Zhang Fanghejian also writes classical Chinese

1. The epitaphs of Zhang Jun, the commander of Henan Province, are all signed with the name "sometimes" and he was from Hejian. A certain person is from Hejian. Zhang Jun is upright and upright, with a tall and tall appearance. He is good at writing. He passed the erudite macro-ci subject as a Jinshi and was appointed as the school secretary. From Jingzhao Wugongwei, he was appointed as a Shangguan and worshiped as a supervisor. Shi. ??Zhang Jun was framed by the emperor's favored ministers and was demoted to the south together with his contemporaries Han Yu and Li Fangshu to serve as county magistrates. After three years, Feng Guoen and others were transferred to Jiangling subordinate officials. Half a year later, Yong Guan Zhang Jun was asked to serve as a judge and to be appointed as the imperial censor, but he did not go. Later, he became the secretary of the Jingzhao Mansion. All the officials stated official business and did not dare to look at him. When they ate together in the court hall, they all ate and drank in a hurry with their heads down. He stood up and left quickly, no one dared to say anything. The county magistrate, Cheng Cheng, and county lieutenant were afraid that Zhang Jun would be like the stern Jing Zhaoyin. After the matter was settled, Jing Zhaoyin was changed to Fengxiang Yin, and he was the envoy of Jiedushi. As a guard in the west of Beijing, he asked to go with Zhang Jun. Later he was appointed as a member of the Ministry of Rites, Wai Lang, and an observer judge. The commander was transferred to another place. Zhang Jun was not willing to leave the capital for a long time, so he resigned and came back. Because of his previous talents, he was appointed as the magistrate of Sanyuan County. , more than a year later, he was promoted to Minister of Justice, Wai Lang, a member of the Ministry of Justice. He abided by laws and dared to dispute, was upright and did not cater to others. I will continue writing when I have time. 2. The Biography of Liu Chen in the Book of Jin Liu Chen, whose courtesy name was Daozhen, was from Ji, Yan State. Please translate the full text.

Liu Chen, whose courtesy name was Daozhen, was from Ji, Yan State. His family has been a prominent family in Beizhou for generations. When Liu Chen was young, he was an official in the prefecture and county. He was erudite and fond of ancient customs. The imperial guard Guan appointed Liu Chenzheng as a sergeant. Advocating Confucianism and being close to talented people, he recommended Huo Yuan to be promoted to a second-rank official. When Zhang Hua was tried (case), his words were clear in purpose and serious in tone, which was praised by the talents at that time. At that time, Li Liu was causing trouble in Shu, and the imperial court issued an edict to appoint Liu Chen, as a minister, to lead Luo Shang, the governor of Yizhou, and others to attack Li Liu. When they were about to march to Chang'an, Sima Yong, the king of Hejian, requested that Liu Chen be retained as military commander. (The court agreed) and ordered Xi Chuan to take Liu Chen's place (to attack Li Liu). Later, he also served as the governor of Yongzhou. When Zhang Chang rebelled, the imperial court ordered Sima Yong to send Liu Chen to lead more than 10,000 troops from the state and more than 5,000 soldiers from Zhengxi Prefecture to attack Zhang Chang from Lantian Pass. Sima Yong did not obey the order. Liu Chen led his own soldiers to Lantian, but Sima Yong forced him to seize his soldiers and horses. Changsha King Sima Yi also ordered Liu Chen to lead 400 military attachés to return to the state.

