultural heritage. I am your tour guide.

Our tour route today is to go downstairs from Qinyan, visit Erwang Temple, Anlan Cable Bridge, Yu Zui, Sha Fei Weir and Baokou in turn, and finally get on the bus at the gate of Lidui Park. The whole journey takes about two hours. During the tour, please take care of the scenic environment and keep up with the team to avoid getting lost; At the same time, I hope everyone will indicate our parking location and license plate number, as well as my contact information.

Let me give you an overview of the scenic spot first. Dujiangyan was built in 256 BC during the Zhao Haoqi period of Qin Dynasty, and it took Li Bing, the governor of Shu County, about 20 years to lead the people to build it. It has a history of more than 20 years, and it is the oldest dam-free water diversion project in the world, and it still plays a huge role. No wonder Yu Xiansheng said, "I think the most exciting project in the history of China is Dujiangyan, not the Great Wall".

Dujiangyan project consists of fish mouth, flying sand weir and treasure bottle mouth. Now I won't talk about how to arrange the flood control sand weir, nor how to control the water quantity at the bottle mouth. Focus on the fish mouth at the head of Dujiangyan canal. Looking in the direction of my finger, the fishmouth dam is located in the middle of the river.

Yuzui laid three important foundations for Dujiangyan water conservancy project. I personally make a summary, which is a word "Qiao"!

Look, facing the rolling Minjiang River, the fish mouth in the center of the riverbed divides it into two parts: an outer river continues to serve as the main riverbed; A new water diversion channel from Neijiang to Dujiangyan. At that time, Li Bing deliberately dug the riverbed depth in Neijiang to be three feet three feet lower than that in Waijiang, and made the riverbed width in Waijiang to be nine feet nine feet wider than that in Neijiang. In this way, when the water flow of Minjiang River is small, 60% of the water flows into Neijiang, which ensures the agricultural irrigation water in Chengdu Plain. In the flood season, the water flow of Minjiang River will greatly increase, and the outer river with wide riverbed will accommodate nearly 60% of the water flow, so as to avoid the flood disaster in Chengdu Plain. This function is the six words engraved on the cliff of Erwangmiao-divide it into four or six, and ensure the harvest in drought and flood.

The second originality of the fish mouth is that it plays a role in discharging sand and stones.

Because Dujiangyan is located in the middle reaches of Minjiang River, a lot of sand and stones flow down the river. According to the circulation principle of the river at the bend, the impact of the river on the cliff of the bend will produce a cyclone, which will roll the sand and gravel at the lower level to the surface of the water flow; Moreover, the greater the water flow, the more sand and gravel will be rolled up, so most of the sand and gravel will be automatically taken to Waijiang instead of Neijiang. At the same time, the fish mouth is in an ideal position of "taking water from the front and discharging sand from the side". Therefore, 80% of the sand and gravel will be discharged from here, greatly reducing the harm of siltation in Neijiang.

Imagine, more than two thousand years ago, when there was no reinforced concrete, what material was used to build this indestructible fish mouth dam? Li Bing skillfully connected earth and stone with bamboo cages filled with pebbles to form a dam. Because of the rough materials, many people in the past dynasties wanted to change engineering materials. Officials of the Yuan Dynasty once cast a 16,000-Jin iron turtle at the key position of the fish mouth. In the Ming Dynasty, local officials used iron cows to guard fish mouths, but they were all washed away by floods and ended in failure. It was not until Lu Yi, an imperial envoy of the Ming Dynasty, visited Sichuan to inspect water conservancy that he proposed that only Li Bing's ancient method of packing pebbles in bamboo cages conformed to the flexible natural law. Weaving bamboo into bamboo cages, filling pebbles in bamboo cages, and stacking them layer by layer to form dams can reduce the possibility of dam fracture. In addition, the gaps between pebbles can make water seep out slowly, which reduces the risk of dam break, thus forming a dam that is both strong and resistant to erosion and does not accumulate water. At the same time, because the project construction does not pursue once and for all, and the materials are simple and rough, Dujiangyan can be constantly updated every year in the annual repair, which embodies the unpretentious oriental thinking of taking advantage of the trend.

Of course, it is not enough just to use the fish mouth. Dujiangyan's three major projects are interdependent and systematic.

Tour guide words of Dujiangyan scenic spot in Sichuan 3

Hello, friends! Dujiangyan, known as the originator of world water conservancy culture, is a famous tourist attraction in China. Today, Meng Xiao will accompany you to visit Dujiangyan and learn about water conservancy projects. I wish everyone a good meal, a drink and a good sleep.

