Brief introduction of Meng Haoran, an idyllic poet in Tang Dynasty. What is the relationship between Meng Haoran and Li Bai?

In the first year of Tang Yongchang (689), Meng Haoran was born in Xiangyang City, with a scholarly family and a thin production.

In the first year of Emperor Taizong (698), Meng Haoran studied fencing with his younger brother.

In the second year of Tang Jinglong (708), Meng Haoran was 20. He visited Lumeng Mountain all the year round and wrote the poem "Lumeng Mountain Topic". Poetry marks the basic formation of Haoran's unique poetic style.

In the second year of Tang Jingyun (7 1 1), Meng Haoran was 23 years old and lived in Lumen Mountain with Zhang Zirong.

In the first year of Tang Dynasty (7 12), in winter, I sent Zhang Zirong to take the exam as a scholar and wrote a poem "Send Zhang Zirong to a scholar". From the age of 25 to 35, I left my family, traveled far, made friends, worshipped officials and celebrities in order to get into the body.

In the fifth year of Tang Kaiyuan (7 17), I visited Dongting Lake. Gan Yi said to Zhang. Climb Yueyang Tower and write a poem "The Story of Yueyang Tower".

In the sixth year of Tang Kaiyuan (7 18), in February, Zhang called it the history of Jingzhou. Go to work in April Haoran lived at home, wrote poems lamenting poverty and frustration, and longed for someone to introduce him to the emperor.

In the eighth year of Tang Kaiyuan (720), Haoran fell ill in late spring, and gave Zhang Zirong a poem "Send Zhang Ba when he was ill in late spring". On September 9th, Haoran and Jia Gan went to the fairy mountain to sing poems and make wine.

In the 12th year of Tang Kaiyuan (724), Meng Haoran was thirty-six, and Hans was reinstated as the secretariat of Xiangzhou. Lu Wei is Xiangyang's order, and Hao Ran and he have forgotten each other. Because Xuanzong was in Luoyang, he went to Luoyang for an official, and stayed in Luoyang for three years with nothing.

In the 13th year of Kaiyuan in Tang Dynasty (725), Li Bai went out to Shu to help Han in Dongting, and Meng Haoran made friends with Li Bai and became close friends. When Hans died, the son of heaven wrote an inscription for his monument. Haoran and Lu Wei set up a stone mountain.

In the 14th year of Tang Kaiyuan (726), in March, Haoran traveled to Yangzhou, passing through Wuchang, and met Li Bai. Li Bai bid farewell to a poem in the Yellow Crane Tower.

In the 15th year of Tang Kaiyuan (727), Meng Haoran rushed to Chang 'an for the first time to take the imperial examination.

In the 16th year of Tang Kaiyuan (728), in the early spring, he wrote the poem Chang 'an Pingchun in Chang 'an to express his yearning and feelings. Meng Haoran was thirty-nine years old and failed in the imperial examination. In the same year, Meng Haoran made friends with Wang Wei, who painted Meng Haoran, and they became friends. Meng Haoran stayed in Chang 'an to offer poems after the failure of Jinshi. He once wrote poems in imperial academy, became a famous minister and paid tribute to him. He and Zhang are very good friends. Legend has it that Zhang said that he was invited to the interior office privately, which coincided with the arrival of Xuanzong, and Haoran fled under the bed. Zhang said he didn't dare to hide it. According to the facts, Xuanzong was ordered to see it. Haoran recited his poem to the sentence "I was exiled by a wise ruler because of my mistakes", and Xuanzong was very unhappy. He said, "You don't want to be an official, and I haven't abandoned you. Why should you accuse me?"! "Put it back in Xiangyang. After roaming in wuyue, I was extremely poor.

In 729, Meng Haoran left Chang 'an, moved to Xiangyang and Luoyang, traveled to wuyue in summer, and went boating with Cao in Taihu Lake. Cao San's suggestion was to recommend Haoran, who declined to write poetry politely. The next year, he visited the famous temples in the south of the Yangtze River.