(Sima Yong’s men) Zhang Fang approached Kyoto, and the imperial army was defeated many times. Wang Hu and Zu Ti said to Sima Yi: "Liu Chen is loyal, righteous, courageous, and resolute. The troops he led Yongzhou's military strength is sufficient to control the Hejian area. Now it is best to send the emperor's edict to Liu Chen, ordering him to send troops to attack Sima Yong. When Sima Yong is in distress and danger, he will recall Zhang Fang to save himself. This is the best strategy. Ah!" Sima Yi obeyed them. Liu Chen followed the imperial edict and sent an order to all the prefectures and counties, and gathered the troops and defense troops from the seven counties, as well as more than 10,000 Wubi soldiers, and asked the Anding eunuch Bo and others to serve as vanguards to attack Chang'an. Sima Yong was stationed at Gaopingting in Zheng County at the time. In order to support the Eastern Army (Zhang Fang), he heard that Liu Chen had raised troops, so he returned to guard Weicheng. Sima Yong sent the governor Yu Kui to lead more than 10,000 infantry and cavalry in Haoji. Fight with Liu Chen. As soon as they engaged in the battle, Yu Kui was defeated. Sima Yong was frightened, so he retreated into Chang'an and called Zhang Fang urgently for help. Liu Chen crossed the Wei River and built a fortress. Every time Sima Yong sent troops to invite him to fight, Sima Yong was defeated. Liu Chen took advantage of the victory to attack him, and ordered Huangfu Dan and Wei Bo to lead 5,000 elite troops from Chang'an Gate and fight hard. Go to Sima Yong's tent. Liu Chen's army arrived late. Sima Yong's army saw that Huangfu Dan and others had no troops behind them, and their morale doubled. Zhang Fu, the prefect of Feng Yi, led his army to rescue Sima Yong and attacked Huangfu Dan on the way. In the battle at the gate of the mansion, both Wei Bo and his son died, and Huangfu Dan was captured again. Sima Yong was very surprised by Huangfu Dan's bravery and wanted to recruit him. But Huangfudan refused to yield to him and was killed. Liu Chen's army was defeated, and he led the remaining troops to station in the old camp. Zhang Fang sent Liu Chen's general Dunwei at night (to persuade him to surrender). Liu Chen's entire army was frightened and dispersed. Liu Chen and more than a hundred of his men fled south and were captured by Chen Cangling. Liu Chen said to Sima Yong: "Since the beginning of the operation, I knew that I would definitely die. Even the punishment of chopping people into meat paste, I don't care about it. I regard death as home." His impassioned words made everyone who saw him feel sad. Sima Yong was furious, whipped him severely, and then chopped him in half. Insightful people believed that Sima Yong deceived the emperor and killed loyal people, and would soon perish. 3. Classical Chinese translation of the biography of Zhang Heng in the history of the Song Dynasty

Original text: Zhang Heng, courtesy name Pingzi, was a native of Xi'e, Nanyang.

Heng Shao was good at literature and traveled in Sanfu. After entering the capital and observing the Imperial Academy, he became proficient in the Five Classics and mastered the Six Arts. Although his talents are above the world, he is not arrogant.

He is always calm and quiet, and it is not easy to communicate with ordinary people. In Yongyuan, it was not possible to promote filial piety and integrity, and even the official government was not established.

When the world is at peace, everyone from the prince to the prince is extravagant. Heng Nai copied Ban Gu's "Two Capitals" into "Er Capital Fu", because he used it as a satirical remonstrance.

Thinking carefully will take ten years to achieve success. General Deng Zhao was so talented that he did not respond to repeated calls.

Heng is good at ingenuity, especially thinking about astronomy, yin and yang, and calendar calculations. An Di Ya heard that Heng was good at martial arts and worshiped as a doctor, and then moved to Taishi Ling.

Then he studied the yin and yang and found out the correctness of the Xuanji. He made the armillary sphere and wrote "Lingxian" and "Suanwang Lun", which are very detailed. At the beginning of Emperor Shun's reign, he was transferred again and became Taishi Ling again.

Heng does not admire the current world, and the officials he lives in often do not move for many years. He left his post as a historian and returned after five years.

In the first year of Yangjia, the wind and seismograph was rebuilt. It is made of fine copper, with a diameter of eight feet, a bulging cover, and a shape like a wine statue. It is decorated with the shapes of turtles, birds and beasts in seal script.

There is a capital pillar in the middle, and there are eight roads running beside it, which are used to control and send out power. There are eight dragons outside, with a copper pill in their head and a toad underneath, which they open their mouths to receive.

The teeth are ingeniously made and are hidden in the statue, covering them all the time. If there is an earthquake, Zun will vibrate the dragon, spit out pills, and the toad will hold them.

The vibrating sound is exciting, and the observer is aware of it. Although one dragon is moving, but the seven heads are not moving, if you look for its direction, you will know where the earthquake is.

Test it with things, and the agreement is like a god. It has not been recorded since it was recorded in the book.

When a dragon's machine appears but the ground does not move, the scholars in the capital blame it for not having any signs of action. A few days later, when the post arrived, there was an earthquake in Longxi, so everyone was impressed by its wonderfulness.

From then on, historians were ordered to record the origin of the earthquake. At that time, political affairs were gradually declining, power was transferred to the lower level, and the affairs of the upper level were neglected.

Later he moved to serve as a servant, and the emperor led him around the curtain, making sarcastic discussions. Ask about those who are ill and ill in the world.

The eunuchs were afraid of destroying themselves, so they all looked at him, and Heng came out of the trap. The eunuch was afraid that he would end up in trouble, so he slandered him.

Heng often thinks about things about his body, thinking that good and bad fortunes lie on him, which are dim and difficult to understand. So he wrote "Si Xuan Fu" to express his emotions.

