Where is Zhang Qinglian from?

Zhang Qinglian (1908.7.31-2006.12.14), a native of Changshu, Jiangsu, is an inorganic chemist, educator and academician of China Academy of Sciences. He was once a professor at Fu Jen Catholic University, Tsinghua University and Peking University, and the first chairman of the China Mass Spectrometry Society.

Engaged in teaching and scientific research of inorganic chemistry for a long time. He has profound attainments in isotope chemistry and is the founder and pioneer of stable isotope discipline in China. He played an important role in the development and production of heavy water and lithium isotopes in China. In his later years, he engaged in the study of atomic weight determination by isotope mass spectrometry. The atomic weight of indium measured by 199 1 year is 1 14.8 18 stone 0.003, which has been adopted as a new international standard. His works include Heavy Water Research and Inorganic Chemistry Series.

Chinese name: Zhang Qinglian.

Nationality: China.

Ethnic group: Han nationality

Place of Birth: Tangzhi Town, Changshu City, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Date of birth:1July 3, 9081.

Date of death: February 65438+April 2006.

Occupation: Inorganic chemist, educator, academician of China Academy of Sciences.

Graduate institutions: Guanghua University (now East China Normal University), University of Berlin, Germany, etc.

Main results: The atomic weight of indium was measured in 199 1 year.

Founder and Pioneer of Isotope Discipline in China

Representative works: heavy water research, inorganic chemistry series, inorganic chemistry series, etc.

resume

1908 July 3 1 was born in Changshu City, Jiangsu Province.

1930 graduated from Guanghua University (now School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University) with a bachelor of science.

1930 ——1931year Xiaoyou middle school teacher.

1934 graduated from Tsinghua University graduate school.

1936 received a doctorate in philosophy from the University of Berlin, Germany.

1936 ——1937 is a visiting scholar at the Swedish Institute of Physical Chemistry.

1937 ——1938 was an associate researcher at the institute of chemistry, academia sinica.

1938 ——1939 Professor, Guanghua University (now East China Normal University).

1939 ——1946 professor The National SouthWest Associated University.

Professor Tsinghua University from 1946 to 1952.

1951-1956 was elected as the executive director of the 17th Council of chinese chemical society; 1963 1990 was elected as the executive director and director of the 20th, 21st and 22nd Council of the Association.

Professor Peking University 1952 and Head of the Department of Chemistry 1978- 1983.

1954 ——1956 was employed as the academic secretary of China Academy of Sciences.

1955 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences; 1981-1992, deputy director of chemistry department.

1980 ——1984 was elected as the first chairman of China mass spectrometry society.

1980- 1985, head of the stable isotope group of the State Science and Technology Commission.

1983 ——1989 was elected as the title member of the Atomic Weight and Isotope Abundance Committee of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.

He died in Beijing at the age of 99 on February/KOOC-0/4/KOOC-0/9: 03, 2006.

The life of the character

Early experience

Zhang Qinglian was born in a well-off family in Tangzhi Town, Changshu County, Jiangsu Province on July 3 1908. 14 years old, admitted to Suzhou Taowu Middle School, which is attached to St. John's University and once ranked first in the school's Chinese and English competitions.

1926 when I graduated from high school, I could have gone straight to the university for free because of my excellent grades. However, patriotic teachers and students left school and set up a private Guanghua University because the American president insulted the China flag on 1925. This patriotic action was supported by Zhang Qinglian, who gave up the opportunity of free admission to St. John and was admitted to Guanghua University. Considering that he can find a job in a middle school and start a small chemical industry after graduating from the chemistry department, he chose chemistry. It took him only three and a half years to complete the required credits at Guanghua University, and he won the silver cup award with the first place when he graduated.

After graduating from college, Zhang Qinglian taught in Changshu Xiaoyou Middle School for one year. 193 1 was admitted to Tsinghua University graduate school. At that time, he saw the shortage of inorganic chemistry talents in China, so he chose inorganic chemistry as his major. Under the guidance of Professor Gao Chongxi, he completed three research papers on rare elements: inorganic synthesis, analysis and identification, and physical and chemical measurement. Finally, I got Geng Fund to study abroad at public expense with excellent results.

