Hengyang Shigu Academy Travel Notes Hengyang Shigu Academy Travel Guide

Hengyang Shigu Academy, located in Hunan Province, is a college with great historical charm. For thousands of years, countless literati have come here to visit and search, and many sages have been preserved so far. The following are detailed travel notes and strategies of Hengyang Shigu Academy.

Address: Shigushan, Shigu District, Hengyang

Shigu Mountain is located at the intersection of two rivers in the north of Hengyang City, Hunan Province. It is 69 meters above sea level and covers an area of about 4000 square meters. The mountains are as round as drums, empty on all sides, surrounded by water on three sides, with lush trees and beautiful environment. Shigu Academy was founded in Tang Dynasty and flourished in Song Dynasty. Especially in the Northern Song Dynasty, it was ranked among the "Four Great Academies in the World".

There is a square in front of the academy, and its iconic scenery is a huge stone book with a length of 2.4 meters and a width of 1.8 meters, which is engraved with "Shigu Academy" written by Zhu Yu, a great philosopher of the Southern Song Dynasty, when he gave a lecture here in/187. Advocating the theory of teaching disciples with righteousness has been practiced and passed down from generation to generation by the mountain leaders of Shigu Academy, which has had a far-reaching impact on ancient academies in China. Its opening is described and praised as follows: "Shigu Mountain in Hengzhou is the best place in a county, according to the meeting of the circular belt of steaming Hunan and rivers." It is one of the "three musts" of Shigu Academy-"One book cannot be turned over". There is a Millennium ginkgo tree on the left side of the square, which is simple and vicissitudes.

On the right side of the square is the "General Building", which has always been a battleground for military strategists because Hengyang "holds Guangdong and Guangxi and locks Jason Wu". Shigu Mountain is an amphibious fortress, which is easy to defend but difficult to attack. Many ancient famous soldiers, such as Zhuge Liang, Wen Tianxiang, Zeng Guofan and Peng Yulin, once camped here.

There is a stone drum monument wall along the river bank at the lower right. It was built in 2006 with a total length of 99 meters. 38 stone tablets are engraved with poems and songs of past dynasties, which outline the elegance of ancient academies.

Fan Chengda, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote in The Story of Shigu Mountain: "There are four academies in the world: Culai, Jinshan, Yuelu and Shigu"; Eight Scenes of Hengyang was written by An Chen in Ming Dynasty. Eight ancient scenic spots in Hengyang: "The misty rain on the wild peaks is really impressive, the stone drums and mountains are splendid, the wings are full of dragons and claws, the birds are singing in the snowy mountains of Yueping, there are thousands of poems in Zhulingdong and hundreds of kinds of wines in Qingcaoqiao Bridge. Try Taobo in Dongzhou and Bai Lianhua in West Lake at night. " There are three stone drums; Chen Ling, the author of Rebuilding Hejiang Pavilion, was the top scholar in Qing Dynasty, and was called "a generation of literators" by Wei Yuan.

During the Jiaqing period, there was a poem with a cross "one": "One sail, one paddle, one fishing boat, one fisherman and one hook. A bow and a smile, a bright moon and an autumn ",in exchange for the boatman's turn, is a beautiful talk!

When you enter the academy area, the first thing you see is the "Yubei Pavilion", a pyramid-shaped roof with four corners and two eaves. The inscription on the plaque is Mo Bao of Mr. Shi Mu, librarian of Hunan Literature and History Museum and former chairman of Changsha Book Association. This is the second unique skill of Shigu Academy: "Can't read". The inscription * * * has nine lines and seventy-seven words. For Shang and Zhou dynasties or before, no one cracked it. There is a plaque on it, which was translated by Yang Shen, one of the three great talents in Ming Dynasty, but it is only a personal opinion. Or a bird and insect seal or a Taoist symbol _, which means: Yu Fengshun instructed him to control the water. He was absent for thirteen years and refused to enter the house for three times. The South Vietnamese Golden Bamboo Book was changed from containment to unblocking, so that the harmful animals could escape forever. "Wang Yu Monument", Huangdi Mausoleum and Yandi Mausoleum are three treasures of the Chinese nation. Couplets on both sides: "Tadpoles are dotted, and heaven and earth spread great texts", using the poem "Yubeiting" by Hu Jingzeng in Qing Dynasty: "Tadpoles are seventy-seven, and the seal method is flowing. Yesterday, I sent Heluo, and the world passed on great texts. " The calligrapher is Mr. Chen Wenzhi, a famous calligrapher in Hengyang.