In the 19th year of Tang Kaiyuan (73 1), Meng Haoran was 43 years old in the same year. In spring, he presented Xie Fuchi's poems in Yuezhou to show his concern for farming. Continue to write poems with friends in Jiangsu and Zhejiang.

In the 22nd year of Tang Kaiyuan (734), Meng Haoran went to Chang 'an for the second time, but he didn't. Haoran returned to Xiangyang that year.

In the 23rd year of Tang Kaiyuan (735), Han Chaozong was appointed as the secretariat of Xiangzhou, and was very appreciative of Meng Haoran, so he invited him to dinner and recommended him to the court. Meng Haoran didn't go to Beijing as agreed, because he thought that Han Chaozong, as a secretariat, couldn't let him be an official. In the same year, Li Bai went to Xiangyang to play with Meng Haoran. After Li Bai left, Haoran went to Shu and traveled to Guanghan.

In 737, the shogunate joined Tang Kaiyuan for twenty-five years, and Zhang Jiuling became the long history of Jingzhou, which led to the demise of the shogunate. Before long, he returned to his former residence.

In the 26th year of Tang Kaiyuan (738), Haoran traveled to many places in Jingzhou. In summer, Haoran was lying in Xiangyang with gangrene on his back. The next year, my illness got worse and many friends came to visit me.

Finally, in the 28th year of Kaiyuan in Nanyuan Tang Dynasty (AD 740), Wang Changling was demoted to Xiangyang to visit Meng Haoran. They met happily. Meng Haoran has a poisonous sore on his back. He will be fine. He died because he indulged in feasting and eating fresh food.

Poetry is the first person to achieve the pastoral poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and it is the forerunner of "Xiangxing" creation.

The poetic school represented by Wang Wei and Meng Haoran formed in the prosperous Tang Dynasty is also called pastoral school. In order to highlight its outstanding role in the pastoral poetry school, later generations also called it "Wang Meng Poetry School". This school is as long as the poems of Tao Yuanming and Xie (Xie Lingyun and Xie Me), with pastoral poems and secluded life as the main themes, and its style dilutes nature. Meng Haoran's poems got rid of the narrow realm of chanting things in Lu and Tang Dynasties, expressed more personal hugs, brought fresh breath to Kaiyuan poetry circle and won the admiration of people at that time. Meng Haoran was the first poet who wrote landscape poems in the Tang Dynasty and the forerunner of Wang Wei. His travels are vividly described, and Dongting Lake's letter to Premier Zhang is magnificent.

Meng Haoran's life experience is relatively simple, and the theme of poetry creation is relatively simple. Meng's poems are mostly five-character short stories, mostly pastoral poems and secluded poems, and most of them are in the mood of serving immortals. Although it is not without cynicism, it is more of a poet's self-expression. Meng Shi's poetry is not carving, but thinking, full of wonderful self-satisfaction interest, not frugality and poverty. He is good at exploring the beauty of nature and life, immediately understanding the scene and writing his true feelings at the moment. For example, Qiu Deng Wan Shan sends Zhang Wu, Summer is in the South Pavilion, Guo Zhuang, Night Sleeping in Jiande, Night Song of Deer Gate, etc. , naturally become muddleheaded, but the artistic conception is clear and full of charm.

In Meng Haoran's view, the image in his landscape poems is no longer a description of the original landscape, nor a simple addition of his personal feelings, but a kind of expression technique, which combines the description of landscape images with the display of his thoughts, feelings and temperament, thus making the image description in his landscape poems reach an unprecedented height and raising the image in his landscape poems to an advanced artistic image form, that is, "image". It can be said that before Meng Haoran, no poet's landscape poems could touch the author's personality so deeply.

A relaxed and natural poetic style

Meng Haoran's poems are mainly characterized by seclusion, leisure, wandering and worrying, and his poetic style is light and natural, and he is good at five-character ancient poems.

