Brief introduction of Inner Mongolia prairie

Geographical location: It is located in the central part of northern China, with the east longitude of 1 12' to 126 04' and the north latitude of 3734' to 53 23', ranking third in the country. Above sea level 1000 meters, there are many grasslands (6 grasslands) and many lakes (above 1000 meters).

Climate: Inner Mongolia has a semi-humid mid-temperate monsoon climate, with semi-humid areas in the east and semi-arid areas in the west. The main feature is the large temperature difference between day and night, which can generally reach about 10 degrees, so you should bring more clothes when traveling here. The disastrous weather in Inner Mongolia includes spring drought and winter blizzard.

Inner Mongolia can be divided into two climatic zones from east to west:

Grassland climate zone, from Hulunbeier grassland to Yinshan Hetao plain in the eastern end, is covered with ice and snow in winter, lasting for half a year, with an average temperature of about MINUS 28℃, and the three seasons are almost connected, and the climate is mild from May to September, which is the best season for grassland tourism.

The desert climate zone, from Alashan desert plateau to Badain Jaran desert west of Yinshan Mountain, is rainy in spring (from mid-April to the end of May), extremely hot in summer and extremely cold in winter.

Best time to travel: Autumn (from mid-August to the end of September, about 40 days) has a mild climate and is the best season to set foot in the desert.

Area: 1 183000 square kilometers, accounting for 12.3% of the national territory.

Population: 23.62 million (end of 1999), accounting for 1.88% of the total population in China.

Ethnic groups: At present, there are 49 ethnic groups in Inner Mongolia, mainly Mongolian and Han, as well as Korean, Hui, Manchu, Daur, Ewenki and Oroqen.

Administrative Division: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is the first provincial autonomous region in China to implement regional ethnic autonomy. Hohhot, Baotou, Wuhai and Chifeng are four provincial cities in the region. Hulunbeier, Xing 'an, Zhelimu, Xilingol, Wulanchabu, Yikezhao, Bayannaoer, Alashan; There are 16 county-level cities, 17 counties, and 52 flags, including three national autonomous flags of Oroqen, Ewenki and Molidawa Daur.

Overview: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is bordered by Mongolia and Russia in the north, and there are 8 provinces in the territory, including Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia and Gansu. Its map is shaped like a fox with its head held high. There are many grasslands in China, including Hulunbeier Grassland, Xilingol Grassland and Wulanchabu Grassland, which is one of the largest natural pastures in China. To the west is the Gobi desert area with yellow sand, and the camel shadow on the plateau is in harmony with the green grass color of the grassland.

Landscape: Hohhot, Baotou, Wuhai, Chifeng, Jining, Xilinhot, Tongliao, Hailar and Erenhot.

Huhehot

hulunbeier

Ordos

Wulanchabu League

Hailar

Wuhai

Alxa league

Chifeng

head wrapper

Xilingol

Hinggan League

Tongliao

A Zhao Meng.

Bayannur city

Inner Mongolia is located in the southeast of Mongolian Plateau, with high and flat terrain. There are thousands of lakes in China. On the vast and flat Mongolian plateau, there are no landforms such as deep ditches and mounds on the Loess Plateau. Except Daxinganling and Daqingshan, most of them are gentle Yuan Ye.

In the southern part of Daqing Mountain, the Yellow River flows from Ningxia to the north through the fault depression zone next to Ordos Plateau, forming the front and back of the Yellow River, providing a large granary with a wide area for Inner Mongolia. Therefore, two plains, Houji Plain and Qianji Plain (also known as Tumochuan Plain), have been added to the Inner Mongolia Plateau.

"The sky is grey, the wild is boundless, the wind blows the grass and the cattle and sheep are low" is a true portrayal of the Inner Mongolia prairie. The famous Hulunbeier grassland, with endless green waves and breezes, is dotted with flocks of sheep. The grassland scenery is extremely beautiful and refreshing.

Aviation: There are 18 routes and 2 international routes from Hohhot to Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Ulaanbaatar and Hailar.

Railways: there are 9 state-owned railway trunk lines 12, 5 local railways, and there are trains running with dozens of cities such as Beijing, Xi 'an, Hailar, Lanzhou and Yinchuan.

Highway: Advanced Hu Bao expressway has been built and put into use, and the highway has connected all counties. Many agricultural and pastoral areas and border areas that have been closed for generations have also built expressway, and six passenger bus lines have been opened with the border provinces of Mongolia and Russia.

Transportation in the city: There are nearly 20 bus lines around the city, leading to all parts of the city. There are 1 buses leading to the old city and 7 buses leading to the new city in the railway station. There are thousands of taxis in the city, which serve day and night.

Travel to Inner Mongolia, in addition to several routes, there are eight land routes to choose from:

First, enter Mongolia along the Binzhou Railway in Heilongjiang (Harbin to Manzhouli) and go directly to Hailar, with a total distance of more than 740 kilometers and a drive time of 15 hours; Or take the "prairie train" from Beijing along Chifeng and Tongliao.

Qiqihar, through several grassland areas in Inner Mongolia, Zhalantun, goes straight to Hailar.

