What gods are there in ancient Greek mythology? What are their respective masters?

1. Zeus (Zeus Jupiter) Zeus is the son of Cronus, the king of gods, in charge of the sky. The supreme god in Greek mythology controls thunder and lightning, so he is also called Thor. With the support of his mother Gaia, he killed his father Cronus and became the third generation god-king. He had an extremely lustful personality. He often had affairs with other goddesses and mortals behind his wife Hera's back, and had countless illegitimate children. Zeus's symbols were the eagle, the oak tree, and the mountain; his favorite sacrifices were the she-goat and the white bull whose horns were painted gold. When Zeus was born, his father Cronus was in power, and his mother Rhea was afraid that Zeus would be swallowed up by his father. Note: Cronus had been prophesied that his child would take his place, so he left his wife Rhea The first five children born to Zeus were all eaten, but Zeus escaped, so he was hid in Crete and handed over to three female fairies to raise him - on the island, a female goat provided him with sacred food. and an eagle brought him ambrosia; and whenever he cried, Rhea's servants would come to the cradle to dance for Zeus, and beat his daggers against the shields to cover up his cries. Ronos never discovered this secret. Zeus thrives on the island day by day. One day, while playing with the female goat, he accidentally pushed her down and broke a beautiful horn. The fairy Amalthea hurriedly treated her injury, and Zeus picked up the horn, gave it magical power, and gave it to the kind fairy. This ram's horn has since been called the "Horn of Plenty" because it can produce all kinds of delicious food. After Zeus came of age, he used a trick to rescue the five brothers and sisters who were swallowed by their father, and worked together to overthrow the rule of Cronus, and finally ascended to the throne. 2. Queen Hera (Hera Juno) Hera is the daughter of Cronus, the sister and wife of Zeus; she is in charge of marriage and fertility, and is the protector of women; Hera has an elegant temperament and a beautiful appearance. She was loyal to her partner and worthy of her status as queen of heaven, but she was also famous for her jealousy. Therefore, Hera and Zeus often had fierce quarrels, but Zeus's sweet words usually made them reconcile. Hera The symbol of Ra is the peacock, because this bird with colorful feathers and a heart full of stars is a symbol of the beautiful and spectacular night sky, and the sky is the radiant face of Queen Hera. 3. Poseidon (Poseidon), the king of the sea, the second brother of Zeus, holds a huge trident and rules all creatures in the sea. Some are described as half-human and half-fish, able to control the wind and rain. He has a violent and cruel personality. Horses and cows are his sacred objects. Like Zeus, he is also very lustful. 4. Hades (Hades Pluto) Hades, the brother of Zeus, Poseidon, and Demeter, is in charge of the underworld. He is very powerful but has a peaceful personality. Except for taking Persephone, the goddess of spring, the daughter of the harvest goddess Demeter, as his wife, he had no other evil deeds. They love black the most, and their favorite sacrifices are black ewes or black bulls wrapped in black gauze. Introduction to Hades After people die, they are taken to the underworld by Hermes, the god of guidance. Here, a black river flows fiercely, the Acheron - the river of pain. The river blocks the way forward, and only a bearded boatman named Karon can ferry the undead to the other side. However, the undead must pay a certain river crossing fee before boarding the boat, otherwise they will wander along the banks of the River of Pain and cannot find a home. After crossing the river, there is a vast gray plain called the Fields of Truth, which connects two roads, leading respectively to the place of happiness - Elysee Paradise and the place of pain - Hell. The undead were judged by Minos, Rhadamandis and Aeacus, the three judges of the underworld, before the judgment seat in front of the Garden of Truth. The guilty people will receive varying degrees of punishment in hell according to their crimes, while the innocent people will be able to live a happy life of having no worries about food and clothing, singing in the wind and enjoying the moon in the beautiful and peaceful Elysee Paradise. Between the Elysee and Hell, there is a majestic palace built, which is the residence of Hades and Persephone. 5. Vesta, the God of Chastity (Hestia Vesta) Vesta (called Hestia in Greek mythology) is the protector of stoves and families. She helps Juno take charge of family life affairs. She represents women. Chaste, virtuous, kind, and hard-working, she never marries and has a place in every family. The fire on the stove represents her existence. However, she rarely participates in the affairs of the gods and has a small status in the human world. This is also a side reflection of the low status of women in a patriarchal society. In Greek mythology, she was the daughter of Cronus and Rhea, the sister of the main god Zeus, and helped Hera take care of family life. Zeus arranged a place for her on Mount Olympus. She was originally one of the twelve main gods, but in order to live with mortals, she gave up her position as main god to Dionysus, the god of wine. 6. Ares (Ares Mars), God of War, is a brave, ferocious, cunning, irrational, and war-for-war god. He once had an affair with Aphrodite, the god of love and beauty, the wife of the God of Craftsmen (Venus in Roman mythology), and was caught in a large net specially made by the God of Craftsmen, unable to escape. (Aphrodite was originally a Greek god, but was later absorbed into Roman mythology and called Venus.

