Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Tourist attractions - What plants are there in Yunnan?

What plants are there in Yunnan?

1. The most expensive medical tree species-Taxus yew

Taxus yew, also known as Taxus yew, grows in Xishuangbanna, Yunlong County and other national nature reserves in Yunnan Province, and is recognized as an endangered natural rare ai-resistant plant in the world. It is listed as a national rare and endangered plant and is a veritable "plant giant panda". The content of paclitaxel in the roots, stems, leaves and bark of Taxus chinensis is the highest in the world, and paclitaxel is the most expensive drug for treating cancer in the world at present.

In the early 199s, an American company discovered that taxol in the bark of Taxus chinensis had anti-ai effect. The news spread to Yunnan, China. People realized that the treasure was around and began to peel the skin of Taxus chinensis crazily, so this plant was devastated.

2. The world's most blooming camellia tree-Wanfeng Temple Wanduo Camellia Tree

This tree was originally two camellia plants of different varieties, one with lion's head and the other with early pink. Because it was planted very close, the trunk embraced tightly when it grew up, which was inseparable and amazing. If you don't watch carefully, it's hard to find their secrets. However, we can distinguish the similarities and differences between the two trees from the flower shape. Now the trunk is about 3 centimeters in diameter and 2 meters in height, 6.5 meters in height together with the branches and the crown area is 55.4 square meters.

Every year in beginning of spring, the bud first blooms until long summer, which lasts for seven festivals and more than 1 days, and has more than 2 batches. One batch has not withered, and another batch is in bud. Each batch has more than a thousand flowers, with a total of 2, to 3,. Therefore, it is called the king of ten thousand camellias or the most camellia in the world. This flower blooms in March every year. At that time, there will be a flood of tourists. This tree was carefully cultivated by lamas in the temple from generation to generation. Over the years, they applied fertilizer in the late hibernation period, and also used tea oil to wipe the trunk and water the roots to increase nutrients. Therefore, the trunk is smooth, the tree is old and prosperous, and it blooms in time.

3. The most poisonous tree-Bloodsucking Throat-sealing Tree

Bloodsucking Throat-sealing Tree, also known as Jatropha curcas, is a national protected tree species and grows in tropical Yulin area of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan. After the bark or branches of this tree break, it will shed milky poisonous juice. When it comes into contact with the wounds of people and animals, the poisoned person's heart will be paralyzed, the blood vessels will be closed, and the blood will coagulate, and even he will suffocate and die. If he strays into his eyes, he will be blind. In Xishuangbanna, there is a folk saying called "seven ups and eight downs and nine falls to the ground", which means that if anyone is poisoned by the poison of arrow poison wood, he can only take seven steps to the high place and eight steps to the low place, but in any case, he will fall to the ground and die if he takes the ninth step.

4. the fastest growing tree-miracle tree

miracle tree, also called tuanhua tree, is a tall and beautiful tree planted in Menglun area of Xishuangbanna. At the World Forestry Congress in 1972, Bougainvillea was recognized as a "miracle tree" by experts from all over the world. Its miracle lies in its rapid growth, which is faster than any other tree species, with an average annual height of 3-3.5 meters, a length of 3-4 centimeters and a height of 3-4 meters in 8-1 years. Moreover, it has the amazing ability to withstand dry and hot climate and barren land, and is known as the "gem tree" and the most ideal tree species for the development of artificial afforestation.

5. The most nutritious tree-Moringa oleifera

Moringa oleifera, also known as drumstick tree, is native to northern India, and Moringa oleifera has been introduced to Yunnan since the early 196s. Each tree can produce 15, to 25, seeds a year, that is, Moringa seeds. Indian local people eat Moringa oleifera in their daily lives. Fresh leaves can be eaten as vegetables, and tender leaves are similar to spinach and can be used as soup or salad.

Young pods can also be eaten, dried seeds can be ground into powder as seasoning, and dried roots of seedlings can also be ground into powder as seasoning, which is spicy. Moringa flowers can also be added to salads after they turn slightly white. Moringa oleifera is rich in nutrients and has the functions of improving nutrition, dietotherapy and health care; It is also widely used in medicine, health care and other aspects, and is known as the "tree of life" and "diamond in plants".