Meng Haoran was the first poet who devoted himself to writing landscape poems in Tang Dynasty. He mainly writes landscape poems, and he is one of the representatives of the pastoral school of landscape poems. In the early stage, he mainly wrote political poems and frontier fortress ranger poems, and in the later stage, he mainly wrote landscape poems. Today, there are more than 200 poems, most of which were written when he wandered, and some of which were written when he visited his hometown Wanshan, Xianshan and Lumen Mountain. There are also several poems describing rural life. The geographical scope of this poem is quite extensive.

Landscape is the most important theme of poetry in the Southern Dynasties, which has experienced long-term development and made remarkable achievements. By Meng Haoran, landscape poetry has been promoted to a new height, mainly in the following aspects: the relationship between emotion and scenery in poetry is not only a foil to each other, but also a close fit like water; The artistic conception of poetry is more pure and clear because all unnecessary and uncoordinated elements are eliminated; The structure of the poem is also more perfect. Meng Haoran prefers water rafting during his trip, as he himself said: "For many mountains and rivers, he often goes boating." (Jingqilitan) His poems mostly describe the beauty of Jiangnan water town and the interest of roaming, such as boating in the west)

Mr. Fang Rixi pointed out in the article "On the Lightness of Meng Haoran's Poetic Style": "Looking at Meng Haoran's poetic style, there are roughly three aspects: first, his thoughts and feelings are light, without intense feelings; Secondly, the poetic expression is weak and there is no strong poetic display; Third, the language is pale and there is no colorful description.

Rich artistic conception of landscape poems

The artistic conception of Meng Haoran's landscape poems is full of vitality and tranquility. But he can also express his greatness with magnificent writing. Such as "seeing Lushan Mountain in Lipeng Lake". Pan Deyu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, took this poem and fishing in Putan in his early years as examples, calling Meng Zhi's poem "vigorous and overlooking everything" ("Yang Shi Hua"), which showed its important characteristics of exuberance. Yin was a famous poetry critic in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He liked to talk about poetry with one word. When commenting on Meng Haoran's two poems, he also said that "whatever the image is, it is true" (see what). The so-called "towards the star" means that the poet's emotion and spirit control the image, making it integrate with the vibration of the poet's mind, thus gaining life, personality and vitality. It is a common feature of Meng Haoran's poems to emphasize "looking to the stars". This can be seen more clearly by comparing several different works. The three poems, A Message from Dongting Lake, A Boat from Tonglu to Yangzhou Friends and A Night Sleeping in Jiande, are all about rivers and lakes, but they have different personalities. The first song was written by Meng when he applied for the Zhang Jiuling shogunate. He was excited to have a chance to try his ambition. He once wrote "Grateful to Play the Crown, Keep Peace and Stay Poor" (Shu Huai Yi Jing Yi Hao Tong) and "It's not too late for an old friend to die now" (Send Ding Dafeng Jinshi to Zhang Jiuling). It is this high-spirited emotion that made him write such a magnificent famous sentence as "Clouds, dreams and fog around Yueyang". The second and third songs were written on the day when I traveled to southern wuyue after I was down and out. The former wrote his own sad inner turmoil with the turbulent scenery of the wind and the river, while the latter wrote the feelings of lonely wanderers with the quiet scenery of the wild Qingjiang River. Their spirits are very different. Taking "Xing" as the essence and "Image" as the essence, highlighting the subject's emotional feelings, unifying the two and constructing a complete artistic conception are the important contributions of Meng Haoran's landscape poems.

