Sichuan Targeted Poverty Alleviation Sichuan Youfang's composition

Sichuan Precision Poverty Alleviation Research Report

In order to solidly promote the e-commerce precision poverty alleviation work in Sichuan Province, according to the "Issue issued by the General Office of the Sichuan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the Sichuan Provincial People's Government" Notice on Implementing the Important Deployment and Division of Responsibility Plan of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Tenth Provincial Party Committee" (Sichuan Committee Department [2015] No. 18), "Implementation Opinions of the General Office of the Sichuan Provincial People's Government on Deeply Mobilizing Social Forces to Participate in Poverty Alleviation and Development" (Sichuan Provincial People's Government Office) According to the requirements of Banfa [2015] No. 57) and based on actual conditions, the following arrangements are made:

1. Promotional launch

(1) Find out the bottom line. The first is to find out the development of industry, agriculture, tourism and other industries in poverty-stricken areas in Sichuan Province (Sichuan Province), and sort out and form a resource library of famous, high-quality, new and special industries (products) in poverty-stricken areas in Sichuan. The second is to clarify the situation of emerging agricultural business entities such as local agricultural cooperative organizations, agricultural brokers, and enterprises in the agricultural e-commerce industry chain. The third is to find out the basic situation of poor households who are honest and trustworthy, have a strong desire to get rid of poverty, and have a good foundation; the fourth is to sort out the causes of poverty and understand the causes of poor families.

(2) Formulate a plan. Formulate the "2016 Province-wide E-commerce Targeted Poverty Alleviation Action Implementation Plan" and take effective measures to promote various tasks.

(3) Extended functions. Add the Sichuan e-commerce targeted poverty alleviation function to the Tianfu Online Fair platform, and build the "Tianfu Online Fair" into an e-commerce targeted poverty alleviation information hub and comprehensive service center that integrates sales display, comprehensive services, and information release; and Sichuan Province's "Sichuan Love" "Poverty Alleviation Network" and other public service platforms share information, cooperate horizontally, and improve the level of precise poverty alleviation through e-commerce through platform aggregation and services.

(4) Extensive mobilization. The first is to cooperate with the Provincial Poverty Alleviation and Immigration Bureau, the Provincial Agricultural and Industrial Committee, the Provincial Economic and Information Technology Commission, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Finance, the Department of Human Resources and Social Security, the Provincial Industry and Commerce Bureau, the Provincial Quality Supervision Bureau, the Provincial Tourism Bureau, the Provincial Food and Drug Administration, The Port Logistics Office of the Provincial Government, the Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League, the Provincial Women's Federation, the Provincial Supply and Marketing Cooperative, the Provincial Postal Administration, Sichuan Mobile, Sichuan Telecom and other provincial departments and the city (state) and county governments have formed a synergy through communication, negotiation, division of labor and collaboration,* **Work together to do a good job in poverty alleviation through e-commerce. The second is to hold the "Provincial E-commerce Targeted Poverty Alleviation Promotion Conference" to conduct work mobilization and on-site meetings, divide the target tasks into cities (states), counties, and enterprises, and do a good job in providing assistance to some key enterprises and cities (states) and counties. Pair up to ensure that e-commerce poverty alleviation takes root accurately.

(5) Propaganda and momentum building. With the help of central media, local media, and new media, we will conduct matrix three-dimensional publicity on targeted poverty alleviation through e-commerce in the province, and conduct extensive public opinion building. We strive to have central or provincial media every month, daily news or Sichuan political morning news, and Sichuan political morning news every half month. There are weekly publicity reports on Weibo and WeChat, making e-commerce targeted poverty alleviation achieve higher social benefits and visibility.

2. Key implementation

(1) Implement practical training. First, by the end of June, the sub-districts will fully complete the training of relevant staff in each poverty-stricken county (city, district) to help them understand and learn the relevant national and provincial policies and measures related to targeted poverty alleviation, and guide them to do a good job in e-commerce poverty alleviation. The second is to select relatively concentrated areas in the second and third quarters to provide training and classified guidance to local companies in areas such as thinking breakthroughs, model innovation, and resource integration. Carry out practical technical training for poor rural people, invite planting and breeding experts, craftsmen, and technical experts to give lectures and technical guidance, and guide the production of green and environmentally friendly products. The third is to focus on e-commerce knowledge and theory training for university graduates, young entrepreneurs who have returned to their hometowns from rural areas, and college student village officials, and provide them with a place for internship and training in e-commerce companies. More than 20,000 people have been trained, achieving full coverage of training, and starting Sichuan E-commerce innovation and entrepreneurship and poverty alleviation competition.