6. Longevity Plant-Dragon Blood Tree

In Xishuangbanna Tropical Plant Research Institute, there is a slow-growing drought-tolerant tree, which has a short trunk, gray bark and lush leaves. It is said that in ancient times, when dragons fought elephants, the blood of dragons was spilled, and then the dragon blood tree was born from the soil.

When the dragon's blood tree is damaged, it will shed juice like blood. Therefore, people call this bleeding tree "Dragon's blood tree". The juice of Dracaena draconis is a valuable Chinese medicine, named "Dragon's Blood" or "Kirin Exhaustion", which has the effect of treating traumatic injury, blood stasis pain, rheumatism numbness, gynecological diseases and other diseases. According to experts' research, the dragon's blood tree can reach more than 8 years old, which is the longest-lived tree among the plants known so far.

7. The "giant" in the tropical rain forest-Wangtianshu

Wangtianshu, also known as Qingtian Tree, is a tree with borneol spice, which grows in Mengla, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province and is a national first-class protected wild plant. It is as high as 7 to 8 meters, standing out from the crowd, holding its huge crown high above the tropical rain forest canopy, which is the tallest tree not only in Xishuangbanna, but also in tropical Southeast Asia. It is no exaggeration to call it a "giant" in the tropical rain forest.

8. The enchanting plant-Poppy

Poppy, also known as rice shell flower, panicum miliaceum, is distributed in most temperate and subtropical regions in the northern hemisphere, with northern Thailand and Yunnan in China growing the most. Poppy is a beautiful plant with green leaves, colorful flowers, slim stems and high capsules, but the juice extracted from the capsules can be processed into opium, morphine and heroin. Therefore, opium poppy has become an important source of drugs in the world, and this beautiful plant can be called the flower of evil.

9. A wonderful plant-Arrow Root Potato

Arrow Root Potato, also known as tiger beard, is distributed in Yunnan, Hunan, Hainan, Guangxi and Medog, Tibet. In the 196s, it was introduced, cultivated and studied in Xishuangbanna Botanical Garden, and now it has become a new flower plant with a large number of cultivation and preservation in the garden. The whole plant of arrowroot potato is toxic, and people with mild poisoning will have diarrhea and vomiting; In severe cases, the intestinal mucosa falls off, causing massive bleeding. Rhizomes can be used as medicine all year round, washed and sliced, fresh or dried, and can be used to treat enteritis, dysentery, pneumonia, burns and scalds.

1. shy plant-mimosa

mimosa, also known as ugly-fearing grass, is native to tropical America. Because its leaves will react to heat and light, they will close immediately when touched by external force, so it is named mimosa. Unlike animals, plants have no nervous system and no muscles, and they will not perceive external stimuli. Unlike ordinary plants, mimosa droops its petiole and closes its small leaves when touched by the outside world. This action is understood as "shyness", so it is called mimosa, grass that knows shame and grass that is afraid of ugliness.

11. Plants with Buddhist roots-Canna

Canna, also known as red banana, is native to tropical areas such as America, India and Malay Peninsula, and grows in large areas in Yunnan and Sichuan in China. It is a common ornamental plant in subtropical and tropical areas. Canna is extremely colorful and red as a flame, and it is not only beautiful, but also can suck the sweet juice from the flower stem, which is the purest memory of many people's childhood. According to Buddhism, canna is made of blood from the toes of Buddha. It's a large flower. Canna in full bloom in the sun and hot weather makes people feel its strong will to exist.

12. The bane of the most poisonous plant-Bambusa rubra

Bambusa rubra, also known as Kadushu, has red-green leaves and slender plants. It grows in the tropical rain forest of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, and is the only antidote to the most poisonous plant in the world-blood-bleeding tree. Most of them grow around the blood-sealed throat tree, which looks like grass, and only a few Yi elderly people can recognize it.

13. Selaginella Selaginella, a drought-tolerant plant

Selaginella Selaginella, also known as nine dead rejuvenation grass, grows in Yunnan, Guangxi, Taiwan Province and other places in China. Selaginella Selaginella is also known as Jiujiuhuancao, because it has strong adaptability to the environment. Selaginella Selaginella's roots can be separated from the soil by itself, curled like fists, moved with the wind, and proud when it meets water, and the roots can drill into the soil again to find water. Because of its strong drought resistance, after a long drought, as long as the roots are soaked in water, they can stretch again, hence the name. It is both ornamental and medicinal.