Creative poetic expression

Being in and out of ancient physique is full of free and easy feeling, which is also one of the manifestations of Meng's creation. The language of Meng Haoran's poetry is "light language but not light taste" (Shen Deqian's Poems), which does not communicate the strange and the different, but avoids the common. Some of his poems are often refined in simple descriptions, but the dense latitude and longitude seem to be inadvertently displayed, showing high artistic skill. For example, his famous work "Passing through the Old People's Village". Throughout the narrative, it seems to be homely, which is similar to Tao Yuanming's "Drinking" and other poems, but Tao wrote ancient style, but this poem is close to it. The couplet "We see green trees around your village, and the mountains in the distance are light blue" makes the finishing point to outline the typical environment of a village surrounded by green mountains and trees. There is also a five-line poem "Spring Dawn" that women and children can recite, which is also a subtle feeling of cherishing spring in natural language. In addition, Meng Haoran often breaks through the limitation of the inherent formula in the use of poetic style, which makes him have a different interest. For example, in the poem "Looking at the boat in the middle", the flat and parallel tones are all in pentatonic format, but China's couplets are not parallel prose, which is full of ancient charm. Hu Yinglin's "Poems for Poetry" holds that such poems are "naturally short and ancient in the Six Dynasties, and if they rhyme, they will feel detached." Another example is "Returning to Lumen Mountain at Night", which is poetic, but only writes the journey of returning all the way at night, without extravagance. The scale of his writing system is similar to that of modern poetry, which absorbs the concise language of modern poetry and highlights the sentence structure of chorus, which is quite exciting to read.

Unique aesthetic view of poetry

Meng Haoran also has his own unique views on the artistic form of poetry creation. He advocates that poetry should think in images, shape images through the language of poetry and express the meaning of poetry through images. Readers are proud of "abandoning images and forgetting words". He wrote in the poem "Li Ben's New Zuo Ting": "We should abandon the image and realize, forget the words and reason." What do you get in silence? Singing is also awkward! "Meng Haoran borrowed the theory of' abandoning images and forgetting words' in Buddhism and Taoism philosophy, and advocated that the lyrical expression and expression of poetry creation should not be too straightforward, but should have overtones and meanings beyond images.

Meng Haoran also advocated that poetry should be "exquisite and natural" instead of being bound by near-body rhythm. Meng Haoran collected 267 poems, including 63 five-character poems, 6 seven-character poems, 30 five-character poems, 4 seven-character poems, 37 five-character poems, 9 five-character quatrains, and 8 seven-character quatrains. It can be seen that except for 69 ancient poems, all of them are modern poems, with the most five-character poems. It can be said that he was the first poet who wrote a lot of modern poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. However, most of these poems can't be regarded as modern poems in the strict sense. Poems such as Looking at the Night in the Boat, From Sending to Yangzhou, Sending Yanjiu from Dongting Lake, Sending New moths from Duxia, and Going to Yanshan with Friends do not conform to the duality of five-character poems. However, the poet spoke highly of them. Yan Yu's Cang Lang Shi Hua said: "Everything is orderly and sonorous." The complete maturity of modern poetry forms was in the Du period before Meng Haoran. Du is also from Xiangyang, and he can't help but know. So, why doesn't he go the way of Lao Du? In this regard, Shi Buhua's "Poems on Servants" thinks: "There are two typos in the five-character method, both of which have typos, which must be opened in one breath, which is wonderful and natural. Novices should pay attention to confrontation and not fall into this situation. " In other words, Meng Haoran's five-character law is illegal because of its deep-seated aesthetic reasons. His pursuit of natural beauty is a correction to the excessive pursuit of formal beauty in the early Tang Dynasty. He combines ancient style with modern style, and his modern style is mostly ancient style. The metrical spirit of modern poetry is organically combined with the natural peace of ancient style, thus achieving the artistic realm of "beautiful artistic conception". Reading Meng Haoran's poems, we can't see the bondage of near-body meter, but there is a flowing nature. We should not only accept the rules of the near body, but also be burdened by the rules of the near body, and take nature as the first standard in everything.

Li Bai's words to Meng Haoran: Beauty is unlucky, don't pay attention to the car, choose Songyun; Now whitehead. Gaoshan, how I long to reach you, that's all.

Du Fu: Poems and songs in Qing Dynasty can be handed down from generation to generation.