At the beginning of Yonghe, it appeared as the river phase. At that time, the king was arrogant and extravagant and did not abide by the constitution. He was also too arrogant and right-handed, and his behavior was unethical.

Heng got out of the car, governed with dignity, and rectified the laws. He secretly knew the name of the traitorous party, and gathered the birds for a while. He was solemn from top to bottom, which was called political principle. After serving in office for three years, he submitted letters begging for his bones and soliciting homage from the minister.

He died in the 4th year of Yonghe in the 62nd year of his reign. Cui Yuan, who wrote "Exegesis of Zhou Officials", believed that he could not be different from other Confucian scholars.

I also wanted to follow Confucius's "Yi" and said that "彖" and "Xiang" were incomplete, but I couldn't do it. He has written thirty-two poems, fuss, inscriptions, seven words, "Ling Xian", "Ying Xian", "Qi Bian", "Xun Gao" and "Xuan Tu".

Translation: Zhang Heng, whose courtesy name is Pingzi, is from Xi'e County, Nanyang County. Zhang Heng was good at writing articles when he was young. He studied in the "Sanfu" area, so he entered Luoyang and studied at Taixue. He was proficient in the Five Classics and the Six Arts. Although his talent was higher than that of ordinary people, he was not arrogant because of it. .

(He) usually behaves calmly and has a calm attitude, and does not like to interact with secular people. During the Yongyuan period, he was recommended as Xiaolian, but he was not recommended. He was called up by the government many times, but he never took up the post.

At this time, the society was peaceful and peaceful for a long time. From the princes and nobles to the ordinary officials, there was no one who was not excessively extravagant. Zhang Heng then imitated Ban Gu's "Ode to Two Capitals" and wrote "Ode to Two Capitals", using it to satirize and persuade (to the court).

(This poem, he) carefully conceived the organization, layout, meaning, and rhetoric of the article, and it took him ten years to complete it. The general Deng Zhi was surprised by his talent and recruited him many times, but he refused to fight.

Zhang Heng was good at ingenuity in instrument manufacturing, especially in astronomy, meteorology and calendar calculations. Emperor An of the Han Dynasty often heard that he was good at magic and mathematics, so he ordered him to be specially recruited and awarded him the official position of doctor.

Later he was promoted to Taishi Ling. Therefore, Zhang Heng carefully studied and examined the science of yin and yang (including astronomy, meteorology, calendar and other knowledge), incisively studied the correct principles of astronomical instruments, made an armillary sphere, and wrote books such as "Ling Xian" and "Suan Wang Lun" , the discussion is extremely detailed.

In the early years of Emperor Shun of the Han Dynasty, (Zhang Heng) was transferred twice and took the post of Taishi Ling. Zhang Heng did not follow the high-ranking officials at that time, and the official positions he held were always not promoted for many years.

Five years have passed since he left the post of Taishi Ling, and he returned here again. In the first year of Emperor Shun's Yangjia reign, Zhang Heng created the Houfeng seismograph.

This seismograph is made of pure copper and has a diameter of 8 feet. The upper and lower parts are combined to cover it, and the center is convex, looking like a large wine bottle. The outside is decorated with seal script characters and patterns of mountains, turtles, birds and beasts.

There is a thick copper pillar in the center of the interior. Eight slides extend around the copper pillar, and hinges are also installed to move the parts. There are eight dragons outside.

Each dragon's mouth contains a copper pill, and there is a toad under each dragon's head, with its mouth open, ready to catch the copper pill spit out from the dragon's mouth. The hubs and parts of the instrument are made very delicately and are all hidden in the wine-cup-shaped instrument. They are covered so tightly that there is no gap.

If an earthquake occurs, the dragon outside the instrument will vibrate, the mechanism will be activated, and the dragon's mouth will spit out a copper pill, which will be caught by the toad below. The sound of the copper pellets striking was clear and loud, and the people waiting for the machine learned the news of the earthquake.

When the earthquake occurred, only one dragon's mechanism was activated, and the other seven dragon heads did not move at all. You can know the location of the earthquake by looking in the direction pointed by the vibrating faucet.

Using actual earthquakes to test the instruments, they are in perfect agreement with each other. It is really as effective as a god. From the records in ancient books, there has never been such a thing.

One time, a dragon mechanism was activated, but Luoyang did not feel the earthquake. Scholars in the capital blamed it for not coming true this time. A few days later, the person delivering documents from the post station came and confirmed that an earthquake had indeed occurred in the Longxi area. Only then did everyone marvel at the wonderfulness of the seismograph.

From then on, the imperial court ordered historians to record the location of each earthquake based on seismographs. At that time, the politics was dark and the central power was transferred downwards, so Zhang Heng wrote to the emperor stating these things.