Dujiangyan, located in Guankou Town, Dujiangyan City, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, is a large-scale water conservancy project built in ancient China. Dujiangyan was built around 265 AD by Li Bing, the prefect of Shu County in Qi State, and his son. It is the oldest and only grand water conservancy project in the world, which is characterized by not building a dam to divert water. Everyone knows Erlang God. Erlang God is Li Bing's son. Because Li Bing has no children, it comes from legend. To commemorate the father and son, the Erwang Temple next to us was built, which is also the best scenic spot to watch Dujiangyan. Today, let's think backwards-walking backwards. Dujiangyan is mainly divided into three parts, fish mouth, flying sand weir and bottle mouth. Today, let's start with the fish mouth.

Fish mouth diversion dike, also known as fish mouth, is named after its shape like crocodile's mouth. It stands tall in the middle of the Minjiang River, dividing it into two rivers, the Neijiang River in the east is used for farmland irrigation and the Waijiang River in the west is used for flood discharge. The fish mouth mainly plays two roles: 46 times to divide water and 28 times to divide sand. Twenty-eight points of sand refers to the sand deposited on the river bed passing through the pebbles arranged neatly on the fish mouth, so that the sand outside the river accounts for 80% and the sand in Neijiang accounts for 20%. In this way, the water used to irrigate farmland will be very clear, because most of the sediment is drained away by the outer river. Four or six water divisions change according to seasons. Please look at the nearby islands. In winter and spring, the river dries up, and the water flows through several islands, winding into an S-shape, making its mainstream go straight to Neijiang. The inflow of Neijiang is about 60%, and that of Waijiang is about 40%. In summer, the rain increases and the water level rises, and the turbulent water potential is no longer affected by the island. When the mainstream rushes straight to the outer river, the ratio of the inner river to the outer river will be automatically reversed: about 40% of the incoming water from Neijiang and about 60% of the outer river. It is this kind of fish mouth that ensures the farmland water and domestic water of local people in dry season and prevents the occurrence of floods in flood season. It is really indispensable. Of course, without the help of these small islands, Baizhangdi, Chacha and Jingangdi, the fish mouth can't complete the task perfectly, which also tells us that friends also need to help each other in life.

Now we are heading for the next stop-Sha Fei weir spillway. Sha Fei weir has obvious functions of flood discharge, sediment discharge and water transfer. It mainly discharges the excess Neijiang water in the bottle mouth to the outer river during the flood period. If there is a serious flood, it will burst its banks and let the river flow into the spillway, so that a large amount of river water can return to the mainstream of the Minjiang River to ensure that the people of Chengdu will not be affected by the flood. Its second function is to discharge sand. When the river rushes in, it will form a vortex due to centrifugal force, which will either wash the sediment ashore or bring it into the spillway and discharge the excess sediment into the outer river. In ancient times, the flying sand weir was a temporary project built with bamboo cages and pebbles; Now it has been poured with concrete to ensure the effect once and for all.

This is our last stop-Baokou. The bottle mouth, named after the shape of the vase, plays the role of "gatekeeper" and can automatically control the inflow of Neijiang. It is a cut made by Minjiang River from the long ridge on Lushan Mountain, and it is a throat artificially dug to control the inflow of Neijiang. The water in the bottle mouth will be divided into two parts, two parts into four parts, four parts into eight parts ... to irrigate the plain and send it to every household. In other words, if the bottle mouth is blocked, 60% of Chengdu people will have no water to drink. So the bottle mouth and the flying sand weir are really good brothers to help people solve problems.

Dujiangyan is composed of three major water conservancy projects. If you imagine Dujiangyan as a fish, then the fish mouth is the fish head, the flying sand weir is the fish body, and the bottle mouth is the fish tail. Capital, Chengdu; Jiang and Minjiang rivers; Weir dam This is the origin of the name Dujiangyan. I hope everyone will remember the originator of this water conservancy project.

I wonder if everyone had a good time? After all the excitement, everyone's stomachs were growling. Now we are heading for the gourmet army!

Tour guide words of Dujiangyan scenic spot in Sichuan 4

Dujiangyan Scenic Area, a world cultural heritage, is located in the west of Dujiangyan City, the first batch of excellent tourist cities in China. It is only 30 minutes' drive from Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan, and 58 kilometers from Shuangliu International Airport. The traffic is very convenient. The scenic spot is located in the inland subtropical region, with an average annual temperature of 15.2℃, no severe cold in winter and no intense heat in summer, a beautiful environment and a pleasant climate. The water quality and air meet international standards and are suitable for tourism all year round.

The scenic spot covers an area of 220 hectares, with a core sightseeing area of 1.20 hectares. It is a tour loop consisting of more than 20 important scenic spots such as Lidui Ancient Garden, Dujiangyan Canal Head Project, Erwang Temple, Lei Yu and Songmao Ancient Road. The unique geographical conditions and ecological environment have created the unique landscape of Dujiangyan Mountain, water, city, forest, weir and bridge, which is very ornamental, ecological and characteristic.