Yin [Jiang Yue Heroes Collection]: Haoran's poems are rich in literary talent, dense in latitude and longitude, semi-elegant in tune, and all cut vulgar style.

Pi Rixiu: Mr. Wang's works are full of praise when he meets the scenery, which makes people dirty and restrained. If they lose, they will be lucky and unfortunate. Xiao Yan in the Northern Qi Dynasty' the lotus is exposed, and the willow is in the middle of the moon'; Mr. Wang has Wei Yun Lian Han, Shu Yu Wu Tong. Wang Rong's "the sun shines brightly, the wind is moving and the spring is turbid"; The king said, "The fog of clouds and dreams has trapped Yueyang." . He Xun's poem is' dew wets the grass in the cold pond, and the bright moon reflects the Huai River'; Mr. Wang has "the wind sends lotus fragrance, and the bamboo leaves drip." This is better than the ancients.

Pi Rixiu, a native of Yunzhou, is one of his lyrical works, such as "After all, I will end up in the South Mountain", "Going to the Cold River in the Early Childhood", "Climbing the Wild Goose Mountain with Friends", "Xunyang Watching Lushan Mountain at Night" and "Wanshan Lake". I am often moved by the ethereal spirit. Although my brushwork is empty, it is profound and endless. Yan Yu uses Zen as a metaphor for poetry, which means that Haoran's poetry is wonderful (Cang Shi Hua Bian).

Su Shi: Zi Zhan's poetry is expensive, and the rhyme is high and short, such as making wine without material.

Wang Shiyuan's Preface to Meng Haoran's Collection: the bones are beautiful and clear, and the wind is scattered; Rescuing patients, resolving disputes, in order to establish righteousness; Irrigation of vegetables and bamboo is noble.

Fan Ze: Therefore, Meng Haoran of Chu Shi, whose style of writing is beautiful, has long since declined, with a late grave at home, a long decline in mountains and a generous journey. The former Qi Huangong is going to build a bigger tomb, and the gentry in Hezhou were very moved when they heard the news. Now the army is forced to work outside, and it may take a long time for guests to work at home. If you really let good people take advantage, you will lose your ambition.

Cai Chuan: Meng Haoran's poems are composed of An He Zong Yuanming, and there is a strong relaxed atmosphere in dilution.

Wang Shi Lu in Qing Dynasty once cited Haoran's poem "Xunyang Looking at Lushan Night" as a model: at this point, the poem is empty, and politics is like an antelope hanging in the corner, and there is no trace to be found. The painter called yipin.

Pan Deyu's Poem of Yang Yi Zhai in Qing Dynasty: Xu Dong took an early photo, and Pu Qin was surprised. Lying in the mouth of the fish, the sound of radiation is dark, and the sunrise weather is divided. Only then did I know that the rivers and lakes were dizzy and the ship knew the wind. Hanging seats for the morning hair, in the lake. See the middle stream, and press Jiujiang Bear. On the first day of the incense burner, the waterfall sprayed Chen Hong, which was full of energy and overlooked everything. It is not enough to make a clear statement.

Wen Yiduo: Like many literati with hermit tendencies at that time, Meng Haoran initially lived in seclusion for a romantic ideal and a sacred tacit understanding with the ancients.