(2) Do a good job in docking. The first is to guide large-scale e-commerce companies to build a two-way circulation system and focus on supporting the closed-loop targeted poverty alleviation model of "e-commerce companies + capital + specialized organizations + farmers". Focus on solving the upward and outward extension of agricultural products, expanding the market share of green agricultural products in poor areas, and driving poor households to increase their income and become rich. The second is to integrate regional agricultural specialty product resources, promote county-county cooperation and cross-regional cooperation, and form a situation of complementary advantages and a win-win situation for all parties. Build 20 online and offline directly operated experience stores in important node cities, strive to involve Suning, JD.com and traditional large-scale circulation companies, open offline and offline markets, sell products from poor areas nationwide and around the world, and gradually Absorb the employment of poor people with certain skills in the upstream and downstream industries of e-commerce and solve poverty alleviation through multiple channels. The third is to create a good atmosphere for innovation and entrepreneurship development through the introduction and cultivation of the main team, and strengthen professional services such as planning, training, finance, art, and agent operations for the opening and operation of online stores for poor groups.

(3) Build supports. The first is to speed up the construction of rural broadband networks, coordinate with relevant departments to install and debug rural networks, and strive to have Internet access in every village and every household. The second is to coordinate relevant departments to certify pollution-free agricultural products and green foods that are operated on a large scale, promote brand building, organize e-commerce associations and agricultural product specialized organizations, formulate standards, do a good job in traceability and marketing, and strengthen quality and services. The third is to encourage and support logistics companies to build sorting, warehousing and cold chain logistics projects in product bases to solve the "first one kilometer" problem of distribution as soon as possible and improve the speed and quality of goods delivery.

(4) Strengthen assessment. The first is to strengthen statistical analysis. Use big data to help guide the production of agricultural products and achieve differentiated development.

The second is to establish and improve the e-commerce targeted poverty alleviation assessment and evaluation mechanism and reward and punishment incentive mechanism, and include e-commerce poverty alleviation work as an important part of the quantitative assessment of the main leaders of the municipal and county commerce departments.

(5) Consolidate and improve. Further upgrade the pilot demonstration counties that have been launched, expand the space for e-commerce targeted poverty alleviation, optimize the e-commerce targeted poverty alleviation system, and consolidate and deepen the effects of targeted poverty alleviation.

(6) Expand coverage. 10 new e-commerce targeted poverty alleviation counties will be added every year to start the decisive battle for targeted poverty alleviation and achieve greater regional coverage of targeted poverty alleviation.

(7) Brand cultivation. Relying on the market mechanism, fully explore local advantageous industries, enhance the value of relevant industrial chains, increase publicity efforts, and cultivate regional distinctive and advantageous brands.

3. Set up examples and demonstrate them

(1) Select examples. The first is to select 5 e-commerce targeted poverty alleviation demonstration counties among the poor counties in the province, the second is to create 20 e-commerce targeted poverty alleviation enterprise brands, and the third is to establish 50 e-commerce households as role models for getting rid of poverty and becoming rich.

(2) Improvement and perfection. The first is to organize experts and well-known entrepreneurs to carry out targeted poverty alleviation in poverty-stricken areas to help improve the level of e-commerce poverty alleviation. The second is to organize poverty-stricken areas to carry out e-commerce poverty alleviation work, learn and communicate, find the right starting points, and highlight practical results.

(3) Summary and commendation. First, a province-wide e-commerce targeted poverty alleviation summary conference was held to summarize experiences and commend advanced models. The second is to hold the Sichuan Provincial E-commerce Innovation and Entrepreneurship and Poverty Alleviation Finals. Promote the implementation of selected outstanding e-commerce innovation projects and create a development atmosphere. The third is to systematically summarize the effectiveness, experience and shortcomings of e-commerce poverty alleviation work throughout the year, and submit it to the provincial party committee and provincial government in an appropriate form.