Qingxi Garden is called Qingxi Garden because the beautiful scenery in the garden is set against the clear water of Minjiang River. Qingxi Garden covers an area of about 8,000 square meters. The architectural style of the garden is based on the folk houses in western Sichuan. The gardening technique is waterscape and clear spring, which highlights the strong wild interest against the unique pebbles of Minjiang River. Through the leaking frame of the wall, you can see the scenic pavilion and Yu Xiaoshan, and the mountain stream gurgles down, which makes the picture stereoscopic and makes it the center of the whole garden. These bonsai in front of us are rare in China for thousands of years, and they are also landscape bonsai that reproduce the natural features of Bashan and Shushu.

The most famous tree in the garden is called Wei Zi Buddha's Palm, which has always been a symbol of good fortune among the people. It looks like the palm of a Tathagata Buddha. It has experienced vicissitudes and read everything in the world. It is a living cultural relic. Praying for it may bring you good luck. This is the crape myrtle vase, one of the three treasures in the town garden, with a history of 1320_ year. Please see that the bottle mouth is closed with the bottom, but the bottle body is hollow. Lagerstroemia indica, which blooms from June to 10 every year, is as lifelike as being inserted in a hollow vase. It is a treasure in bonsai art, which is specially introduced in China Flower Classic.

The stone carving pond shows the prosperity of farmland gravity irrigation and the life of manor owners after the completion of Dujiangyan. The grooves between stone carving ponds are carved with water gates in the middle, which are used to control the water inflow in the fields, which truly embodies Dujiangyan's "gravity irrigation" and is a treasure of stone carving art related to water conservancy in Han Dynasty. Enter the central hall along the stone steps of the patio. Formerly known as Tiefo Hall, the Middle Temple is now a literature showroom. There are cultural relics and documents about Li Bing's construction of Dujiangyan, as well as photos and inscriptions of Chinese and foreign guests in Fulongguan. The back hall was originally called Jade Emperor Hall. There are cloisters around the temple, with a wide view and intoxicating scenery. There is a pavilion on the open space on the left, named Guanlan Pavilion, where you can see the roar of rivers inside and outside, and the separation under your feet is a "mainstay".

Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project: Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project is not only a great miracle of water conservancy technology in China, but also a bright pearl of water conservancy projects in the world. Its biggest point is that the weir has been built for more than 2260 years, and it is still enduring and playing an increasingly important role. The establishment of Dujiangyan is based on the premise of not destroying natural resources and making full use of natural resources to benefit mankind, turning harm into benefit, and making people, land and water highly harmonious and unified. It is by far the only great "ecological project" in the world. Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project is the crystallization of ancient people's wisdom in China and an epoch-making milestone of Chinese civilization.

In 256 BC, Li Bing, the prefect of Shuqin County, led the people through hardships and built the world-famous Dujiangyan water conservancy project. At this point, Zeguo in western Sichuan, which has been ravaged by floods for a long time, has become a "land of abundance", with fertile land, Sang Ma and rice and wheat everywhere.

Dujiangyan is recognized as the oldest dam-free water diversion project in the world, and it is a symbol of diligence and wisdom of the Chinese nation. Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project has created a land of abundance and become a powerful strategic base and granary for Qin to unify China. It undoubtedly promoted and accelerated the progress of China civilization.

Dujiangyan, which benefits all generations, is a huge water conservancy system project. In the long years of more than two thousand years, Dujiangyan has been well protected and maintained no matter how the times change and how the regime changes. Its water conservancy network has gradually expanded, covering 36 counties in Sichuan Province 10 million mu of fertile land, providing industrial and domestic water for dozens of cities such as Chengdu, and becoming the source of life for tens of millions of people in Chengdu Plain and Northeast Sichuan.

Dujiangyan is the largest dam-free water diversion project in the world. Besides the huge irrigation water network and canal system downstream, it also includes three main projects: Yuzui diversion dike, Sha Fei weir spillway and Aquarius diversion mouth. The fishmouth diversion dike is named after it looks like a fishmouth. The diversion dike is located at the top of the canal head and in the middle of the bend of Minjiang River. Facing the ancient waves, the Minjiang River is cleverly divided into two rivers. Neijiang is an artificial river, and Waijiang is the natural river course of Minjiang River. Neijiang is mainly used for irrigation, while Waijiang shoulders the heavy responsibility of flood discharge. In the dry season when the water flow is gentle, 60% of Minjiang River flows into Neijiang along the concave bank, and the outer river accounts for 40%. 60% of the water rushes into the outer river under the reaction of the convex bank during the flood season. This is what is said in the Three-Character Classic of Water Control: "Divide it into four or six, and do it flat." This shows how wonderful it is to build a fish mouth and choose a scientific site. Due to the great influence of floods for a long time, the water diversion levee in Yu Zui is very strong and has been maintained for generations, so future generations dare not slack off.