Anecdotal allusions are hidden in the mountains and rivers of Lumen Mountain. Meng Haoran likes boating. "My family is in Nandutou, and I am used to boating with savages." It has adapted to this temperament. From Jiannanyuan to Lumen Mountain, there is a water journey of nearly 20 miles; It's a 30-mile water journey from Lumen Mountain to Xiangyang City, so boating is very convenient. Perhaps it was the economic depression in the early Eastern Han Dynasty, and the construction of Lumeng Temple and Jia Xi Pond inspired him. Guangwudi was named Hou, and the city is in Yicheng today. Jia Xi Pond is a private hidden garden, which is also a "villa". I love mountains and rivers, and the connection of the three places constitutes an ideal sightseeing route. Starting from Yicheng, we went boating on Hanshui River to the foot of Lumen Mountain, "tied the rope and climbed to practice", and went to Lumen Temple to worship the gods and enjoy the mountain scenery. Then, go down the mountain to board the boat, cross Zhou Yuliang to the foot of LAM Raymond Mountain, disembark and go ashore at Jia Xi Pond Villa. From Jia Qianchi to Yicheng, you can row a boat, ride a horse or take a bus along the canopy. Yu is on this line, enjoying the peaceful and peaceful life brought by Guangxu Zhongxing. Meng Haoran, on the other hand, enjoys the idyllic pleasure of the prosperous Tang Dynasty in this picturesque landscape.

There are four allusions to Meng Haoran in history: Wang Wei's, Li Bai's, Li Yuanmao's and Zhang Shuo's.

Wang Wei said

Meng Haoran, a poet in Xiangyang, was well known to Wang Youcheng during the Kaiyuan period. There is a saying that "Wei Yun is a faint river with sparse raindrops." . YouCheng chanting, often applaud. Once, Wei was waiting for a letter in the golden palace, saying that the businessman was good, and suddenly he heard of his official position. Panic fell under the bed, Wei did not dare to hide and heard about it. "I've never heard of him before," he said happily. Because of that letter He said, "Will you get a poem?" Haoran listened: "I don't know my occupation." Life is singing. Haoran played the imperial edict, worshipped the dance and recited poems, saying, "I don't petition at the North Palace Gate, but only in this shabby house on Zhongnanshan. I was expelled by a wise ruler because of my mistake. I was ill for so long that I didn't see my friend. " I listened and said, "I have never given up on others, so I don't want to make progress." Why should I do this? " I was released to Nanshan because of my life, and I will not be an official for life.

Li Bai said

Haoran became friends with Li Bai, and Tang Xuanzong recruited Li into the Hanlin. As an old friend, Meng had hoped to win the championship, but after a long time no news, he went to Beijing to pay tribute. One day, Xuanzong told Li to enter the right because he talked calmly about Meng Haoran. Zou Li said, "I am an old friend. I see that I am in my private life now." I am eager to call for correctness, so that I can make good sentences. Meng Haoran recited a poem: "I will no longer petition at the North Palace Gate, but go to this shabby house on Zhongnanshan. I was expelled by a wise ruler because of my mistake. I was ill for so long that I didn't see my friend. " He was unhappy, but said, "The imperial court has retired before Haoran entered the book. Why not say: it's foggy in Yunmeng Valley, and Yueyang is up and down? Fate is not losing grace, but putting on clothes at last.

Zhang said.

On the recommendation of Zhang Shuo, Ming Chengzu called Haoran and asked him to recite what he had done. Read aloud: "I am not petitioning at the North Palace Gate, but petitioning in this shabby house in Zhongnanshan. I was exiled by Mingjun because I made a mistake. I have been ill for so long and I can't see my friends." The frequency of white hair is that people are getting more and more every day, and spring is coming to force them to die. So I lay awake and meditated, and the window was empty at night in the moonlight. " The emperor said, "will I abandon you if you don't beg me?" Why don't you say: Clouds dream of fog and turn to Yueyang. " Abandon because it is.

Li Yuanzhang said

Meng Haoran visited Li Xiang in Huashan, and it happened that Li Yuanlong was absent. Meng Haoran left a quatrain saying, "There are three Hitachi in front of the old lady's door, but the bamboo foil screen can't be opened in the daytime. Throw the poem into the book bag, such as watching Huashan. " One day, the Ming emperor asked him to give him a good sentence. Meng said, "I didn't petition at the North Palace Gate, but I broke the house in Zhongnanshan. I was expelled by a wise ruler because of my mistake. I was ill for so long that I didn't see my friend. " Why don't you say, "Clouds dream and fog come, and you turn to Yueyang?" That was not the case.