Later, he was promoted to the rank of Attendant, and the emperor asked him to enter the palace, where he could advise the emperor on the political affairs of the country. The emperor once asked Zhang Heng who the people in the world hated.

The eunuchs were afraid that Zhang Heng would tell them, so they all winked at him, so Zhang Heng left the palace without telling the truth to the emperor. But after all, those eunuchs were afraid that Zhang Heng would become a disaster, so they slandered him together.

Zhang Heng often thought about his own safety. He believed that blessings and disasters were caused by each other, which were deep and subtle and difficult to see clearly, so he wrote "Si Xuan Fu" to express and express his feelings. (Emperor Shun of the Han Dynasty) In the early years of Yonghe, Zhang Heng was transferred from the capital to take up the post. 4. Please translate the classical Chinese text

These two sentences come from Zeng Gong's "Yingzhou Xingzao Ji". The following is the translation, followed by the full text of "Yingzhou Xingzao Ji" and its detailed annotations and translations. Original for your reference.

Original sentence 1. Any dilapidated house should be repaired and restored to its original state. 2. Publicly display benefits to ensure that there is a stake in implementing warehouse operations.

Translation 1. (The rest) All collapsed and damaged houses will be repaired and restored to their original appearance (original appearance). 2. Mr. Li Suzhi pointed out matters that were beneficial to the country and in line with the times, so that all matters could be dealt with, so he rebuilt the warehouse and planned to build something like a tent for cover.

Please see the detailed notes in the attached section for details. Appendix: A record of the founding of Yingzhou. In the seventh month of the first year of Xining, Zeng Gongyuan's reign, there was a great earthquake in Hebei, which damaged the city walls and houses, especially in Yingzhou.

There was another earthquake that day, and the people rumored that a flood was coming, and they were frightened and wanted to run away. He advised the official Li Gongsu to serve as the pacification envoy in charge of Gaoyang Guanludu. He knew the affairs of Yingzhou and sent people to comfort Xiao, so that the rumors stopped.

It rained heavily that day, public and private matters were exposed, and warehouses were accumulated, leaving nothing to cover. Show your advantages publicly, make sure you have a good place, implement warehouses, and build business barriers.

When the rain stopped, the millet was counted with stones, and the number reached 1.3 million. Weapons and other things were called this, and they were all in good condition. At the beginning of the change, the public ordered the troops to be on guard. After it was over, there was no one to steal, and the alleys were sorted out.

The Khitan envoys from the north of Wei Dynasty used the city walls, towers, and oars as guard tools. After the public disaster, he took it as his own responsibility to rise and fall, knowing that the people could not be seriously trapped, so he asked the court to use his strength to seize the soldiers from the bypass, spend money to prepare the remaining materials from the river, and spend tens of millions of money to market. Wood is not true.

After gathering, a new city was built, fifteen miles in square, high, broad and strong, and the rate was added to the old one. Above it is the enemy tower with 4,600 war rooms.

In the past, the main entrance of the state had a disadvantage of being narrow and crude, but now it has become a big problem. All other dilapidated houses must be repaired and restored to their original condition.

When you look around, you will hear something. There are times when the swallows are resting, the food is high, the goods are deep, the guests are officials, and each has his own peace. He also used the remaining strength to build a certain number of miles of north and south corridors, and people went to Zhennao, that is, on the Yi Road.

Since the beginning of the work in July, it has not been completed in October. Its use of manpower can accumulate tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands; its use of bamboo, reeds, wood and tiles can accumulate tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands.

At the beginning of the Gai revolution, the wealth and the people were scarce. The people of this country thought that the service was huge and the work was difficult. They could not afford to count the money, and the fortresses, houses and houses could not be restored. As for the time limit for the initial work, the work will be reported.

Manager Gai advised the governor to do his best internally and externally with all his strength, so he could be easily damaged but become successful, so sensitive. After hearing about the incident, there was an edict to reward him.

When there was a fire in Zheng in the past, Zichan came to rescue the disaster and make up for the failure. It was appropriate and reasonable, and it was recorded in historical facts. When Wei was in trouble with the Di people, Duke Wen governed the city and palaces in accordance with the times, and the poets sang about it.

The destruction caused by the earthquake in Ying today is no different from the fire in Zheng and the bandits in Wei. The construction of public and imperial equipment does not lose its originality and is still the same as in ancient times.

Therefore, the scholars and officials of Ying all want to engrave the merits of the Duke in stone, and make him follow his father and brother in the military and government. In the shogunate of the Duke, they write down it in writing. I couldn't say goodbye, so I wrote it down so that in the next life, I would know that the Duke would work hard to serve the country.