) The vulture is his sacred bird, and his pet animal is a dog. 7. Athene, the goddess of wisdom (Athena Minerva), the goddess of wisdom and just war, is the only daughter of Zeus and Metis, the goddess of wisdom. She is the goddess of wisdom and peace (or the goddess of war). She is brave, powerful, kind, and merciful, but sometimes she is a little petty and does not want others to be better than her. When she was born, Zeus suffered severe pain in the head, and later he chopped it with a big axe. After opening, Athena is holding a spear and wearing armor; Athena is the goddess of wisdom and strength, the favorite daughter of Zeus, and one of the three virgin goddesses of Olympus. Patron saint of Athens. The owl with its eyes shining at night, as well as the rooster and the poisonous snake, are all symbols of the bright-eyed goddess Athena. 8. Hermes (Hermes, God of Peeping), the son of Zeus and Maia, the daughter of Atlas. With wings on his feet, he is as fast as flying. He became the messenger of the gods in the heavens and later became the protector of travelers, merchants and thieves. He often transformed into a mortal in the lower world to help protect the protectors. He was the smartest and cunning god. He moved swiftly and gracefully, and his feet wore He wears winged sandals, a low-crowned hat with wings on his head, and holds a magic wand with twin snakes in his hand. 9. Fire God Hephaestus (Hephaestus Urken), son of Zeus and Hera. Being ugly and lame is a major blemish on the beautiful world of gods! Although she is ugly, she is gentle, loves peace, and is very popular in heaven and earth. 10. Apollo, the God of Light (Helios Apollo) Note: Helios is the sun god, the son of Zeus and Leto, the brother of the moon god and the hunting goddess Artemis, Greece One of the Twelve Great Gods. In charge of light, medicine, literature, poetry, music, etc. The laurel tree is his sacred tree, and his favorite pets are dolphins and crows. Apollo and Helius are not the same person. In most records, the sun god is still Helios rather than Apollo. Precisely because Helios was not completely annexed by Apollo like Phoebus, later writers compiled many "myths" about how Helios stepped down and Apollo succeeded him. In essence, the part of Apollo that was considered the sun god was Helios. In ancient Greek mythology (except for the mythology of the indigenous Pilaki tribe), there is always only one sun god, and that is Helios: Helios-Apollo. 11. Aphrodite (Aphrodite), the Goddess of Love and Beauty (Aphrodite Venus) Aphrodite (also translated as Aphrodite) is the Goddess of Love and Beauty in Greek mythology , the daughter of Zeus and Dione. The Latin word for Venus and "Friday" are both derived from her Roman name. The counterpart to Aphrodite in Roman mythology is Venus. Aphrodite was born from Zeus and Dione. Another theory is that she was born from the body of the god Uranus and was born from the foam in the sea. Aphrodite has the most perfect figure and appearance in ancient Greece, symbolizing love and female beauty, and is considered the highest symbol of female physical beauty. Because of Aphrodite's beauty, all the gods pursued her. Zeus (her father) also pursued her but was rejected, so Zeus married her to the ugly and lame god of fire, Hephaestus. But she loved Ares, the god of war, and gave birth to the little god of love Eros (Roman name Cupid) and several other children with Ares. The myrtle is her sacred tree and the dove is her love bird. Swans and sparrows are also favored. 