Currency knowledge ppt

1. Common sense about ancient coins

Chinese currency originated from Xia, Shang and Zhou, and was unified under Qin. Due to the use of natural tools (sea shells, stone shells), metal coins were already produced about three thousand years ago. Before the Warring States Period, imitation coins were used for a long time, such as imitation tools (metal casting tools), imitation farm tools (empty head cloth, etc.), and imitation knife-cut coins (all kinds of knife coins). From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Sui Dynasty, my country's coins gradually shifted from imitation to unity, and this created another currency period named after weight names such as Banliang and Wuzhu. From the fourth year of Wude, Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty, to the end of the Qing Dynasty, in 1291 AD, money was no longer named by its weight, but instead was named after the reign of the emperors of the past dynasties. "Some were marked with place names." Beijing Jiaozi is the world's earliest paper currency. The Jingjin Yuan was the paper currency in its heyday, and was used successively in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the Qing Dynasty, copper coins and silver coins were implemented.

The currency system of the past dynasties in China's feudal society was very complex. The currencies that circulated at the same time in the past dynasties varied from time to time, place to place, and changes in the political situation. Coins can be divided into big money, small money, official money, privately minted money, and Xiaoping (i.e., one penny), two, three, five, ten, and up to five thousand. Similarly, Xiaoping coins are divided into large, large, small and small coins. There are also different situations such as back-to-back, face-to-face, trimming, edge-grinding, antithesis, anti-reading, spiral reading, and compound text. According to the nature of money: there are heavy money, valuable money, marking money, year-recording money, town treasury money, winning gifts, temple money, withdrawal money, Arhat money, pair money, mother's gifts, choosing money, and ancestral money. Wait, there are so many names, too numerous to mention. Ancient coins have different sizes, different places of casting, differences between official and civilian castings, different fonts, shapes, and properties. The value of ancient coins differs greatly from each other, ranging from several times to dozens or hundreds of times. For example, the Taihe Tongbao Xiaowu coin of the Jin Dynasty was marked with a diagram of 4,500 yuan, and the two-fold Taihe Tongbao Xiaoping coin was marked with a price of 2,000 yuan. Another example is the Yongle Tongbao Xiaoping coin of the Ming Dynasty, which was marked with a price of 6 yuan. Kaiyuan Tongbao from Huichang in the Tang Dynasty was priced at s yuan with the word "jing" on the back and 1,000 yuan with the word "yong" on the back. The ordinary Xiaoping coin of Xianfeng Tongbao is only priced at 2 yuan, while the iron mother is priced at 2,500 yuan, and the diaomu (ancestral coin) is priced at 8,000 yuan.

2. What are the currency common sense during travel

China’s currency is called RMB, which is issued by the People’s Bank of China, the national bank.

The unit of RMB is Yuan, and the auxiliary currencies are dimes and cents. One dollar is ten jiao, and one jiao is ten cents.

There are banknotes for Yuan, Jiao and Fen, and there are also coins for Yuan, Jiao and Fen. Yuan denominations include 1, 2, 5, 10 yuan, 50 yuan, and 100 yuan, jiao denominations include 1, 2, and 5 jiao, and cent denominations include 1, 2, and 5 cents.

The abbreviation symbol of RMB is RMB￥. Foreign currency exchange The foreign currencies that can be exchanged in my country are: US dollars, British pounds, French francs, German marks, Japanese yen, Australian dollars, Austrian francs, Belgian francs, Canadian dollars, Hong Kong dollars, Swiss francs, Danish krone, Dutch guilders, Norwegian krone , Swedish Krona, Singapore Dollar, Malaysian Ringgit, Italian Lira, Macau Pataca, Finnish Mark, etc.

The bank handles the incoming and outgoing foreign currency business, which becomes the foreign currency exchange business. According to my country's current foreign exchange management laws and regulations, the circulation of foreign currencies is prohibited within the territory of the People's Republic of China, and settlement in foreign currencies is not allowed.

In order to facilitate the payment of foreign guests and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan who are traveling to China, Bank of China and other designated foreign exchange banks not only accept foreign currency traveler’s checks and foreign credit cards to exchange for RMB, but also accept 22 types of foreign currency cash and Taiwan New Taiwan Dollar exchange business. In addition, in order to maximize the convenience for currency holders, in addition to banks, some hotels, restaurants or shops can also handle foreign currency exchange for RMB.