Notes 1. "Record of the Rise of Yingzhou": Zeng Gong, born in 1019, was a famous essayist in the Northern Song Dynasty, named Zigu, and was born in Nanfeng, Jianchang (now Jiangxi). In the second year of Renzong Jiayou's reign (1057), he was promoted to Jinshi and appointed as editor of the school's history library, moved to the library for collation, and Jixian School Manager.

During the reign of Emperor Yingzong, he was the reviewer of records. In the second year of Emperor Shenzong's reign (1069), he became the general magistrate of Yuezhou and was transferred to Qizhou, Cangzhou and other places.

In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), he was sentenced to Sanbanyuan and compiled for the History Museum. Zeng Gong was one of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties" and a supporter and participant of Ouyang Xiu's "Ancient Prose Movement". His theory of ancient prose advocated that Taoism should be followed first, and his writing should be natural and simple. He did not pay much attention to literary talent, but paid attention to legality.

Zeng Gong's articles are rarely lyrical, but mostly argumentative and narrative. They have an elegant and upright style, rigorous organization, and are good at explaining. His prose is good at argumentation and formulating precise strategies. His representative works include "The Book of Shang Ouyang Sheren" and "The Book of Shangcai Scholar", which discuss the gains and losses of fighting chaos in the past dynasties with deep emotion.

"Preface to Li An's Second Life" and "Preface to Wang Pingfu's Collected Works" express the resentment of unrecognized talents. The writing style is simple and open and closed vertically and horizontally. "History of the Song Dynasty? Biography of Zeng Gong" commented on his article "It is based on Ouyang Xiu and Wang Anshi. It is slow but not annoying, simple and profound but not obscure.

It is difficult to say that Zhuo Ran is in his own way." Zeng Gong's main achievement was in writing, but he was also good at poetry. There are more than 400 existing poems, most of which are relatively simple and similar to his writing.

Among his poems in various genres, Qijue has the highest achievement, such as "West Tower", "South of the City", "Yong Willow", etc., which are exquisite and vivid, and can be regarded as the masterpieces of landscape description in the modern poetry of the Song Dynasty. "The Rise and Construction of Yingzhou" written by Zeng Gong records the construction of ancient Yingzhou after the earthquake in July of the sixth year of Xining. The narrative is rigorous and unpretentious. It is a rare masterpiece for studying the history of Hejian.

Zeng Gong Zeng Gong was appointed magistrate of Cangzhou. Previously, Zeng Gong served as magistrate in many places such as Qi, Xiang, Hong, Fu, etc., and was quite famous politically.

Before he came to Cangzhou to take up the post, Zeng Gong paid great attention to the people in Hebei, especially in Cangzhou. It was in the first year of Xining (1068) that earthquakes occurred in dozens of states in Hebei. Most buildings and residences collapsed, causing many casualties.

The most severely affected area was Yingzhou (now Hejian). In September, floods occurred again in Bazhou, Baoding, Enzhou, and Jizhou.

Zeng Gong, who was still in Kyoto at the time, wrote the "Disaster Relief Proposal" and proposed to the court that he should break the rules and vigorously support the victims to produce and save themselves. At that time, a cousin of Zeng Gong was working in Yingzhou. Zeng Gong learned about the earthquake relief situation in Yingzhou through this cousin, and wrote "Yingzhou Xingzao Ji", which recorded the work of Li Suzhi, the magistrate of Yingzhou, during the great earthquake. disaster relief performance.

At that time, there was an earthquake in Yingzhou, rumors spread, and people wanted to flee in fear. The governor Li Suzhi sent people to various places to comfort and persuade, and stopped the rumors.

He ordered the army to strengthen security and maintain law and order. As a result, the whole city "no one steals, and the alleys are organized."

After the earthquake, it rained heavily again, and food and supplies were exposed. Li Suzhi personally directed the inspection to ensure that the food supplies were properly handled.

Zeng Gong's article said that Li Suzhi "managed to persuade the supervisor to do his best internally and externally, so he was able to turn bad things into success." Due to Zeng Gong's recommendation, Li Suzhi received a commendation from the imperial court.

Reading Zeng Gong's "Record of the Rise of Yingzhou", we see the image of Li Suzhi as a dedicated official, and also see the Hejian people's panic at the beginning and their rationality later when the disaster struck. The performance of abiding by the law shows the civilized quality of the people in this place where poetry and books are passed down. 2. Great earthquake in Hebei: In the first year of Xining, Shenzong of the Song Dynasty (1068), serious earthquakes occurred continuously in Hebei, Kaifeng, Henan, and Guangdong.