Meng Haoran, who stood me up, took an exam in Beijing at the age of 40 and wrote poems with a group of poets. His two poems "Wei Yun is a light river man, the rain is sparse, and the phoenix tree" are all over the room, and the title of the poem is also well known. Zhang Jiuling, Wang Wei, then prime minister, and other Beijing officials who loved poetry all came to make friends with him. County magistrate Han Chaozong first publicized his talents to other senior officials, and then asked him to take him to recommend them to those people. On the appointed day, Meng Haoran and a group of friends drank and talked about poetry, which was very harmonious. Someone reminded him that you have an appointment with the Han Palace, so I'm afraid you can't neglect others because you don't keep the appointment. He said unhappily, I've already drunk, and I'm happy physically and mentally, so I don't care about the rest.

Meng Haoran's family works include three volumes of Meng Haoran's Collection, edited by Wang Shiyuan in the Tang Dynasty. This book contains 2 18 poems by Meng Haoran, and is photocopied by Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House 1994. Many works have been derived from this book, including: Jin Mao's original name in Ming Dynasty is Meng Xiangyang Collection, and there are also three volumes, the arrangement of which is different from that in Song Dynasty. In the Ming dynasty, there was an addendum to Gu Daohong's engraving, with a volume compiled outside Xiangyang. Photocopying and engraving four volumes and four series; Zhang Xunye published two volumes in Ming Dynasty, and Yang Yitong published one. 1975 Taipei Student Bookstore published You Xinli's Notes on Meng Haoran. 1988 collation of Li Menghaoran's poems published by Bashu Bookstore. 1998 People's Literature Publishing House published Xu Peng's Notes on Meng Haoran's Collected Works. In 2000, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House published Tong Peiji's Notes on Meng Haoran's Poems.

Historical Records records the Biography of Meng Haoran in the New Tang Dynasty.

Biography of Meng Haoran, a talented person in Tang Dynasty

Later generations influenced the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

Chen Li, Du and Wang Wei all admire Meng Haoran. Obviously, apart from personality, they can't fail to be inspired and influenced by this predecessor poet, and they can't fail to show due respect for his achievements. "Li Bai and Wang Wei are friends of Meng Haoran, and their poems and songs are sung and influenced each other. Whether Du Fu and Meng Haoran have any contact or not has never been proved. But obviously, Du Fu was influenced by Meng Haoran. Their thoughts of advocating Confucianism and pursuing official advancement are the same. Du Fu especially admired Meng Haoran's poems. His poem Yueyang Tower is influenced by Meng Haoran's poem Dongting Lake, and some of his quatrains are quite noble. The influence on Li Bai can be summarized in four aspects: first, in the personality independent of the powerful. Meng Haoran hates power traitors and spurns followers. I would rather "brush my clothes and die" than stand in the dirt. This character is in the same strain as Li Bai's behavior of making friends with princes and refusing to bow down. Second, in the spirit of Ren Xia. The spirit expressed in Meng Haoran's poems, such as sending Wu Xuan to the Qin Dynasty, joining the army and sending him away, can be seen everywhere in Li Bai's poems. Third, in the poetic style. Meng Haoran's poems often have their own images, and words and sentences often highlight the theme. I, Yu and Yu are not uncommon, such as "I came yesterday", "I forgot my plane when I gave it", "I left home for a long time" and "I was floating on the sea" and so on. Li Bai's poems are even more so, with strong personality and strong subjective color of self-expression, which is blue compared with Meng Haoran. Such as "the road is as wide as the sky, there is no way out in front of me", "Taibai speaks to me and opens the sky for me", "The wind blows my heart and hangs Xianyang trees in the west" and so on, I am everywhere. Fourth, in the poetic style. Meng Haoran is good at five-character poems and seven-character poems, which is Li Bai's strong point. Mr. An Qi said in Biography of Li Bai that this was the result of Meng Haoran's guidance. In the creation of five-character metrical poems, Meng Haoran has the characteristics of "taking classical poems as metrical poems", while Li Bai is "diverse". Yan Yu said in Cang Shi Lang Dialect: "There is a problem with rhyme, and the princes in the prosperous Tang Dynasty had this style. For example, Meng Haoran's poem "Looking Southeast ..." and "Boundless Water Country" and "A Night by the River" are too white, all of which are in good order, sonorous in sound and rhyme, and have no duality in eight sentences. "

