What role does the interpretation system of tourist attractions play in scenic spots?

Tourism interpretation system is a very important part of tourism destination elements, and it is the necessary basis for the educational function, service function and use function of tourism destination to be brought into play. [1] The meaning of interpretation system is to use some media and expression to make specific information spread and reach the information recipients, help the information recipients understand the nature and characteristics of related things, and realize the basic functions of service and education. [2] Eco-tourism has become the main mode of tourism development at present, but the interpretation system of tourist attractions still stays at the level of traditional sightseeing. The content and form of interpretation system lack the functions of tourists' education, environmental protection and local cultural protection that ecotourism should have, and it is difficult to reflect the characteristics of ecotourism. Improving the quality of tourism interpretation system and establishing tourism ecological interpretation system have become urgent problems in the development of tourism.

1 Problems existing in the current tourism interpretation system

1. 1 the defects of the tour guide's own quality.

Tour guide interpretation system is one of the main ways to explain tourist attractions in China at present. The main performance is that professional tour guides actively and dynamically transmit information to tourists. Therefore, the reliability and accuracy of the information provided by the tour guide explanation system depends on the quality of the tour guide. At present, tour guides in many scenic spots in China often lack professional training in ecological knowledge of their own scenic spots, and lack sufficient professional knowledge on the protection and education functions of tourism, so it is difficult to provide tourists with services with the protection and education functions that ecotourism should have.

1.2 The design of the explanation board ignores the function of ecological protection.

Explanation board is the most basic and widely used facility in explanation service. [2] As far as general scenic spots are concerned, interpretation signs can be divided into the following four categories, namely, traffic guidance signs, scenery interpretation signs, warning warning signs and service guidance signs.

First of all, in the design of interpretation signs, there are many factors that are contrary to the protection of ecological environment in the selection of materials, style, color and content of interpretation signs in the current tourism interpretation system. For example, the signs in many scenic spots choose anti-corrosive wood treated with arsenic or copper as the material, which itself becomes a pollutant; The style and style of some scenic spots signs are not in harmony with the theme and ecological protection of scenic spots; Various signs have mixed styles and colors.

Secondly, the text, graphics and grammar displayed by various explanation boards are not humanized enough. At present, multilingual explanations in most scenic spots in China are weak, and improper grammar and words in foreign languages are common; The route of traffic signs is confusing and inconspicuous, and the graphic application does not meet the specifications; The explanation of the scenery is either too simple or too complicated, which is not conducive to tourists' reading; Warning signs indicate that the language is tough, causing psychological discomfort to tourists; The service guide logo is not clear enough. These problems greatly affect tourists' interest in tourism, and are not conducive to the ecological protection and educational function of tourism.

1.3 The explanation function of the visitor center is weak.

At present, many tourist centers in tourist attractions focus on the functions of tourism distribution and reception, ignoring the overall interpretation function, and some small scenic spots don't even have interpretation facilities for tourist centers. This leads to tourists' lack of overall understanding of the scenic spot after arriving at the scenic spot, which directly affects the tourism quality of tourists.

1.4 outdated explanation and lack of knowledge.

The defect of interpretation content, especially the defect of landscape interpretation content, is the biggest problem in the current tourism interpretation system. China's tourism industry includes

Entering the stage of eco-tourism, the content of scenery interpretation in most scenic spots still stays at the level of traditional sightseeing.

First of all, judging from the proportion of explanation content, image explanation and fantasy legend occupy an important position or even a dominant position in the current scenic spot explanation, while the popular science and knowledge content about the scene are relatively weak. At present, most of the explanations are based on the image-like rocks in scenic spots, and many legendary myths are fabricated out of thin air around these image-like rocks, but there are few geological, environmental, ecological and historical materials about this kind of scenery. Some scenic spots with low sightseeing value but high ecological and scientific value in the region are often abandoned, and the glacier remains found in Li Siguang of Huangshan Mountain are not explained, which is a typical example [3].

Secondly, there are great problems in the accuracy of the explanation content, especially the disadvantages of fiction, fabrication and exaggeration of the scenery explanation content. The source of landscape interpretation information can't stand scrutiny and textual research, and there are many people who are far-fetched. For example, Daming Mountain Scenic Area in Lin 'an, Zhejiang Province introduces Zhu Yuanzhang's rise, becoming a monk and meeting Liu Ji according to local legends, and provides explanations to tourists in the form of historical facts. However, according to the author's verification, these contents are not recorded in historical materials, and their authenticity is extremely problematic, which seriously misleads tourists in actual tourism activities.

Thirdly, the interpretation system of scenic spots lacks updating, the interpretation content is rigid and outdated, and it lacks timely updating and changes. At present, there is a misunderstanding in the design of interpretation system, especially in many scenic spots. Interpretation system is a static category and does not need to be updated. The scenery interpretation of a scenic spot often remains unchanged after the initial construction of the scenic spot. In today's information age, it is relatively simple for tourists to understand the destination attractions. The unchanging explanation system gives visitors only a sense of searching according to the map, but lacks the novelty and educational function of tourism activities. For repeat customers, the bland browsing feeling is more prominent. To some extent, the interpretation system in this mode has not adapted to the requirements of the current eco-tourism development, which objectively limits the education and environmental protection functions of the interpretation system. It has become the need of eco-tourism development to establish a landscape interpretation system that can be updated in time with the changes of time, season and social concepts.

To sum up, there are many problems in the current tourism interpretation system, which has been incompatible with the current situation of tourism development in many aspects. How to reform the existing tourism interpretation system and establish a tourism interpretation system adapted to the great development of eco-tourism is imminent. Based on the present situation of tourism interpretation system and tourists' expectations for it, the author conducted a questionnaire survey of tourists in scenic spots, grasped the first-hand information of tourism interpretation system in current scenic spots, especially eco-tourism scenic spots, and put forward the concept of tourism eco-interpretation system on this basis.