The unused RMB after conversion can be converted into foreign currency and carried out of the country with a foreign exchange exchange order valid within six months before leaving the country. Different prices are used when redeeming in different situations.

When exchanging traveler's checks, credit cards, and remittances, use the buying price; when exchanging foreign currency, including exchanging foreign currency cash, use the selling exchange rate; when exchanging foreign currency cash, use the buying price for cash. Foreign credit cards that can be handled in China: Currently, the main foreign credit cards that can be handled in China are: 1. MasterCard.

2. ViseCard. 3. American Express Card.

4. JCB card. 5. DinersCard.

Article 17 of the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China and Foreign Exchange Administration" regarding foreign exchange regulations for "persons coming to China" stipulates: "Institutions in China and persons coming to China remit or bring into China from abroad. Foreign exchange can be kept by oneself, deposited in a bank, or remitted or carried out of the country with valid certificates. "This regulation includes the following content: 1. Foreign exchange remitted or brought into the country by institutions stationed in China and personnel visiting China can be remitted or brought into the country with valid certificates. It can be kept by itself and can be sold or deposited in a designated foreign exchange bank on a voluntary basis; it can also be remitted or taken out of the country with the original customs entry declaration form.

2. All expenses incurred by institutions stationed in China and personnel coming to China after entry will be paid in RMB. If the foreign exchange is converted into RMB for use within the country, the remaining part can be converted into foreign exchange with the person's passport and bank exchange slip valid for 6 months and can be carried out or remitted abroad.

3. Institutions stationed in China and personnel coming to China are not allowed to buy or sell foreign exchange privately in China. Judging from my country's current foreign exchange management regulations, there are only two ways to exchange (i.e., buy and sell) foreign exchange and RMB through legal channels: one is through banks approved to engage in foreign exchange buying and selling business; the other is through the China Foreign Exchange Trading Center and its Buying and selling carried out by the system.

The purchase and sale of foreign exchange and RMB without the above two channels, regardless of the price comparison, is a private purchase and sale of foreign exchange. The private purchase and sale of foreign exchange is an illegal foreign exchange purchase and sale that disrupts the financial order and is prohibited by Chinese law.

According to Article 45 of the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China and Foreign Exchange Administration", those who buy or sell foreign exchange privately will be given a warning by the foreign exchange management agency, forced to accept the exchange, confiscate the illegal income, and impose illegal foreign exchange penalties. A fine of not less than 30% but not more than three times the amount.

3. What are the currency common sense before traveling

Before going to study in Japan, you must understand the local currency and monetary policy. Study abroad experts tell you what currency you should make before going to Japan to study. preparations.

Currently, the currency issued in Japan is 6 types of coins, 4 types of banknotes, and 10 types in total. All currencies are issued by Japan's only central bank, the Bank of Japan. In Japan, there are no opportunities to exchange currency except exchange offices at international airports, bank windows, and hotel counters. Therefore it is best to exchange money at the airport upon arrival in Japan. Currencies other than Japanese yen cannot be used in general stores. In addition, some stores do not accept credit cards, so it is best to bring a certain amount of cash.

Currency Exchange

At least 20 major currencies can be exchanged for Japanese yen at Narita Airport. The redemption center is open from 6:00AM until the last flight arrives. US dollars and some other major currencies can be exchanged at Tokyo's city banks and 80 post offices. Bank exchange fees are very low. Banks are open from Monday to Friday 9:00-15:00, and post offices can be opened from 9:00-16:00. Redeemable during 00. In the evening, it is also possible to exchange money through some currency agents or at recognized restaurants and department stores. It is not a problem to exchange traveler's checks in banks and hotels, and some large stores can also exchange them.

Cash and Credit Cards

It is generally safer to carry cash with you in Tokyo. You'll need cash to buy bus tickets, museum tickets, eat in small restaurants or shop in small shops. Major credit cards can be used everywhere in Tokyo.

The consumption tax (VAT) is 5%, which is usually added at the checkout counter. In some major department stores, you can partially refund the consumption tax (please refer to the tax-free shopping manual).

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4. In currency, what are M1 and M2, and what are some basic common sense

M1 and M2 are the categories of money supply .

People generally divide the money supply into different levels for measurement, analysis and regulation based on the size of liquidity. In practice, various countries treat M.

The definitions of , M1 and M2 are different, but they are all divided according to the size of liquidity, M. has the strongest liquidity, followed by M1, and M2 has the worst liquidity.