Second, take Jilin Changbai Railway, turn to Bai 'a Railway via Baicheng, and stop at the new tourist spot in Aershan, Inner Mongolia. The whole journey is more than 670 kilometers, and the journey is about 16 hours.

Third, along the Beijing-Qinhuangdao Railway, it takes more than 490 kilometers from Jinzhou to Xilin Gol Grassland in Inner Mongolia, which can be reached in one day.

Fourthly, from Beijing to Zhangjiakou along beijing-baotou railway, the transit road cars enter Mongolia. The first section is more than 200 kilometers by railway, and the second section is more than 70 kilometers by road, reaching the Khan Nur grassland.

Fifth, start from Datong, enter Mongolia along beijing-baotou railway, and reach Hohhot. The whole journey is more than 280 kilometers and the journey takes about five hours.

Sixth, from beijing-baotou railway to Mongolia, turn Baotou to Wuliangsuhai and visit Hetao Plain; In addition, you can also go to Genghis Khan Cemetery from Baotou.

Seventh, from Yinchuan to the west, enter Mongolia through Helan Mountain and enter Alashan Desert.

Eighth, from Jiuquan in Gansu to Ejina Banner, you can see the wonders of sand dunes in Badain, Jilin. The whole journey is more than 390 kilometers, and it can be reached in one day.

Hotels in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region have developed rapidly, and star-rated hotels, foreign-related hotels and hotels of various grades have been built in major cities. Traveling on the grassland, you can also live in a yurt close to the herdsmen.

In recent years, the tourism infrastructure and tourist reception conditions in Inner Mongolia have improved significantly. At present, there are nearly 100 foreign-related hotels, including dozens of star-rated hotels, including 3 three-star hotels and 8 two-star hotels; There are also dozens of designated hotels in China, which can meet the needs of many tourists at different levels.

Travel to a relatively remote place, or you can choose to live in a herdsman's home. Herdsmen are honest and generous, and will be warmly received. Of course, you'd better send some souvenirs or something to show your friendship and gratitude.

The catering in Inner Mongolia is full of game and unique flavor. It's convenient to eat here. Both inside and outside the city, you can taste North-South dishes and munch on grassland game.

Inner Mongolia prairie is rich in game, and there are many kinds of delicacies such as roe deer meat, pheasant, wild vegetables and wild mushrooms, which are rich in taste and can be selected.

There are roast whole sheep, barbecue, roast leg of lamb, milk skin, milk tofu, koumiss wine, Zhaojun wine and so on. Among them, barbecue and roast whole sheep are the best. Its taste is unique and mouth-watering. Tasting delicious food and koumiss at the same time is really more enjoyable than a fairy.

special

Roast Lamb Leg

Roast leg of lamb is a famous dish for Hulunbeier to entertain guests. Roast leg of lamb evolved from roast whole sheep. According to legend, hunting and nomadic people who live in the vast land in northern China often roast whole prey and eat whole sheep by bonfires. People gradually found that the best part of the whole sheep is the hind leg of the sheep, so they often cut off the hind leg of the sheep and roast it. Roasting sheep's hind legs alone is not only faster than roasting whole sheep, but also more delicious and convenient to eat. Roast leg of lamb gradually replaced roast whole sheep. After a long period of development, various ingredients and condiments were gradually added in the roasting process of leg of lamb, which made it integrate shape, color, taste and freshness, beautiful in color, fragrant in meat, tender inside, crisp but not greasy, and was known as "smell but not smell".

milk tea

It is a unique daily drink of Mongolian people, and the unique fragrance of milk tea permeates Mongolian yurts all the year round. Milk tea is boiled with brick tea and milk, and a little salt is added after boiling. When eating, it is usually accompanied by pasta such as cakes.

Stewed pork with brown sauce

Braised pork is a traditional food for nomadic people in Hulunbeier grassland for thousands of years, and it is also the most commonly used and favorite food for grassland herders. Hand-grabbed meat generally refers to mutton, which is eaten in a unique way. You don't use chopsticks, but grab food with your hands.

In addition to riding and whipping, tasting hand-roasted mutton is an essential project to visit the grassland. In people's minds, only in this way can we really reach the grassland, and there is no wasted journey.

Pass me the meat.

Handmade meat is a traditional food of Mongolian, Ewenki, Daur, Oroqen and other nomadic and hunting peoples in Hulunbeier grassland for thousands of years. That is, eating meat with your hands. The meat of domestic animals and wild animals such as sheep, cattle, horses and camels can be cooked by hand, but hand-grabbed meat usually refers to mutton.

Handmade meat is the most commonly used and favorite meal of grassland herders, and it is also an essential food for them to entertain guests. It seems that a concept has been formed all the year round, that is, it is a waste of time to go sightseeing in the grassland, if you don't eat a hand-grabbed meat, even if you don't fully appreciate the flavor and interest of the grassland eating customs. Herdsmen can't fully express their feelings without entertaining guests with meat. Therefore, in Hulunbeier area, it has become a custom to entertain guests from afar with mutton.

instant-boiled?mutton

Also known as "shabu shabu", it is a popular method of eating meat in Hulunbeier. Because Hulunbeier grassland has no chemical pollution, abundant aquatic plants and large temperature difference, the mutton produced is tender and tasteless, which is the first-class raw material for washing pots. In the 1960s and 1970s, the "Donglaishun" hotpot restaurant in Beijing bought sheep from Hu Meng to promote its reputation. Now almost all hotels and restaurants in Hohhot operate instant-boiled mutton projects. There are many kinds of hot pots for washing pots, including copper, iron, stainless steel and porcelain. There are two kinds of fuels: multi-person use and single-person use. There are several kinds of fuels, such as charcoal, liquefied gas, alcohol and electricity.