2. The connotation of tourism ecological interpretation system

2. 1 Concept of tourism ecological interpretation system

Tourism ecological interpretation system refers to a tourism interpretation system that uses ecological methods and technologies to spread the functions of eco-tourism and reach tourists, and provide tourists with environmental interpretation, nature protection and educational opportunities. Its core content is education and nature protection.

2.2 principles for the construction of tourism ecological interpretation system

The construction of tourism ecological interpretation system should follow the following principles.

2.2. 1 ecological compatibility principle

Ecological compatibility mainly means that the material selection of interpretation system should meet the requirements of ecological protection and sustainable development. The materials selected in the interpretation system are based on the principle of local materials, and a large number of recycled building materials are used, and wood is not treated with arsenic, copper and other elements, and non-degradable artificial materials are discarded. In a word, the material selection of tourism ecological interpretation system should respect and embody nature and ensure the protection of the current ecological environment.

2.2.2 Landscape compatibility principle

The requirement of landscape compatibility means that the construction of tourism ecological interpretation system should be coordinated with the surrounding natural and human environment, especially the styles and colors of various interpretation signs should be consistent with the surrounding environment. For sensitive landscape areas, the location of explanatory signs should be fully considered to minimize the impact on the environment.

Principles of systematic implementation

Tourism interpretation system should be an organic system composed of interpreters, interpretation signs, tourist centers, portable publications and other interpretation elements. Therefore, the construction of ecological interpretation system should be systematically designed and implemented, and various interpretation elements should be comprehensively considered to provide different interpretation methods according to the needs of tourists. The selection of explanation content should fully consider the characteristics of different explanation elements, so as to focus on each other and generalize the whole.

2.2.4 the principle of humanistic care

The tourism ecological interpretation system should fully reflect humanistic care, that is, the humanization of interpretation, and the psychological needs of tourists when they receive interpretation services should be fully considered when designing.

The humanistic care of the interpretation system mainly includes the following two aspects: First, the interpretation service should fully respect tourists. This includes the following aspects: the commentator should have a good service attitude; As far as possible, the commentary should abandon blunt prohibitions and adopt gentle advice; Guide and explain to fully consider the needs of tourists and adapt to the reading comprehension of all kinds of tourists; The disabled are listed as the interpretation service objects, and the interpretation system should be designed to meet the needs of disabled tourists. Secondly, interpretation services should fully respect nature. Nature protection is one of the core functions of ecotourism. As the main way of interaction between ecotourism and tourists, interpretation service should reflect its core function, and the content of interpretation should put nature and people on an equal footing, fully reflecting human respect for nature.

2.2.5 The principle of seeking truth from facts

The principle of seeking truth from facts mainly refers to the informational requirements of ecological interpretation system. The explanation of various tourism elements such as natural heritage, cultural heritage, local customs of destination and scientific value of natural landscape should be as true as possible, and the explanation information should have substantial source research and scientific basis, and it should not be fabricated out of thin air and far-fetched.

2.3 the function of tourism ecological interpretation system

A complete tourism ecological interpretation system should have the following functions.

2.3. 1 Basic information and guidance function

Tourism ecological interpretation system should provide tourists with basic information and service-oriented functions of tourist destinations in various ways, so that tourists can feel convenience, comfort and pleasure in tourist destinations.

2.3.2 Help tourists understand and appreciate the functions of tourism resources.

This is a function of all interpretation systems. Ecological interpretation system should help tourists understand the value of tourism resources on the basis of truth and get a good feeling from it.

2.3.3 Establish the function of interactive communication platform between tourists and destinations.

The tourism ecological interpretation system should be devoted to establishing and strengthening the interactive communication between tourists and tourist destinations, including the "people-things" communication between tourists and tourism resources and the "people-people" communication between tourists and destination residents. Through these two platforms, tourists and community residents can understand each other, thus promoting the realization of the three major benefits of tourism.

2.3.4 Educational function

Educational function is one of the core functions of tourism ecological interpretation system. The educational targets of the tourism ecological interpretation system should include tourists, community residents and destination operators, with tourists and community residents as the main targets. The content of education should include the following aspects: local natural, cultural and social values; The principle of ecotourism and its embodiment in products; The significance and effective methods of protecting nature; Measures to be taken in case of emergency, professional skills to be possessed in adventure tourism activities, etc.

2.3.5 Nature protection function

Another core function of the tourism ecological interpretation system is the nature protection function. The ecological interpretation system should formulate an environmental interpretation plan, which should include the significance of local nature protection, effective methods to reduce environmental impact, appropriate behaviors in culturally and environmentally sensitive areas, and natural environment monitoring and evaluation data and various behaviors affecting data on the basis of meeting the needs of most tourists.

To sum up, the educational function and nature protection function are the core of the tourism ecological interpretation system, and they complement each other and are mutually conditional. Nature protection is realized through education, which is the condition of nature protection and provides a good carrier for education.

3 abstract

With the development of tourism, eco-tourism has become the main mode of tourism development. However, the current tourism interpretation system has great problems in the content and form of interpretation, which can not meet the requirements of the current eco-tourism development. It is an important way to improve the eco-tourism image of existing scenic spots to carry out ecological transformation and establish ecological interpretation system.

The construction of tourism ecological interpretation system should comprehensively consider the principles of ecological compatibility, landscape compatibility, system implementation, humanistic care and seeking truth from facts. Its core function is education and nature protection, and it should also include basic information and guidance to help tourists understand and appreciate tourism resources and establish an interactive communication platform between tourists and destinations. Zhihui travel