14. The sacred plant-Diyong Jinlian

Diyong Jinlian, also known as the Thousand-petal Lotus, is native to Yunnan, China, and is a special flower in China. Diyong Jinlian is designated as one of the "five trees and six flowers" by Buddhist temples, and it is also the embodiment of kindness and the symbol of punishing evil in Dai literary works. It is said that at the birth of Buddha, every step will bring out a golden Jinlian. Yunnan folk also use its stem juice to relieve alcoholism and detoxify, and make hemostatic drugs.

15. Dancing grass

In Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Institute, there is a kind of grass that knows music. Its sense of touch is particularly sensitive and it can vibrate leaves by sound waves. When there is a gentle song or music sound, its leaves will jump up and down with the rise and fall of the gentle voice. The faster the music or singing tone rises and falls, the slower it will jump. When the music stops, it stops beating at once.

This kind of grass is named Dancing Grass by botanists because of its wonderful wooden collar. When a man sings, because of the strong sound waves, he dances very happily, so people call him anemone. Dancing grass is rare in China, and it is also a rare plant in the world. Scientists have not yet solved the mystery of why dancing grass plays blue music. Dancing grass not only has high scientific research value, but also has high tourism ornamental value.

16. The flower with the most colors-color-changing flower (Jialan)

The petals of Jialan began to turn green and claw-shaped. The middle of the petals turned yellow the next day, and the tip of the petals was bright red. The petals were inlaid with Phnom Penh. Three days later, the stem and middle of the flower changed from green and yellow to golden, orange to bright red respectively, which looked like a flaming flame from a distance.

17. The largest floating lotus-Menglun Wang Lian

The largest floating lotus in Yunnan is Wang Lian in the pool of Menglun Botanical Garden in Xishuangbanna. Wang Lian's mature leaves are round and basin-shaped, with great buoyancy, and can ride a child weighing 2 kilograms. Wang Lianhua is big and beautiful, and it is exposed to the water, with a diameter of 25-3 cm. It turns yellow at first and then rose. Its seeds contain starch and are edible, which is called rice in water. Wang Lian is a perennial floating-leaf aquatic plant, native to the Amazon River basin in Brazil, and introduced to Menglun Botanical Garden in Xishuangbanna in 1963.

18. The most expensive grass-black knot grass

There is a kind of grass in Shizong, Luoping, Qiubei and Guangnan of Wenshan Prefecture in Qujing, Yunnan Province, which grows in broad-leaved forest and is attached to oak bark. The plant is about 1-2 cm high, with many nodes, and the nodes are dark brown, so the grass is black. Black knotweed has the functions of clearing throat, spreading throat and diminishing inflammation, and has special effects on hoarseness, so it is deeply loved by actors and singers. Fengwei (also known as Xifengdou) beverage, which is made of black grass, sells for more than 3, US dollars per kilogram in the world, and can be exchanged for 12 tons of wheat when exported. Therefore, black knot grass has become the most expensive herb in Yunnan Province. After years of collection, the current agricultural years of black-knot grass resources have decreased.

19. What is the largest in China? Banyan tree-the crown area is 5.5 mu

There is a big banyan tree next to Laodaonong Village, Tongbiguan, Yingjiang County. Its tree is so huge that dozens of people can't hold it together. Its trunk is covered with massive roots, such as mountains, canyons and valleys; Bundles of air roots are scattered on the tree stems, like giant pythons plunging their heads deep into the soil, as if to suck up all the water on the ground. The whole tree is connected with branches and roots, which constitutes the wonder of a single tree into a forest. It is a must in Yunnan and is called the Banyan King. It is listed as a tourist scenic spot by the state. According to experts' calculation and textual research, the crown of this tree covers an area of 5.5 mu, and 18 new trunks grow after the air roots are buried. This is the largest tree in China, and it has been nearly 3 years old. Tourists come here to see milk, all of which are amazing.

2. tenacious plant-the grass that can't be killed

The grass that can't be killed, also known as taking root, is native to Africa. This beautiful grass has tenacious vitality in every part of its body, and is not afraid of sun and rain, but also resistant to drought. The most amazing thing is that no matter how you trample on it, it will never die. Leaves can take root and sprout when they fall to the ground. Someone tried to smash it with a wooden stick, leaving no leaves. However, in less than two months, the crumbs that were knocked down in the soil, that is, the bud petals as big as sesame seeds on the broken leaf tips, actually took root and grew fresh and tender new buds.