Introduction to the lakes in Wuliangsuhai

Wuliangsuhai, which means poplar forest (ulaastai nuur) in Mongolian, is located in the Urad Front Banner of Bayannur, Inner Mongolia. It is a trace lake formed by the diversion of the Yellow River. It is also an extremely rare large grassland lake in desert and semi-desert areas around the world. . It is one of the eight largest freshwater lakes in China. With a total area of ??300 square kilometers, it is known as the "Pearl Beyond the Great Wall"; it is an extremely rare large-scale multi-functional lake in arid grasslands and desert areas around the world, and is also the largest wetland at the same latitude on the earth.

In 2002, it was officially included in the list of internationally important wetlands by the International Ramsar Convention. It is now an important reed producing area in Inner Mongolia.

The formation of Wuliangsuhai is related to the diversion of the main stream of the Yellow River. The earliest Yellow River flowed eastward along the Wuga River on the south side of Langshan Mountain. Later, due to the uplift of the earth's crust, the Yellow River was blocked and turned southward, creating a larger A large depression, this is the predecessor of Wuliang Suhai. Later, due to the eastward invasion of wind and sand and the continuous expansion of the alluvial fan on the south side of Langshan Mountain, the river bed was raised. The Ujia River was blocked by sediment, and the river water overflowed into the depression to form the Wuliangsu Sea. The main stream of the Yellow River was forced to change its direction to the south. It flows eastwards.

Modern Wuliangsuhai is mainly supplied by the tail water from the Wuga River, Changji Canal, Minfu Canal and other irrigation canals. The water depth is 0.5 to 1.5 meters, the maximum water depth is about 4 meters, and the water storage capacity is 250 to 300 million cubic meters. The salinity of water is on the rise, reaching 4 g/L in the early 1970s. In the late 1970s, the mineralization level rose to 6 g/L. The lake is rich in food and fish resources. In addition to carp, there are also more than 20 fish species such as crucian carp, grass carp and silver carp. Reed and cattail resources are also abundant. Wuliangsuhai was part of the Yellow River in ancient times. After the Yellow River was diverted, Heji Lake was formed. It is now the largest lake in the Yellow River Basin and one of the eight largest freshwater lakes in China.

However, there is currently a large amount of yellow moss growing in Wuliangsuhai, a large amount of garbage is floating on the water, and dead fish can be seen in many places.

According to reports, since the 1990s, the amount of natural water supply in Wuliangsuhai has continued to decrease. However, the discharge of urban sewage and industrial wastewater has increased significantly, resulting in a sharp reduction in lake area, severe degradation of ecological functions, serious eutrophication of lake water bodies, and accelerated swampification process.

According to the "Outline of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region". During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the preparation and implementation of the "Wuliangsuhai Comprehensive Management Plan" will be accelerated, water replenishment projects will be implemented, and water body replacement will be achieved.

The water pollution control in Wuliangsuhai was pretty good in 2015. When I came here, there was no fishy smell like before, and the breeze was blowing, as cool as the wind. In Inner Mongolia, the only sea scene that can be seen is Wuliang Suhai.