Research Report on Targeted Poverty Alleviation in Sichuan

The Sixth Plenary Session of the 10th CPC Sichuan Provincial Committee made the decision to concentrate efforts to win the battle against poverty and ensure the building of a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, in line with the development situation of Sichuan and the people. Looking forward to it, it has won the hearts and minds of the people and further gathered the powerful force of entrepreneurship and promotion of "two leaps". Whether we can smoothly advance this work and make up for this "shortcoming" as scheduled is related to the simultaneous development of a comprehensive well-off society and the cohesion of the party's heart and the people's hearts. Recently, the author's research team went to Cangxi County, Guangyuan City to conduct an on-site investigation on the local targeted poverty alleviation situation. Through in-depth discussions with various county-level departments, 39 towns and more than 100 village groups, and interviews with party members and cadres, the author went into the villages. Household surveys are conducted to understand the current poverty situation and find out the poverty base, and try to analyze and identify some of the fundamental problems facing the current poverty alleviation and development efforts, and propose some countermeasures.

1. Overview of Poverty in Cangxi County and Basic Situation of Poverty Alleviation

Cangxi County is located at the northern edge of the Sichuan Basin, the southern foothills of the Qinba Mountains, and the middle reaches of the Jialing River, covering an area of ??2,330 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over 39 towns and 802 villages (communities). The total population is 790,000, of which 663,000 are agricultural people. In 2014, the comprehensive economic strength of the county ranked 36th among the 88 poverty-stricken counties in the province. As of June 30, 2015, there were 214 poor villages, 23,196 poor households, and a poor population of 67,946 in the county. As a national-level key poverty-stricken county and a key county for poverty alleviation and development in four large areas of the province, Cangxi County’s poverty characteristics include both large-scale and wide-ranging and deep-seated fundamental problems facing the province, as well as remote and dispersed poverty. , weak economic background, frequent disasters, and difficult individual problems to consolidate the results of poverty alleviation.

Since the Sixth Plenary Session of the Tenth Provincial Party Committee, party members and cadres at all levels in Cangxi County have implemented the central requirements and major decisions and arrangements of the provincial and municipal Party committees with strong political consciousness and responsibility, promoted the implementation of poverty alleviation and development, and achieved Effective. The first is to unify ideological understanding in learning and understanding. By conducting study lectures and special discussions at all levels, we can promote the central requirements and the spirit of the Provincial and Municipal Party Committee Plenary Sessions into our minds and hearts, and focus the minds and energy of party members and cadres on the decisive battle and victory in poverty alleviation; the second is to improve development ideas while studying and judging the situation. Organize county-level leaders and county-level departments, heads of townships and towns, village-based poverty alleviation work teams, first secretaries of poor villages, and liaison officers of joint villages to help households to conduct research on poverty alleviation work. On the basis of collecting poverty data and understanding the county situation, we studied and grasped the direction of national policies and industrial development, and found our own positioning. We proposed to take the lead in eradicating poverty in 88 impoverished counties in the province, and be the first to achieve this in similar counties in the province. The "two firsts" goals of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects have a clear timetable and road map. During the survey, everyone reported that these ideas and measures are in compliance with the requirements of the Central Committee and the Provincial Party Committee, and are also in line with the reality of the contiguous impoverished areas in the Qinba Mountains; the third is to promote development results while consolidating responsibilities. The Cangxi County Party Committee and County Government have effectively shouldered the primary responsibility for poverty alleviation, channeling responsibility pressure at all levels, urging cadres at all levels to take their responsibilities, and ensuring that various goals and tasks for poverty alleviation and prosperity are implemented and achieved results. Judging from the survey, although affected by the internal and external environment and facing multiple difficulties, cadres at all levels are currently in a good mental state, work diligently and pragmatically, have strong execution capabilities, and have a strong entrepreneurial atmosphere. In the first half of this year, the county's GDP reached 5.42 billion yuan, an increase of 10%; fixed asset investment reached 4.12 billion yuan, an increase of 9.1%; local government fiscal revenue reached 236 million yuan, an increase of 24.99%, especially the red heart Agricultural industries such as kiwi fruit and Sydney pears are booming, and rural areas are showing a prosperous development trend.

2. Several critical issues that currently require attention to research

Through the survey in Cangxi County, combined with the comparative analysis of 88 poverty-stricken counties in the province, the current situation in various places We are highly motivated and motivated to promote a new round of poverty alleviation and development. However, there are still six aspects to be solved in terms of how to better achieve targeted poverty alleviation and eradication, and realize the transition from "irrigation" to "drip irrigation". *Sexual issues require serious research.