Studying in Western Europe

Since many early American chemists had studied in Germany, he decided to go to Germany for further study. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/934, he entered the Department of Physical Chemistry of the University of Berlin. Since he has been studying in a domestic university for 13 semesters, he only needs to register for 3 semesters according to German regulations. He studied under inorganic chemist Li Sen Felt. At that time, the American Nobel Prize winner Yulein discovered heavy hydrogen and made heavy water, which caused great shock in international academic circles. According to Zhang Qinglian's existing scientific research foundation, Li Sen Felt suggested that he take the study of heavy water as the topic of his doctoral thesis. After he bought the first batch of heavy water products from Norway, he immediately began to measure the critical temperature of heavy water. Micro-method was used at that time. The inner diameter of the glass capillary is 0.3 mm, the constant temperature is 645K, and the pressure in the tube is above 20 MPa. The sealed pipeline often breaks, which brings difficulties to the experiment. Under the guidance of his tutor, he worked hard day and night to complete the determination of the critical temperature of heavy water in a short time. However, it seems an abnormal phenomenon that the freezing point and boiling point of heavy water are higher than that of light water, while the critical temperature of heavy water is 2.7℃ lower than that of light water. This result was published in the German Journal of Physical Chemistry in the spring of 1935, and was verified by another German scholar with the exact constant method four years later.

Zhang Qinglian published the two-phase density state diagram of light water and heavy water in the whole temperature range, which was quoted by the book Isotope Chemistry (1957) by Buloczky of the Soviet Union. He carefully designed an experiment. By comparing the vapor pressure difference between light water and heavy water, he observed that the vapor pressure difference had a turning point at 498K, and revealed the essence of this abnormal phenomenon. This paper is published at the same time as similar research work independently carried out by American laboratories, which verifies each other.

In order to measure the vapor pressure of semi-heavy water and heavy oxygen water, it is necessary to establish a method for simultaneously analyzing these two kinds of replacement water. He normalized deuterium with hydrogen sulfide and measured the density difference by float method to determine the density before and after normalization. The data of semi-heavy water and heavy oxygen water below 100℃ measured by this method, together with the vapor pressure data of heavy water, later became an important scientific basis for the production of heavy water by distillation.

/kloc-0 In the winter of 935, Zhang Qinglian collected snow water samples from Berlin and Sweden, and determined the contents of semi-heavy water and heavy oxygen water for the first time. It is observed that the content of semi-heavy water and heavy oxygen water is lower than that of ordinary water, and the difference of snow content is greater than that of rain content. On this basis, he put forward the distribution theory of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in all walks of life of the earth for the first time by consulting the isotope content data of substituted water in rivers, lakes, oceans and plants, which had a far-reaching impact on later experiments and theoretical research.

During the two years of heavy water research in Zhang Qinglian, * * * published 10 paper, and the work with American laboratory colleagues constituted the classic literature of early heavy water properties research. When publishing articles, Li Sen Felt and Zhang Qinglian both showed a humble style, contending to put each other's names before their own, which showed mutual academic respect between teachers and students.

1936, Li Sen Felt was persecuted by the Nazis, and his teaching post was revoked, but Zhang Qinglian still insisted on doing research with him. In June of that year, Zhang Qinglian received a doctorate. Li Sen Felt was forced to leave Germany to work in the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Science College of Sweden University. Zhang Qinglian went to Sweden as a visiting scholar and worked as a colleague for another year. He used gas mixture as simulated isotope mixed gas and studied the diffusion separation through the membrane wall.

During the three years of studying in Western Europe, Zhang Qinglian learned a lot from the lectures of many authoritative scientists, such as Bodenstein, the founder of chemical kinetics, Hahn, the Nobel Prize winner, etc. He listened to the academic reports of visiting first-class scientists, including Nobel Prize winners, in Berlin and the award-winning reports in Sweden. He also visited the laboratories of Hertz, Svedberg and Sigban, as well as the famous Cavendish laboratory in Cambridge and the Curie Radium Institute in Paris. These academic activities had an important influence on Zhang Qinglian's dedication to science and his continuous achievements in becoming a famous chemist and educator.

Returning to China during the Anti-Japanese War

When Zhang Qinglian was in Sweden, he received a telegram from Zhuang Changgong, director of the Institute of Chemistry of Academia Sinica, and was hired as an associate researcher. This appointment was decided by Zhuang Changgong after reading his article in a magazine, which is very rare for a young man who has never met before. Therefore, Zhang Qinglian fully demonstrated his qualities and talents as a scientist in his early scientific research work.