At the end of the covered bridge is the gate of the college. The words "Shigu Academy" are Mr. Shen Peng and Mo Bao, former chairman of China Book Association. The couplets on the Five Classics of Thousand Buddhas were written by Mr. Wen, a master of Chinese studies.

Entering the mountain gate, you can see the symbol of the Academy-a large stone drum with a height of 2.8 meters and a diameter of 1.6 meters. This is also the third skill-"silent drum." There are two explanations for the origin of the name Shigushan: First, it is named after its shape. Li Daoyuan's Notes on Water Classics in the Northern Wei Dynasty said: "The mountains are green and round, like drums, and the mountains are pure stone without soil"; The second is named after sound. Yu Zhongchu, the prefect of Jinling, wrote the poem "Watching the Stone Drum": "The sound of the stone is hidden, and Lei Zhen is nine days. It can't be wonderful, it's natural. " Luohan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty wrote "The Story of Zhongshan Water in Hunan": "The stone drum is in the south of Zhengkou, knocking for dozens of miles. This drum has no sound today. " There is also a miraculous record in Zhu Zhong: "Lincheng County has a stone drum, which is six feet high. When the drums ring, there will be a military revolution. " Later, there was a legend that Lulong Hercules pushed the drum into the pool, which should be the people's yearning for peace.

There are four exhibition halls on the left-hand side of the entrance to the mountain gate. Peng Yulin, an outstanding student of Shigu Academy in particular, was recruited by Zeng Guofan and became the founder of China's modern navy. He was awarded the title of "Chang Yong Batulu" by the imperial court for his bravery and good fighting, which means "hero" and "warrior" in Manchu. From the official to the Ministry of War, Shangshu, Zeng Guofan, Zuo and Hu Linyi are also called "Tongzhi Zhongxing".

Peng Yulin's style of writing and martial arts are unique, especially the plum blossom painting, which has a sense of heroism and is called "the plum blossom of a strategist" by Zeng Guofan. And this is related to a childhood love. Peng Yulin and her grandmother's adopted daughter, Wang Zhubin (a beautiful aunt), were once "madly in love", but they were forced to get married because of their differences in seniority and personality. After Mei Gu died during childbirth, Peng Yulin vowed to commemorate her by painting Mei, saying that she was "the first lover of Qing Dynasty". That year, CCTV came to weigh the treasure hunt, and Peng Yulin's "The Beautiful Map" won the title of "Hengyang Folk National Treasure".

Peng Yulin also wrote many poems by Yongmei, which are called "Plum Blossom with Hundred Rhymes", among which "Plum Blossom is my lifelong confidant", "Take Plum Blossom as my husband" and "Hold Plum Blossom in my heart" have long been Yongmei's favorite sentences. Peng Yulin's poems and paintings not only take the noble plum blossom as their own situation, but also entrust them with unforgettable memories of their first lover.

What we are seeing now is Shigu Academy, a reconstructed classical building imitating the shape of Qing Dynasty, with white walls and hidden columns, solemn, simple and elegant. There are mountain gates, bookstores, Wuhou Temple, Li Zhongjie Temple, Daguanlou, Hejiang Pavilion and other landscapes. Most of the wood is made of Indonesia's finest pineapple plaid wood, which is hard in texture, delicate in texture, anti-corrosive and moth-proof, and immortal for thousands of years; All components are jointed by tenon and mortise with traditional technology.