1. Solve the problems of identification errors and difficult groups on the edge of poverty

Achieve "six precisions" and precise support targets are the basis. It is open, transparent and simple to identify and determine poor households according to the standard of farmers' per capita net income of less than 2,736 yuan in 2013 and establish a card. However, there are still some problems that cannot be ignored in the actual screening statistics. First, household survey errors bring identification bias. Due to the influence of traditional culture, most farmers have the mentality of "hiding wealth". It is difficult to fully understand the income of rural families by only relying on short-term household surveys. Survey statisticians have to use various methods to collect data and confirm the authenticity of the data. It is limited and may not be completely accurate. In addition, there are still a small number of people who want to be poor households, and some farmers separate their children from their parents' household registration before identification, resulting in an increase in the number of elderly poor households with meager incomes; second, the egalitarian mentality of the masses has caused the phenomenon of artificial "missing out". When assessing poor households in some areas, people think that after receiving subsistence allowances and then assessing poor households, they are "riding two horses." Some grassroots work is not meticulous and strict, resulting in some poor households being "missed"; third, they are at the poverty line. Farmers above the critical value are very likely to fall back into poverty due to illness or disaster. Judging from the sample survey, farmers whose per capita net income just exceeded 2,736 yuan in 2013 still accounted for nearly 2%. This group cannot directly enjoy the policy dividends brought by targeted poverty alleviation, has weak ability to resist disasters and risks, and is easy to evolve into Relatively disadvantaged groups.

2. Prominent issues affecting and restricting the sustainable growth of the rural economy

The survey found that with the advent of the new economic normal, there are also some problems that affect agriculture in the vast rural areas, especially in poor areas. There are new situations and new problems that increase production and farmers' income, and hinder the poor people from getting out of poverty and prospering. First, the large-scale migration of rural labor force has resulted in “hollowing out”. At present, the rural population is generally migrating outwards, with most young and middle-aged people going out to work for a long time, and most of the people left in the countryside are the elderly and children. The lack of labor force has made it difficult to promote the rapid development of rural economy; secondly, the single rural industrial structure brings "low returns". The income of farmers in poor villages mainly comes from traditional industries such as grain growing and pig raising. The structure is simple and the added value of agricultural products is not high. It is difficult for farmers to directly profit from traditional agriculture. In addition, the development of new cooperative economic organizations in impoverished mountainous areas is slow, and there are a large number of "empty shells" in rural economic cooperative organizations, which results in low land transfer prices in poor villages and low income for poor households; third, weak rural infrastructure brings "difficulty in running for a living" ". Some impoverished towns and villages are located in remote mountainous areas. Infrastructure construction is lagging behind. Roads are "blocked by rain or shine". Farmland water conservancy facilities are imperfect. The situation of relying on the weather has not been completely reversed. People care about people, black chickens and phoenixes are flying abroad, and it is difficult for men to find wives" to describe their living environment.

3. The problem of weak participation in poverty alleviation and insufficient play of the main role

The survey found that the current society and the public’s expectations for poverty alleviation and development are too high, and many people simply It is believed that poverty alleviation and prosperity are only the responsibility of party committees and governments at all levels. In order to effectively coordinate resources and forces from all aspects and form the maximum joint force for poverty alleviation, we must face up to the role of leadership, participation and subjectivity, and study and solve the following problems: First, some township (town) and village party organizations lead The problem of insufficient wealth and ability. Township cadres have heavy tasks and assume multiple roles. They are both organizational leaders and implementers. They lead one line and manage multiple aspects. In some remote towns and villages, due to the rapid turnover of staff, it is difficult to ensure the strength to fight poverty. Some village party branch teams are weak and fragmented, and the village party organization secretaries and village directors are older and have low educational levels. Taking Cangxi County as an example, the average age of party branch secretaries in 214 impoverished villages is 52.4 years old, 36 people have a college degree or above, accounting for only 16.8%, and the average age of party members is over 57 years old. , The service to the masses cannot keep up with the needs of the situation, and the "old horse-drawn cart" is powerless; second, the assistance measures of some departments are simple and not highly targeted. The survey found that some departments and units responsible for assisting poor villages focused on financial and material assistance, but neglected the internal cultivation of poverty alleviation, and focused on the results of increasing income in the current year, while neglecting long-term planning support. The nature of departments and industry characteristics are different, and the benefit effects for poor people are also different. Especially for groups such as police, doctors and teachers, due to the special nature of their work, the assistance to contact people is often based on giving money and goods, and the effect of assistance is not achieved. The psychological expectations of the masses; third, the problem of social poverty alleviation as a whole is "fragmented" with many points and weak power. The participation of social organizations and enterprises in public welfare poverty alleviation has varying degrees of utilitarianism, focusing on formal poverty alleviation, coupled with information asymmetry and insufficient overall linkage, which is prone to multiple aids, omitted aids, and repeated aids; fourthly, the main role of the masses is not activated enough. question.

