Ruhr-gebiet, from the industrial center to the tourist destination.

German industrial output value ranks first in Europe for a long time, and Ruhr-gebiet is an important place to achieve this goal.

Ruhr-gebiet, located in the west of Germany, is named after it is mainly located in the Ruhr River basin, a tributary of the Rhine River. It covers an area of 4,593 square kilometers and has a population of about 6 million. Although the area is only 3/4 of that of China, the industrial output value once accounted for 40% of German, and the famous Thyssen and Krupp factories were born here.

Ruhr district is famous for its rich coal resources. /kloc-In the mid-9th century, it produced 80% hard coal, 90% coke and 60% steel production in Germany. Heavy industries such as coal industry, steel industry and chemical industry are particularly developed.

Convenient transportation is also a guarantee of success. There are 9,850 kilometers of railway lines in Ruhr, which is less than 5,000 square kilometers. The Rhine River can directly transport 7,000 tons of seagoing vessels from Rotterdam, the Netherlands to Duisburg. Coupled with the developed canal system in this area, the cargo transportation in this area is very convenient.

The developed industry in Ruhr is the material basis for Germany to launch two world wars. It is also one of the reasons for the rapid rise of West Germany after World War II.

After 1950s, with the decline of coal power status and global steel overcapacity, the economic development of Ruhr began to slow down. By the 1970s, the industrial output value of Ruhr was less than 1/6 of the national output value.

Some factories began to suffer serious losses, while others moved to other places, leaving only abandoned factories and polluted environment. The German government has carried out a very effective transformation to revitalize it.

Vigorously develop the tertiary industry, set up institutions of higher learning, and control environmental pollution. Ruhr has taken on a new look. For the abandoned factory, they did not completely destroy it, but transformed it into a creative cultural landscape.

It seems that the worthless factory has become a scenic spot for people to watch, receiving 6 million tourists every year, which is also a miracle.

Nowadays, the heavy industry base in south-central Liaoning, China is also facing the dilemma of Ruhr-gebiet, and the story of the transformation of Ruhr area is worth learning.