Whole lamb cushion

The whole lamb mat is a very precious dish in Hulunbeier area for entertaining distinguished guests, paying homage and holding grand festivals. The banquet was named after the whole sheep because of its excellent color, fragrance, taste, shape and taste. Generally choose a whole fat sheep about two years old.

199 1 year "nadam convention" in inner Mongolia autonomous region decided that July 15 to August 15 is the "grassland tourism festival" every year.

Every July and August, the Inner Mongolia prairie is always immersed in the love between flowers and green grass, and the "Nadam Conference" has become the most important festival here. At this time, thousands of Mongolian herders, dressed in festive costumes, traveled long distances and gathered on the once quiet green grassland, showing a prosperous scene.

The Nadam Convention has a history of more than 2,000 years. As early as ancient times, Mongolian ancestors lived in this area, and wrestling, archery and horse racing have long been one of the main contents of the Nadam convention. Now, besides the traditional three events, the "Nadam Convention" also includes equestrian, rifle shooting, judo, motorcycle show, Mongolian chess and other events.

In addition to rushing to temples, Mongolians also worship gods and buddhas, and hold "Peace Classics" in spring and autumn at home every year. The scale of this "chanting meeting" depends on the economic situation of the host family, and this custom has continued to modern times.

The Mongolians in Tumote also have the custom of "offering sacrifices to Aobao". "Aobao" is the symbol of territory, some are natural objects protruding from the ground, others are artificial earth bags, stone bags and firewood bags. People put the sacrificial food in front of Aobao and knelt down together, wishing: "the nation is prosperous, the territory is stable, people and animals are prosperous, and peace will be maintained forever." After the sacrifice, they shared the sacrifice, and some even sang for entertainment.

Mongolian customs and habits

If you love animals, when you meet herds on the grassland, cars and pedestrians should take a detour and don't pass through the herds, otherwise it will be considered as disrespect for the owner.

be a guest

Visitors who take a bus to the herdsmen's home should see if there are any horses tied to Lele's car near the yurt. Don't rush in, lest the horse break the reins and run away. Enter the bag from the left side of the stove and sit on the west and north sides of the yurt, with the owner's living room on the east side. Try not to sit. When sitting, don't block the Buddha statue hanging on Hana in the north. You can sit on the floor without taking off your shoes after entering the bag. Don't sit on the threshold.

Fine tea

When visiting a herdsman's house, the host will first serve the guest a bowl of milk tea. Guests should get up slightly and pick it up with their hands or right hands. Never pick it up with your left hand, or it will be considered impolite. When the host pours tea, if the guest doesn't want tea, please gently touch the spoon or spout with the edge of the bowl, and the host will immediately understand the guest's intention.

roast

Toast is a traditional way for Mongolian to entertain guests, and it is also a manifestation of respect and love for guests by grassland herders. Usually, the host pours wine into a silver bowl, a gold cup or a horn cup, puts it on a long Hada and sings a touching traditional Mongolian toast song. If guests push and pull and don't drink, it will be considered as contempt for the host. Guests should immediately catch the wine, dip their ring fingers in the wine and point to the direction of heaven, earth and stove to show their respect for heaven, earth and Vulcan. You don't have to be reluctant to drink, but you can touch your lips to show that you have accepted the pure friendship of your host.

Present Hada

Hada is an indispensable item in Mongolian daily salute. Offering Hada is a courtesy used by Mongolian herdsmen in welcoming guests and daily communication. When offering Hada, the host held Hada with open hands, sang auspicious greetings or hymns, exaggerated the atmosphere of respect, and turned Hada's folded mouth to accept Hada's guests. Guests should stand up and face the toaster, listen attentively to the toast and accept the toast. When accepting Hada, the guest should lean forward slightly and let the person who sent Hada hang Hada around his neck. Guests should put their hands together on their chests to express their thanks to the people who presented Hada.

respect the aged and take good care of children

When you visit a herdsman's house, you must be "you" when you meet an old man. Don't pass by the old man, don't sit in his superior position, and don't sit side by side with the old man without permission. Don't scold or drive away children. Don't criticize the child's physical defects in front of his family.

other

When visiting a herdsman's house, you should bring appropriate gifts, such as wine, sugar and snacks. You can only reprimand a barking sheepdog, but you can't beat it. To relieve yourself, you must go far to the south of the yurt, not to the east, west (with sheepfolds) or north (the smell will blow into the bag with the wind). Don't trample on the north and west of Bao Bei in winter, because the snow there is eaten by water. You must say goodbye and thank you when you leave the host's home.