1July, 937, Zhang Qinglian returned to Shanghai via the Atlantic Ocean, North America and the Pacific Ocean. It was at the beginning of Japan's invasion of China that the Institute of Chemistry was forced to stop working. Zhang Qinglian borrowed the laboratory of Guanghua University in the concession to study the synthesis of various complexes. The following year, he was hired as a professor by Guanghua University. He supervised the graduation thesis of two fourth-grade students, one was to synthesize complexes, and the other was to determine the solubility of sodium chloride in the mixed solution of light water and heavy water at 25℃ by semi-micro method. Both papers have achieved good results.

65438-0939, because two professors left their posts, The National SouthWest Associated University Department of Chemistry hired Zhang Qinglian as a professor. He took office in Kunming via Vietnam. At that time, although many famous domestic scholars were concentrated in the National The National SouthWest Associated University, the conditions were very difficult and it was difficult to carry out scientific research. However, Zhang Qinglian, together with two Chinese and English research assistants assigned to him by Yang Shixian, head of the Department of Chemistry, used 1 10 grams of heavy water brought back from abroad and some timely glass instruments to complete two papers on the properties of heavy water. One of them is to raise the temperature for measuring the density of heavy water to 50℃ for the first time, which corrects the hypothesis that there is a maximum density near this temperature in the literature at that time. At the same time, two papers on the hydrodynamic effect of heavy water have been completed. In order to determine the normal boiling point of pure heavy ethanol hydrolyzed by aluminum ethoxide, a set of constant pressure device was made. However, the pure test solution at that time was only 1 ml. It requires skilled skills and orderly operation steps to read the data at the moment when the reading of the standard thermometer remains unchanged. He personally completed this determination and accurately determined the boiling point and density of heavy ethanol for the first time. This result has been included in byers Da Ji's Handbook of Organic Chemistry.

National Southwest Associated University insists on scientific research.

1943, under the difficult conditions caused by the war, all scientific research work in the Department of Chemistry of National Southwest Associated University was forced to stop. When Wu Xiang, who was in charge of academic exchanges between China and the United States, asked for a paper, he immediately promised to hand it in within three months. He thinks that the distribution constant of iodine in carbon tetrachloride and water at 25℃ is the classic data quoted in textbooks; If heavy water is used instead of light water, it is meaningful to study the isotopic effect of this distribution constant. So I installed a thermostat and did an experiment on iodine concentration every two days. One day, Rosty Yi prepared the equipment, took a pot of boiling water to the laboratory, and injected it into the thermostatic bath to make the water temperature reach the required temperature quickly. After constant temperature, the sealed tube was rotated to reach equilibrium, then 2ml of heavy water phase and 1ml of organic phase were taken out, and their iodine concentrations were determined with calibrated sodium thiosulfate solution, and the distribution constant of light water and heavy water changed to 85: 103, which fulfilled our promise as scheduled.

While working in National Southwest Associated University, Zhang Qinglian also instructed a teaching assistant of Guanghua University to measure the molar freezing point reduction constant of heavy water for the first time. Instruct a teaching assistant of Central University to complete the synthesis of complex. He synthesized the papers on heavy water published at home and abroad and wrote the book "Research on Heavy Water", which won the second academic prize of the Ministry of Education of the National Government 1943. At the same time, Wang Zhuxi, Wen Yiduo and other four professors of the General Assembly also won this honor.

After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression ended.

1946, Tsinghua University moved back to Beiping to resume his studies, and the chemistry museum in the school was ransacked by the Japanese invaders. In this case, Zhang Qinglian still insists on scientific research. He and his teaching assistant raised the temperature range for measuring the density of heavy water to 95℃ and extended it to 100℃ for the first time. The paper on the accurate data obtained was originally sent to the British magazine Nature according to the newsletter, but the editorial department turned it into a text column, which showed the importance of this work.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China

1949 after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Zhang Qinglian's teaching and scientific research activities received great attention and support, and achieved fruitful results.

From 65438 to 0939, Zhang Qinglian taught high-grade inorganic chemistry, rare elements, complex chemistry and other courses during his teaching in the Department of Chemistry of The National SouthWest Associated University, which made a lot of basic work for the research of inorganic chemistry and the cultivation of teaching talents in China.