Meng Haoran's influence is also reflected in the poetry creation of Xiangyang poets. After Meng Haoran, many landscape poets appeared in Xiangyang. There are authors of a night-mooring near maple bridge, famous scholars who are "blue-minded, building houses and sleeping in clouds, collecting water and firewood", honest and clean, good at recruiting talents, and Yu who was praised as "the first poet and the crown of writers" by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. They are all poets bred by Xiangyang landscape. Reading their landscape poems, we can clearly feel Meng Haoran's influence.

late tang dynasty

The acceptance and dissemination of Meng Haoran by scholars in the late Tang Dynasty turned to the acceptance and dissemination of his noble image. Their acceptance and dissemination of Meng Haoran's image as a poor scholar are mostly reflected in some scattered poems. Mainly some late Tang poets represented by Pi Rixiu.

Song dynasty

From the time of Renzong in the early Northern Song Dynasty to the time after the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty, Song people have been using Meng Haoran's poems for nearly 300 years, or learning Meng Haoran's poems in narrative creation. Su Shi, a literary leader in the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty, had a positive response to Meng Haoran's poems and had a telepathic chorus from generation to generation. After Su Shi, among the "Four Bachelor of Su Men", Huang Tingjian, the eldest brother, is the most active and conscious in learning Meng Haoran's poems. You Mao, Lu You, Yang Wanli and Fan Chengda, known as the "four masters of Zhongxing", are the representatives with the highest achievements in the Southern Song Dynasty. These four great poets are the representatives of the highest achievements of poetry in the Southern Song Dynasty. They just learned the poetic style, poetic realm and poetic style of Meng Haoran, an outstanding poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and there is also a * * *. All four of them have been running around in their careers for a long time. After being frustrated, they all lived happily in mountains and rivers and wandered in the countryside in the south of the Yangtze River. The works of the four frustrated and idle people are all influenced by Meng Haoran's poems to varying degrees. Among the four people, especially Yang Wanli and Lu You, they not only imitate Meng Haoran's poems, but also imitate Meng Haoran in every move and manner.

The tomb of Meng Haoran, a memorial cemetery for later generations, is located at the south foot of Dongfeng Forest in Xiangyang City (Xiangcheng District), Xiangyang City. During Tang Dezong's period (780 ~ 805), his tomb was somewhat dilapidated, and Shi Fan saved his life by carving an extra monument. Mounds in the late Qing Dynasty. The current height is 1 m, and the bottom diameter is about 3 meters, which is well preserved.

Memorial Hall Meng Haoran Memorial Hall was built in 2003, located at Lumen Mountain, Jin Dong Town, Xiangzhou District, 5 km southeast of Xiangyang City. Lumen Temple, which was founded in the Jianwu period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, has been a Buddhist resort and a gathering place for scholars and scholars since the Wei and Jin Dynasties. Pang Degong, a famous scholar in the late Han Dynasty, Meng Haoran and Pi Rixiu, poets in the Tang Dynasty, all lived here. Lumeng Temple has preserved ancient buildings such as stone road, faucet fountain, waterfall and rain pool, patio and hall, as well as inscriptions of Song, Ming and Qing dynasties. There are Pang Degong Baicao Cave, Meng Haoran Pavilion, Hufu Pavilion, Wangjiang Pavilion and other scenic spots 16, which is surrounded by mountains and waters, making a clear spring. The surrounding forest area is more than 2,600 mu, and the forest coverage rate is 92.5%, which has been listed as a national level.