More than 2000 years ago, without modern tools, Li Bing led people to boil water and pour stones, and cut off a mountain by hand, forming a narrow water inlet, which was named "Baokou Bottle" because it looked like a bottleneck. Here, the river surface drops sharply from 70 meters to 28 meters, and the turbulent river flows into the wide Neijiang River through the narrow inlet, gradually forming a water system as dense as a spider web, irrigating thousands of miles of fields in the western Sichuan Plain. It is one of the key links of Dujiangyan system engineering. Bottle mouth is the throat of inland water entering Chengdu Plain, just like bottle mouth, which strictly controls the flow of river water entering Chengdu Plain. This stable inflow has brought great benefits to farmland irrigation, drought and flood protection and domestic water use in Chengdu Plain. Li Bingneng designed such a wonderful water conservancy project more than 20 years ago by taking advantage of the mountain water potential of Minjiang River and Lei Yu.

Tour guide words of Dujiangyan scenic spot in Sichuan 5

Hello tourists, welcome to Dujiangyan Scenic Area. Dujiangyan is located on the Minjiang River on the west side of Dujiangyan City, about 56 kilometers away from Chengdu. Before the tour, let me explain the precautions: please take care of your belongings during the tour. At the same time, please take care of the scenic environment, keep up with the team and avoid getting lost. Our tour route today is to go downstairs from Qinyan, visit Erwang Temple, Anlan Cable Bridge, Yu Zui, Sha Fei Weir, Baokou and Libei in turn, and finally meet at the gate. The whole journey takes about two hours. Now please follow my footsteps to visit this scenic spot.

Dujiangyan was built under the leadership of Li Bing, the prime minister of Shu, and his son during the reign of Zhao Haoqi in the Qin Dynasty in 256 BC. It took about 20 years to build. It has been more than 20 years since today. It is the oldest water conservancy project in the world, and it still plays a huge role. Its characteristic is that there is no dam to divert water. No wonder Yu Xiansheng said, "I think the most exciting project in the history of China is Dujiangyan, not the Great Wall". And this exciting project is composed of three main projects: fish mouth, flying sand weir and treasure bottle mouth. Next, I will explain to you how the three major projects play their great role. Looking in the direction of my finger, this is the first major project in Dujiangyan-fish mouth. It is shaped like a fish mouth, hence its name. Now, we are standing at the mouth of the dam in Yu Zui, watching the Minjiang River surging and splitting into two streams in Yu Zui, namely Neijiang and Waijiang. Waijiang continues to be the main river bed, and Neijiang is the new diversion canal of Dujiangyan. In particular, Li Bing revised the depth of Neijiang River bed to be three feet three lower than that of Waijiang River bed, and revised the width of Waijiang River bed to be nine feet nine wider than Neijiang River bed. Besides, it's a bend. When the flow of spring ploughing water is small, about 60% of the mainstream water enters Neijiang, which ensures the irrigation water in Chengdu Plain. In the flood season, due to the bend of the river, the flow rate increases sharply, the water level rises greatly, and the water potential decreases obviously. Moreover, because the river surface on the outer river side is wider and the river surface on the inner river side is narrower, the flow of the inner river will automatically be lower than that of the outer river, and the water inflow will be about 40%, which has largely solved the flood control problem in the Du Plain. This function is what Dujiangyan three-character scripture says: "Divide it into four or six parts to prevent drought and flood".

In addition, the fish mouth also has a certain function of discharging sand and stones. There is a big drop in the Minjiang River, and there is a swift current on it. Therefore, a lot of sand and stones flow down the river. According to the theory of bend circulation, the cyclone generated by the river in the bend will roll the sediment stones from the lower layer to the upper layer, and most of them will be automatically brought into the outer river. The fish mouth is an ideal position for "front water removal" and "side sand discharge". Therefore, 80% of the sand and gravel are discharged from here, which greatly reduces the harm of siltation in Neijiang. We have to admire the accuracy of Li Bing's site selection. The fishmouth we see now is already a reinforced concrete building, so what material was it made of in the past? In the past, it was based on earth and stone, and pebble bamboo cages were used to protect the embankment. People use local materials, weave the bamboo in western Sichuan into long bamboo cages and put them across the dam, and then fill them in one cage at a time with pebbles impacted by river water, building a solid dam with anti-erosion and no water accumulation. This method is simple and effective. 5. After the12 earthquake, there were many cracks in the fishmouth. Now the traces of the repaired fishmouth are still clearly visible, and it has become the most concerned scenic spot because of the cracks.

Generally speaking, the fish mouth can be described by a clever word, with clever location, clever moisture distribution and clever sand discharge. Of course, only the fish mouth is not enough. The three major projects are interdependent and * * * is a system. Then, we will visit the next project-Sha Fei weir spillway.

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