During the period of 1952, Zhang Qinglian was appointed as the deputy head of the Chemistry Group of the Curriculum Reform Committee of the Ministry of Education. When the Department of Chemistry of Peking University established the Inorganic Chemistry Teaching and Research Section, he served as the director of the teaching and research section, taught inorganic chemistry, and organized the translation and publication of the book General Chemistry Course written by Klassov, a Soviet. 1955 assisted the Ministry of Education in organizing the inorganic chemistry course (published by Higher Education Press 1958) co-authored with Dai Anbang, Yan Zhixian and Yin Jingzhi. This book is a textbook of basic inorganic chemistry compiled by Chinese chemists. The content is novel and informative, which condenses the valuable experience of several editors engaged in inorganic chemistry teaching and scientific research for many years. It is not only widely used in colleges and universities, but also plays an important role in training young teachers. In order to cultivate inorganic chemistry talents, Zhang Qinglian has worked hard for decades in the post of university chemistry education. He has been teaching inorganic chemistry and general chemistry courses for freshmen for many years. His lectures are focused and inspiring, and he attaches importance to classroom demonstration experiments. His exquisite explanation and skillful experimental skills inspired many students to devote themselves to chemistry.

From 65438 to 0954, as an inorganic chemistry teacher, he presided over the training of Soviet experts in universities all over the country. Later, Peking University successively offered courses on rare elements, inorganic synthesis and isotope chemistry. After 1955, he trained many graduate students and senior teachers majoring in inorganic chemistry, and served as the deputy director of the editorial board of chemistry textbooks of the Ministry of Education. He has also written comprehensive articles such as Fifty Years' Progress in Inorganic Chemistry and Isotopes and Atomic Weight, and his incisive views and comments have benefited readers of inorganic chemistry a lot.

1978 Zhang Qinglian is the editor-in-chief of inorganic chemistry series. This series is divided into 18 volumes. The first 10 volume discusses the elements of various nationalities, and the last 8 volumes belong to a special branch. He, he and Tang jointly wrote the post-actinides. It was written at the beginning of 1993 and lasted for more than ten years. In the late 1980s, although Zhang Qinglian was over eighty years old, he spared no effort to complete this series, which made a very useful basic work for inorganic chemistry in China.

social activity

From 65438 to 0950, Zhang Qinglian was a member of the Propaganda Committee of the National Federation of Science and Technology, and the following year, he participated in the first Korean people's condolence delegation to North China. After returning to China, it took five months to publicize and report all over the country. In this great political movement, he was deeply tempered ideologically.

195 1, chinese chemical society resumed his activities. He was appointed as the executive director and was elected as the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Chemistry (1952- 1956) the following year. He established a strict peer review system, and often checked and proofread manuscripts in person, which ensured the publishing level of publications. Since the publication of China Science and Science Bulletin, he has served as the editorial board for a long time. He used to be a member of the Chemistry Group of the General Administration of Publishing, a member of the Terminology Review Group of the Physical Chemistry Group of the Cultural and Educational Committee, and now a member of the National Terminology Review Committee of Natural Science. 1980 was elected as a member of the Second National Committee of China Association for Science and Technology.

China Academy of Sciences was founded in 1950, and was hired as a distinguished member of Physical Chemistry Group the following year. 1954, the Academy of Sciences set up an academic secretariat, and invited Zhang Qinglian to be the academic secretary for two years to participate in the establishment of the Department of Mathematics and Physics. The following year, he was elected as a member of the Department of Mathematics and Physics. At the inaugural meeting of the College, Zhang Qinglian and others were received by Premier Zhou and were greatly encouraged. 65438-0955 participated in the preparation of the Institute of Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, and later served as a researcher and academic member of the Institute. 1956 participated in the national conference on science and technology development planning. 198 1 He was appointed as a member, standing committee member and deputy director of the Department of Chemistry of China Academy of Sciences, and participated in the consulting work on major national scientific and technological issues.