Wuhou Temple commemorates Zhuge Liang, a strategist of the Three Kingdoms. The plaque was inscribed by Professor Qian Shaowu of the Central Academy of Fine Arts. Zhuge Liang was a marquis of Wuxiang before his death, and he was loyal to Wuhou after his death. Later generations respectfully called him "Wuhou". "Tongzhi" contains: Zhuge Liang was stationed in the general building of Shigushan (Hengyang) as a military commander, supervising the military tax in Changsha, Lingling and Guiyang counties. Later generations felt the spirit of "devote all one's efforts to death", admired his noble character and built a shrine here. The couplet "is far from self-centered, ask if the cottage is right, I want to see the sky here;" Next to the changing river, it stands like his sadness, watching the autumn waters come and go, and the Iraqis are in the center ",written by Fan Henian, a famous calligrapher in Hengyang County in Qing Dynasty.

On the left is "Li Zhongjie Gong Temple". The plaque was inscribed by Mr He Manzong, vice chairman of Hunan Federation of Literary and Art Circles and former chairman of the Book Association. Li Fei, a native of Hengzhou in the Southern Song Dynasty, was a magistrate of Tanzhou and an ambassador to Hunan. In the first year of Germany, he led the troops to resist the Yuan Army and fought a bloody battle in March. Swear the word "loyalty" on New Year's Eve, and the city is about to break. I sat in the "Xiongxiang Pavilion" and died with my family, old and young. During Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty, people built shrines to commemorate his martyrdom and his hometown Hengyang. During the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, Peng Yulin wrote an inscription for him: "Yi Liebing Tanzhou, a thousand-year-old fame hangs bamboo silk; The ancestral hall is still an old house, and there are plum blossoms in a clear place. " .

The statue on Li Fu's left is Mu Yanzu, the magistrate of Hengyang County. In the year of Jong-won Lee in the Southern Song Dynasty, he led hundreds of soldiers to collect soldiers' courage and fought fiercely with the Yuan Army for seven days and seven nights. Set up death squads, dive across the river at night, chisel and sink enemy ships, and solve the danger of Hengzhou.

Climbing the stairs, I saw the bronze statue of Confucius, the founder of Confucianism and the "most holy teacher".

This magnificent "Grand View Building" with carved beams and painted buildings was built in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. It undertakes two major functions of the academy: giving lectures downstairs and collecting books upstairs. Gaoli, the magistrate of Hengzhou in Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty, wrote a couplet: "Sitting opposite Yue Yunkai, he has the right to use a small pavilion and a heavy building as his mansion; I lean on Xiangshui, but I like fishing songs and singing _ My Book Sound ".

There is a woodcut statue of the seven sages of Shigu in the exhibition hall on the first floor. Li Kuan, a native of Longxi in the Tang Dynasty, lived in Yuanhe for three years. He built a house on Shigu Mountain to study, which is the embryonic form of Shigu Academy. Han Yu was a writer and philosopher in the Tang Dynasty. The first of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. During Yongzhenyuan's reign, he passed through Hengyang and was invited to visit Shigu Mountain, where he wrote a poem "The Story of He Jiangting Sending Zou Jun", which attracted many literati to sing the eternal swan song of Shigu Mountain. Li Shizhen, the seventh generation descendant of Li Kuan. Literati from Song Dynasty to early Taoism. Rebuild the College in the former site of Li Kuan Reading Room with private funds. What he did was praised by the imperial court, which laid the foundation for Shigu Academy to remain immortal and famous all over the world. Zhou Dunyi was a philosopher in the Northern Song Dynasty. A native of Daoxian County, Hunan Province, he was the founder of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty and a "world cultural celebrity" of the United Nations. In the twelfth year of Hengli, he left a famous article "Ailian said"; Zhu was a philosopher and educator in the Southern Song Dynasty. Wuyuan people, including Jianyang people, are masters of Neo-Confucianism. Zhang, a Neo-Confucianist in Southern Song Dynasty. Mianzhu, Sichuan, moved to Hengzhou, and was edited by Guanluo Confucian Temple, one of the main representatives of Huxiang School. Huang is Zhu's son-in-law and is regarded as the orthodox heir by Zhu.

