The full text of Hu Shi's prose "Travel Notes to Mount Lu"

Lushan Mountain is a very famous cultural tourism destination in China. There are not only spectacular and beautiful natural scenery here, but also many poems by ancient humanistic poets. In modern times, a series of buildings and infrastructure have been built, making it an excellent place for tourism. Here, I will share with you the travel notes to Mount Lu written by Hu Shi.

Last night, I heard the sound of pine trees and raindrops all night long, but I couldn't tell them apart at first. After listening for a long time, I could distinguish the pine trees when it rained and the pine trees when it stopped raining. The momentum was so shocking that I barely slept all night.

The rain in the early morning has stopped, so we are setting off. On the road from Haihui Temple to Bailu Cave, there are many trees, green and lovely after the rain. There are rhododendrons all over the mountains and plains, with red and light purple colors, the latter being more colorful and pleasing. I went to Japan last year. The cherry blossoms were over and the azaleas were in full bloom. There were many colors, but most of them were in parks and private homes. They were not as lovely as the mountains and plains today. Remember it is a four-line poem:

Changsong admires the ordinary, and he likes the blooming mountain flowers.

Purple and bright red are cute, so we should come here to find cuckoos.

Go to Bailu Cave. The former academy was the former Qing Jiangxi Higher Agricultural School, and additional school buildings were built. This building is dilapidated, messy, and really in a state of disrepair. The school moved and now has a Xilin office. Large nearby pine trees have wood chips nailed to them to represent the number of ancient pines to be preserved. Although the buildings here are extremely poor, the scenery outside the cave is still good. There are creeks, shallow rapids, and guzheng can be heard; there are stone bridges on the rivers, and even stone bridges on the highway bridge named by Zhu Ziqi. On the bridge, there are wisteria flowers on a pine tree behind the cave, reaching up to the branches of the tree. The vines are in full bloom, beautiful and pleasing to the eye.

There are no holes in the white cave. In middle school, Nankang Watcher Qin opened the back mountain and dug a hole. Why did the prefect chop the stone deer into the hole? These two people are really stupid!

White holes hold a special place in history for two reasons. One is because Bailudong Academy is the earliest academy. Yuan Zhong (937-942) of the Southern Tang Dynasty established Chinese Studies in Lushan, built a land to gather disciples, and Li Shandao was the master of the cave. It was established as an academy in the early Song Dynasty, and together with the three courtyards at Shigu and Yuelu in Suiyang, it was called the "Four Academy". He is the fourth ancestor of the Academy. Secondly, because Zhu rebuilt Bailudong Academy and made it clear that learning has no limit, it became the scale of the "lecture-style" academy for hundreds of years. The academies from the late Song Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty fall into this category. After Qianlong, the trend of simple learning became a reality, and new academies appeared; Ruan Yuan's Jingjing Society and Xuehai Tangcan are considered to be representatives of this new academic school. The academies of the Southern Song Dynasty worshiped Zhou Shao and other famous teachers of the Northern Song Dynasty; Yuan's academies worshiped He Zhu; in the late Ming Dynasty, most academies worshiped Yang Ming; after the decline, academies worshiped Zhu. After Jia's reign, the academy was dedicated to Xu Xuan rather than Neo-Confucianism. The difference in worship is the fundamental difference between the two academies. Offer sacrifices to Xu Shen, Zheng Xuan, etc. The difference in worship is the fundamental difference between the two academies.

Zhu Zaihai (1178) founded Bailudong Academy and attached great importance to it. The Prime Minister once said to me:

I would like to be the owner of Bailu Cave to be more official than the temple, so that I can eventually learn from all the students. The more I worship pagan incense, the more I can eat. ("Lushan Chronicles" VIII, page 2, quoting "Dong Chronicles".)

He clearly denounced the system of setting up sacrificial officials in Taoist temples in the Song Dynasty, and wanted to set up a Confucian sect in Bailu Cave to resist Taoism. Later, he told Xiaozong, asking for academies and books, saying: There are now more than a hundred old Buddhist palaces in the world, and no less than dozens of small towns, and the public and private incomes are still missing. As for schools, there is only one district in a county

("White Deer Cave Regulations" V, page 64, citing "Zhi"). )

The cedar trees we saw today are as thick as a thin bowl and were planted in the past two years. There are several large camphor trees, one of which is the "Five-clawed Camphor Tree", which has a lifespan of about three to four hundred years; "1 History" (editor's note refers to the "Guide") says that "all things in the Song Dynasty" seem to have no basis.

Go west from Wanshan Temple for about two or three miles to Xiufeng Temple. Wu Lao's "Guide to Mount Lu" does not include Xiufeng Temple, only Kaiguang Temple. Mao Deqi's "Zhi" (written in the 59th year of Kangxi). I bought one at Haihui Temple and had it repaired in the 10th year of Tongzhi, the 2nd year of Xuantong, and the 4th year of the Republic of China. The page numbers noted in my diary refer to this book. ) said:

Ding Hai, a monk from Kangxi Temple (1707), went to the Huaihe River to welcome him. He wrote to Xiufeng Temple as a gift to him and changed his name.