At this stage, our country also divides the money supply into three levels, whose meanings are: M. : Cash in circulation, that is, cash circulating outside the banking system; M1: Money supply in a narrow sense, that is, M.

+ demand deposits of enterprises and institutions; M2: broad money supply, that is, M1 + time deposits of enterprises and institutions + residents’ savings deposits. Among these three levels, M.

It is closely related to changes in consumption and is the most active currency; M1 reflects changes in the tightness of residents and corporate funds and is a leading indicator of economic cycle fluctuations. Its liquidity is second only to M. ; M2 liquidity is weak, but it reflects changes in total social demand and future inflationary pressures. The money supply commonly referred to mainly refers to M2.

5. High school politics; expansion of basic knowledge of commodities and currency

1. Commodities are labor products used for exchange.

2. Use value is the ability to satisfy Attributes of certain needs of people. (Natural attributes, that is, the relationship between people and things)

3. Value is the general undifferentiated human labor condensed in commodities. (Social attributes, that is, the relationship between people relationship)

4. Commodities are the unity of use value and value. Use value is the material bearer of value, and value is the essential attribute of commodities.

5. To be valuable, there must be Use value, use value does not necessarily mean value

6. Currency is a commodity that is separated from commodities and serves as a fixed general equivalent.

7. The essence of money is a general equivalent.

8. The scale of value is conceptual currency, used to measure the value of commodities, and was produced with the creation of currency.

The means of circulation is actual currency, used to measure the value of goods. The medium of commodity exchange also came into being with the creation of currency.

9. Means of payment, means of storage, world currency

10. Currency is separated from commodities and fixed. Commodities that serve as general equivalents, but their essence is not commodities, but general equivalents. Currency is the product of commodity exchange that has developed to a certain stage and has use value and value. The form of currency is gold and silver.

6 . Common sense about currency exchange?

Tip 1

For bank exchange, if you can exchange it at a domestic bank, don’t go out to exchange it

Remember the first principle of foreign currency exchange.

Exchange foreign currency at domestic banks, the exchange rate is the most cost-effective!

When exchanging foreign currency at the airport, exchange point, or ATM machine, there will be an exchange rate difference to some extent!

So check the exchange rate of the day and exchange it at the bank in advance.

Tip 2

Do not exchange too much foreign currency

Credit cards are settled based on the exchange rate of the day, which is more cost-effective. Cash is mainly used to pay for some transportation, Small charges such as snacks. Therefore, when exchanging foreign currency, do not exchange too much at once.

In addition, China Customs stipulates that each person can carry no more than 20,000 yuan or the equivalent of 5,000 US dollars in foreign currency out of the country. If the limit is exceeded, it must be declared to Chinese Customs before leaving the country.

Tip 3

It is most appropriate to exchange one or two weeks in advance

Select the appropriate exchange time based on the rise and fall trend of the exchange rate of the foreign currency to be exchanged, so do not advance It takes a long time to redeem, and it is most suitable to redeem one or two weeks before traveling.

Be sure not to exchange one or two days in advance, because many banks require an appointment in advance to exchange foreign currency

Tip 4

The US dollar is used as a transit currency for small currencies

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If you want to exchange small currencies, such as Southeast Asian currencies such as Vietnamese Dong, you cannot directly exchange them at domestic banks.

At this time, you can first exchange RMB into US dollars, and then go to the local area to exchange US dollars into local currency. In addition, the interest rate is more favorable when exchanging U.S. dollars domestically than when exchanging U.S. dollars abroad.

Tip 5

Is there any handling fee?

Before exchanging currency, you should first ask whether there is any handling fee. If so, you can choose to swipe your card for consumption. Some banks charge no fees for swiping cards or withdrawing money overseas~

Which domestic banks can exchange foreign currencies?

Currently, the four major domestic banks: Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, ICBC, and China Construction Bank can all exchange foreign currencies.

Bank of China can exchange the largest number of currencies, including: British Pound, Hong Kong Dollar, US Dollar, Swiss Franc, Singapore Dollar, Swedish Krona, Danish Krone, Norwegian Krone, Japanese Yen, Canadian Dollar, Australian Dollar, Euro, 17 currencies including Macau Pataca, Philippine Peso, Thai Baht, New Zealand Dollar, and South Korean Won.

The procedures for foreign currency exchange are not complicated. After making an appointment, you can just hold your valid ID, fill in relevant documents, and hand over cash.