Shigu Zhu's lecture is a great event of academy culture and Huxiang culture in Song Dynasty. Now there are two plush chairs in the lecture hall, which is memorable. Sidebar couplets wrote: "The word Zhuzi is circulated, Changli sings first, Shihu sings second, Xiake travels, Jiangzhai feels old, and the number of festivals starts from the beginning. This is a great sigh to our predecessors; Splendid mountains and rivers bother to point out, the left side is embarrassed, and the right side carries geese. In front of it, the grass is connected, and then the Zhu Ling is connected. The scenery is in my eyes, I like to look at the shape and win more detachment. "The author is Mr. Zhu Dahe, the first chairman of Hengyang Book Association.

Hejiang Pavilion is the earliest landscape building in the academy, which was built by the secretariat of Hengzhou during the Tang Zhenguan period. Mr. Lu, the author of the inscription, was the curator of the National Museum. Two-sided couplets: "Stone Drum and Double Rivers, Changli Poem" was inscribed by Mr. Song Jun, then head of the Discipline Inspection Team of Hunan Provincial Department of Culture and calligrapher. Behind the couplet: "Guangsha builds talents and reports dragons and waves; Two water clips mirror, romantic into the cabinet. "The author Zhu Zhanxi, a native of Hengyang in the Qing Dynasty, was the dean of the Academy. Here, there is no noise and dirty air, which makes people feel different.

The riverside cloister on the first floor is the best place to watch Shigu Academy. On the left front is the Laiyan Pagoda at the confluence of Zhengzhou and Hunan, which corresponds to Yan Hui Peak in the south of the city, meaning "Wild geese come from the north and return here", so Hengyang is nicknamed "Wild Goose City". There is a faint pearl tower on the east bank in front of the right, which is taken from the poem "Going around in circles, _ _ Han Yin moves" written by Liang Chao Wu Jun in the Southern Dynasties. During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, feng shui experts said that Hunan water came to Yanta, thunder water was injected, and there were no dangerous peaks on both sides. In order to prevent the flowing water from dispersing wealth, it is suggested to build a tower to hold the nozzle. The waters below the Academy are called the "cradle" of China Navy because Zeng Guofan once practiced the Xiang Navy here.

At first glance, the vision is ethereal and vast. Look at the Xiangjiang River going north. The waves are either small or windy. Riverbanks, sunny blue, green trees, red flowers, waves lapping on cliffs and wind stroking people's faces are fascinating. Mount the pavilion, recite famous sentences, and watch the water of the Three Rivers spray directly into Dongting. As the saying goes, "the stone drum goes south, and Zhuge tablet leaves grass;" The River of No Return and Changli's poems are more important than other mountains, and they deserve to be called "the first holy land in Hunan".

On the second floor, there is a woodcut of Han Yu's masterpiece "The topic of sending a secretariat of Zou Jun to Hejiang Pavilion". "Hong Ting pillow Xiangjiang River, steamed water will be the left. Bird's eye view, the forest is spacious and green, so it is also called "Green Pavilion". The whole poem is magnificent, meaningful and elegant, and is deeply loved by Zhang Wan. He once carved the tablet by himself and was lamented by the world as "two wonders".

Shigu Academy has a long cultural history and unique geographical environment, which has attracted famous scholars and literati from past dynasties to visit, give lectures and recite poems. On a mountain of about 4,000 square meters, there are more than 20 cliff stone carvings from the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty.

Xi _, the most precious stone carving in the Tang Dynasty, is 95 cm high and 90 cm wide, with characters 34 cm high and 40 cm wide. It is dignified, beautiful, plump and powerful. This book was written by Yu Wenxuan, the secretariat of Hengzhou, and was a scholar of Zhenguan. It has survived for more than 1300 years and is known as the "treasure of the town hall" of Shigu Academy.

"Between monuments, there are fewer eyes in the west and more tourists in the north. The snow-capped mountains are peeling off day by day, and the names of the years are wrong. After that, there are poems to learn and no stones to grind. It is a poem about stone drums written by Zeng Feng, a scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty. It depicts stone drums, cliff carvings and cultural relics in a magical way, which makes people yearn for it.