Guangsi Temple began in the Southern Tang Dynasty. Li Zhunian is a literary master who studied in Lushan. Later, the first generation Yang You founded the country, and Li Yi became the prince and then the heir. He missed Lushan Bookstore, so he built a temple there. Because it was an auspicious day for the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was named Kaixian Temple and was presided over by an eminent monk from Shaozong. In the early Song Dynasty, he was given the name of China and Tibet; after he was good at Siam, he became a Zen master, with hundreds of people. When you respond, you have a gift for handling things. Huang said: "The materials and utensils can make things happen. If you use them like fossils, they can flow thousands of miles, and everything will come true." Ying made a wish to return to this temple.

The first house that was accidentally opened was four hundred, and in Shiying it became six. Poor, strong and beautiful, it has been nine years now. (Huang Tingjian's "New Rise of Mount Lu", "Record of the Construction of Kaixian Zen Monastery" V, pages 16-18.)

This is the peak period for business opening. When Kangxi changed his name, the emperor gave him the imperial book "Zhi". At that time, "everyone in the world knew that there were extremely beautiful peaks" (Lang Tingji's "Heart Sutra", "Xiufeng Temple Notes" V, pp. 6-7.) At that time, it could also be called a prosperous age. Today, at that time, the so-called "poor, strong and beautiful" area was only a dozen dilapidated houses, and the rest were just dilapidated ruins.

On the reading table, there is a stele written by Emperor Kangxi in Mifu, which is still intact; the stone inscriptions of "Huangshan Gushu Zhi" and "Seven Buddhas' Verses" written by Wang Yangming, Zheng De and Chen Geng (1520) in March are slightly damaged.

Although the temple is decadent and sad, the scenery outside the temple is excellent. It is the best scenery in Shannan. The temple is located at the foot of Heming Peak, with Guibei Peak in the west, Huang Shiyan Peak in the west, Jian Peak in the west and Luxiang Peak in the southwest, each with its own unique scenery. There is Maweiquan Waterfall between the crane's back and the turtle's back, and there is waterfall water on the left side of the two swords; the two waterfalls and the two springs are far apart, almost flowing down the river, flowing into the valley, forming one water, gushes out from the mountain gorge, and becomes Qingyu Gorge. The most amazing sight. The water flows out of the canyon and into Longtan. Kunshan and Wang Zu went to Qingyu Gorge, but they were reluctant to go, so they sent someone to urge us to see it. When I reached the red edge with my dream, I lingered and refused to leave. There are many stone carvings on the canyon, including the words "First Mountain" from the Book of Mitti, now reproduced as a list of temple gates.

Xu Ning's poem "This ancient time is like a long white field, and a boundary breaks through the green mountains", which is about the waterfall. This waterfall is also mentioned in Li Bai's poem "The Monument of Commemorative Merits". There were many poems about waterfalls in the old "Waterfall Spring" years, but they were all unsatisfactory.

It is about twelve miles west from Xiufeng to Guizong Temple. We had lunch here, it was already past three in the afternoon. We were very hungry. Guizong Temple is Lushan Temple, which is also in decline. I took four volumes of Zhi from the temple. They were rebuilt by Ben Kun, a hard-working man during the Republic of China. They were printed with movable type and were full of errors. However, they are available for my reference.

We had a meal and went to the hot springs. The hot spring is near Chaisang Bridge, about five or six miles away from Guizong Temple, and in Yitiangou. After the rain, the water in the ditch is turbid and there are two bubbles, which are hot springs. Let's give it a try. It's hot in one place, but slightly cooler in another.

I bought three eggs from a farmer and placed about seven in two places.

The Guilai Pavilion was built by Zhu Zijian, which is next to Zuishi. Zhu Zi's handwriting of Yan Zhenqing's "Records of Guizong Temple" and a long postscript were all engraved on the stone. The date is the seventh month of Xichun Xinchou (1181). (Four, page 8.) The two palace orders no longer exist, and the drunken stone has also disappeared. Teacher Zhuang, "Zhi", said that he had been to Zuishi, but the people in the village didn't know. Remember it to tell later travelers.

This morning I read Zhou Bida's "Drunk Stone Poems" in the old "Zhi" sedan chair. It said that he visited Li Li and asked for a drunken stone. The master said: "There is Taogong Temple here, but there is no Li Li." (14, page 18b.) This was the case in the Southern Song Dynasty. It is even more difficult for us to find this place 700 years later. It is better to doubt it than to miss it. There is a saying: Savor the poems written by the predecessors: Five words chanting a ladle of wine, Lushan always wants to be a weathervane.

To this day, the green willows outside the door refuse to bend for the east wind.

I barely remember his name.

While reading this poem, I suddenly had a feeling: Why does Tao Yuanming love the most bendable willow tree? Today I came back from a hot spring bath and wrote a poem. The general idea is: Tao Yuanming and his Five Willows had a Tao Yuanming who risked his life and was greedy for alcohol.

Those who are tough can’t bend down, and they abandon their official posts and return empty-handed.

There were no violins and strings in the urn, and my wife and son walked barefoot.

The teacher recited a poem and smiled at the five willow trees on the fence. "Look at him!" he said. I don't have such a waist. "

Stay overnight at Guizong Temple.