1956 Zhang Qinglian was rated as an activist in the propaganda activities of peaceful use of atomic energy. 1959, he was invited to give a speech at the commemoration of the 25th anniversary of the birth of Russian chemist Mendeleev/kloc-0. 1960 attended the Guangzhou Science and Technology Work Conference. 1972 Participated in the comprehensive scientific investigation meeting of Mount Qomolangma (Lanzhou), and submitted the hydrogen and oxygen isotope distribution report of snow water in the peak area. 65438-0975 Participated in the First National Isotope Geology Conference (Guiyang) and published the report "Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotope Distribution and Analysis in Natural Water".

Zhang Qinglian actively promotes the scientific research and application of mass spectrometry in China. 1980 when the China mass spectrometry society was founded, he was elected as the director (1980— 1984) and later served as honorary director. In the same year, he served as the leader of the stable isotope professional group of the State Science and Technology Commission, responsible for convening national conferences, exchanging experience and information, and coordinating the production tasks of stable isotopes of light elements.

Zhang Qinglian is also very concerned about secondary education, which he believes is the foundation of university education. I talked to middle school teachers many times, gave them reports, and reviewed and revised middle school chemistry textbooks. In order to promote the progress of teaching and scientific research in China, he also wrote an article entitled "Problems in China's Higher Education at Present" (1June 2, 984) for China Education News.

achievements in scientific research

Scientific research is the foundation of human civilization accumulation, which is Zhang Qinglian's creed and also constitutes his life values. Since 1935, he has been focusing on water and stable isotopes, involving isotopes of more than ten elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, lithium, boron, sulfur, indium, antimony, cerium, europium and iridium. In the past 50 years, the physical and chemical properties of isotopic compounds, the dynamic effect of isotopes, the principle and method of isotope separation, the development of isotope standard samples, the determination of natural abundance and atomic weight of isotopes, etc. have been systematically and deeply studied, and more than 0/00 related papers have been published. 1985, he summed up his scientific research achievements in the past half century with an article entitled "Fifty Years of Isotope Chemistry Research".

The density value of heavy water 25C is not only the detection standard of heavy water grade (see American ASTM), but also the competitive object that international scholars try to measure accurately. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately determine the abundance of hydrogen isotopes and slightly oxygen-enriched isotopes by mass spectrometry. He and his assistant used ingenious experimental design to make the numerical value accurate to seven significant figures, which was one of the three best measurements in the international period of 1975 ~ 1985.

Professor Zhang Qinglian has made outstanding contributions in determining the relative atomic mass. 1983 was elected as a member of the International Atomic Weight Committee. By 2005, the new values of relative atomic mass of ten elements, such as indium, iridium, antimony, europium, cerium, erbium, germanium, zinc and dysprosium, which he presided over, were adopted as new international standards by the International Atomic Weight Committee.

199 1 year, the accurate atomic weight of indium determined by Zhang Qinglian isotope mass spectrometry is114.818 0.003, which adds a new number to the international atomic scale. This is the first time in the world to use the atomic weight data measured by China as the standard data. People think that this not only shows that the scientific level of China people is internationally competitive, but more importantly, it has set an ambition for the people of China. Zhang Qinglian also has many high-level research achievements in the field of rare elements. 1933 published the synthesis of five new selenite complexes, which is the first coordination chemistry paper in China. He also added the detection of rhenium to Noyce's masterpiece "Qualitative Analysis System of Rare Elements" (1927). He first made a systematic experiment to determine the position of rhenium in the copper telluride family, and then precipitated rhenium into rhenium disulfide in the filtrate of iridium and rhodium precipitation, and identified it in the form of rubidium rhenate. The content of rhenium in each layer and various elements that may interfere were determined. This method can detect 0.02% rhenium. In 1980s, Zhang Qinglian synthesized two new lithium halide complexes, both of which have the crystal structure of five-coordinated lithium, breaking through the viewpoint that lithium is only in even coordination.

In recognition of Zhang Qinglian's fruitful scientific research achievements in many aspects, the Chinese Chemical Society held a congratulatory meeting on his 50-year chemical work at 1985. Lu Jiaxi, Liu Gang and many other chemists went to give speeches and congratulations. 1989, China Academy of Sciences awarded him the honorary certificate of "Fifty Years of Scientific Work".

Zhang Qinglian is upright and cheerful, strict with himself, tolerant of others, rigorous in his studies and brave in exploration. Love the motherland, be loyal to education, work hard, regardless of fame and fortune. He has a wide range of knowledge and interests, including literature, art, gardening, calligraphy, sports, tourism and so on. Follow your own creed all your life and contribute to the accumulation of human civilization.