Some poor people lack the awareness to get rid of poverty on their own. They believe that poverty alleviation means the state provides money and materials, or even just take money without doing anything. They have a dependence mentality of "waiting, relying, and needing" and lack of initiative. They have the phenomenon of "hurrying up but not rushing down, being hot on the outside but cold on the inside." ” phenomenon. A small number of grassroots cadres have not adequately publicized poverty alleviation policies, and have not yet been able to truly mobilize the enthusiasm of poor people to participate through effective poverty alleviation incentive mechanisms.

4. The bottleneck problem of insufficient funds for poverty alleviation and development projects

The survey found that the lack of project funds is currently a major bottleneck that restricts poverty alleviation and prosperity in poverty-stricken areas. First, the sources of special funds are fragmented and scattered, making integration difficult. Various project funds have different requirements for approval, allocation, management, acceptance and other procedures. Local governments can only use "the money to buy rice to buy rice, and the money to buy oil to buy oil", resulting in "small exchanges cannot become a big flow" , unable to concentrate efforts to do major things; secondly, the fiscal capacity at the county and township levels is insufficient and it is difficult to provide supporting facilities. Most poverty-stricken counties belong to the "food finance" category, and more than 90% of projects require local matching funds. Forced by multiple pressures such as revenue and expenditure contradictions and new debts, some grassroots cadres are "both hopeful and afraid" of project funds. Some projects have given up applying because local finance cannot provide matching funds; third, poverty alleviation projects attract social capital. With little power, financing is difficult. Poverty alleviation projects have low return on investment, long cycles, and many potential risks, making it difficult to attract social capital investment. County-level financing platforms have low development levels and lack of financing platforms. Limited by credit ratings, the financial environment is relatively lagging behind. In addition, farmers lack effective asset mortgages and third-party guarantees, making it difficult to obtain effective financing from financial institutions.

5. Concerns about the return to poverty caused by policy cuts after the poverty alleviation is lifted

The survey revealed that the goals of poverty alleviation at all levels have been determined, and the timetable and road map are very It is clear, but the incentives to get rid of poverty early are not yet clear. First, governments at all levels have not clearly defined relevant data indicators for poverty alleviation. At present, the province has issued poverty reduction tasks for poor counties, but a clear exit mechanism for poverty alleviation has not yet been introduced. The "Assessment Methods for Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development Work in Poverty-stricken Counties in Sichuan Province" that was piloted in 2014 did not put forward clear quantitative requirements for work goals, guarantee goals, and performance goals. In actual work, what standards should be used to check and accept poor villages and poor households out of poverty. With the changes in economic growth and price index, there is no specific reference scale for how much growth rate should be achieved each year to complete the task of poverty alleviation as scheduled, so it is difficult to achieve accurate and effective assistance measures and intensity. If the county is used as a unit, relevant indicators are calculated and implemented based on the poverty alleviation plan and actual conditions. If they are inconsistent with the poverty alleviation indicators issued by the province in the future, many grassroots cadres are worried that relevant work will be reworked; The expected pressure in the future has caused concerns about “removing hats and reducing policies”. Some grassroots cadres believe that support policies and project funds will be reduced sooner or later after the poverty alleviation is lifted. In addition, there is currently no clear reward mechanism for counties (cities, districts) that are the first to be lifted out of poverty. Therefore, they are worried about being the first to lift poverty alleviation, and are worried about the marginalized population. Due to the impact of unforeseen diseases, natural disasters and other factors that may lead to poverty again, some cadres are not very enthusiastic about taking the initiative to remove their hats.