12. Moon Goddess Artemis (Artemis Diana) Artemis is the twin sister of Apollo and one of the three virgin goddesses (Roman name: Diana). Moon goddess, goddess of hunting, god of purity. Therefore, it is also called the protector of virgins. She is the master of wild animals and the chief hunter of the divine world. As a three-body goddess, she is Siren in the sky, Artemis on the ground, and Hecate in the underworld and the dark world. Cypress is her sacred tree, and deer is her favorite pet. 13. Dionysus, the God of Wine (Dionysus Bacchus). Dionysus, the God of Wine, is the same god as Bacchus believed by the Romans. He was believed by the Thracians in ancient Greece. The God of Wine, he not only held the intoxicating power of wine, but also became a very inspiring god at that time by giving joy and love. He promoted the civilization of ancient society, established laws, and maintained world peace. In addition, he protected Greek agriculture and theater culture. In the legend of the Holy Mountain of Olympia, he is the son of Zeus and Semele, and some say he is the son of Zeus and Psephone. The sacrifice of the ancient Greeks to Dionysus was one of the secret religious rites, similar to the Eleusinian secret rites for Demeter and Persephone. In Thracian rites, he wore fox fur, said to symbolize new life. The Dionysian carnival ceremony dedicated to Dionysus is the most secret religious ceremony. The first theory is that Dionysus is the son of Zeus and Semele. Semele was the princess of Thebes. Zeus fell in love with her and had a tryst with her. When the queen Hera learned about it, she became very jealous and became the princess's nanny. She encouraged the princess to make a request to Zeus to see the true body of Zeus to verify Zeus's love for her. her love. Zeus couldn't resist the princess's request and showed his true form - the God of Thunder. As a result, Semele was burned to death in the thunder and fire. Zeus rescued the infant Dionysus, who was less than a month old, and sewed him in his thigh until he was full. The moon took him out, because when he was in Zeus' thigh, Zeus walked like a lame, hence the name ("Dionysus" means "lame person"). The second theory is that Dionysus is the son of Zeus and Persephone.

Hera sent the Titans to kill the newborn Bacchus and destroy his body, but Zeus rescued his heart and allowed his soul to be reincarnated into Semilie's body for rebirth. As a result, the story about the rebirth and immortality of the god of wine spread throughout Greece, making people worship him endlessly. When Dionysus became an adult, Hera still refused to let him go, driving him crazy and wandering around. In the process of wandering on the earth, he taught the farmers how to make wine, and thus became the God of Dionysus. He was also one of the favorite gods of ancient Greek farmers. Every year, he was commemorated with sacrifices to Dionysus, and from this, ancient Greek tragedy developed. Dionysus, also known as Bagus in Rome, was the god of plants and the patron saint of grape growing and winemaking. Originally not a major god of Olympus. 14. Demeter, God of Spring (Demeter Sales), goddess of fertility, agriculture and forestry, she is the daughter of Cronus and Rhea, the second sister and fourth wife of Zeus. She has a gentle attitude and a warm smile. She is beautiful and gentle. She controls the growth of plants and gives birth to life on the earth. She taught people to cultivate and give life to the earth. She gave birth to Persephone with Zeus. But don’t think that her sacrifice is forever and without price. If you anger our gentle goddess with laziness and greed, her punishment will not be inferior to that of any angry god. Persephone was later kidnapped by Hades to become Queen of the Underworld. Because of the loss of her daughter, she had no interest in farming, causing the earth to lose its vitality. It was not until Zeus came forward that the mother and daughter could reunite, and the earth was reborn. Every winter is the day when she reunites with her daughter. She puts down work to be with her daughter, making this time unsuitable for farming. In Roman mythology she was mixed with Ceres. She was kind and gentle, but when Pluto stole her daughter, she was furious.