65438+February, 2006 14 19: 03, a famous chemist and educator, a senior academician of China Academy of Sciences, the founder of stable isotope chemistry in China, a professor at the School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Peking University, and an outstanding producer of China, Mr. party member Zhang Qinglian died in Beijing at the age of 99.

National defense contribution

Mastering the production technology of heavy water and lithium isotopes is the basis of China's independent development of nuclear industry. Entrusted by the Ministry of Chemical Industry, Zhang Qinglian has been to the relevant units for many times since 1957 to preside over or give lectures on heavy water production methods. He gave a report on "Physical and Chemical Properties of Heavy Water" at the 1960 Conference on Heavy Water Development Scheme. Then attend the on-site meeting to provide a method for the analysis of the workshop section. 1963, he designed a ministerial standard method for detecting finished products with floating objects and sunken objects, and provided a Y5 standard sample, which was later developed into a series of standard samples and determined by mass spectrometry. After the double-temperature exchange method was adopted in China, he organized the translation and publication of the working manual of the double-temperature exchange method for Savannah and Dana heavy water plants in the United States, which provided an important reference for medium-sized heavy water plants. The total distribution constant of deuterium in two phases under the condition of two-temperature process was determined, and the accurate data of electrolytic separation coefficient in electrolytic section were provided. In recognition of Zhang Qinglian's contribution to heavy water production, the Ministry of Chemical Industry awarded him the title of national advanced worker in national defense chemical industry on 1990.

In the early 1960s, the lithium isotope separation plant was once paralyzed because the Soviet Union withdrew its experts and stopped providing technical information. Zhang Qinglian was invited to the factory. After understanding the situation of the factory, he put forward feasible measures and served as the technical consultant of the factory. Participated in the development task of lithium isotope, and provided a rapid analysis method of lithium isotope abundance-crystal floating method in workshop analysis. In the winter of 1965, when he attended the appraisal meeting of lithium deuteride -6 finished products, he saw the colorless and transparent cubic crystal with blue color, and his heart was filled with incomparable joy. Soon China's hydrogen bomb explosion test was successful, only two years and eight months before the atomic bomb explosion, which surprised the world. Under the education and influence of Zhang Qinglian, his eldest son resolutely became an engineer in the factory and devoted himself to his duties. In recognition of Zhang Qinglian's outstanding achievements, China Nuclear Society awarded him the title of honorary director on 1990. In him, people see the role of basic research in improving high technology, and also see the important role played by a scientist when his intelligence is closely combined with the needs of the people of the motherland.

international communication

1957, Zhang Qinglian went to Moscow to attend the Soviet Union Isotope Application Conference, and gave a report on "Analysis of Heavy Water by Precision Dropping Method". From 65438 to 0959, he attended the Isotope Application Conference in Leipzig, East Germany, and made a report on "Analysis of Heavy Water with Various Density Methods", so he was included in the Who's Who of Atomic Science from 65438 to 0969.

1979 Zhang Qinglian, as a member of a five-member delegation from chinese chemical society, went to Helsinki to attend the 27th academic conference of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, and successfully safeguarded chinese chemical society's representation in this international organization. A report entitled "Determination of Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotope Abundance" was given at the meeting. 1983 The 32nd General Assembly of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry was held in Copenhagen. As a national representative, he participated in the Committee on Atomic Weight and Isotope Abundance, won favorable comments at the meeting with profound knowledge and incisive opinions, and was elected as a professional title member (1983- 1989). He is the first chemist in China to win this honor. This academic activity aroused his interest in atomic mass spectrometry and developed into his later research field. 198 1 year, Zhang Qinglian went to the United States to attend the gold isotope seminar, and presented two wall newspapers on isotope abundance. In the same year, he went to Cambridge to attend the 10th annual meeting of the British Mass Spectrometry Society and presented the wall newspaper of boron isotope mass spectrometry. 1983 gave a lecture at the Sackley Nuclear Research Center in France. 1984 served as the Chinese host of the Beijing Sino-Japanese bilateral academic conference on mass spectrometry, and 1987 served as the consultant of the Beijing International Symposium on Instrumental Analysis. Zhang Qinglian is also the editor of French Inorganic Chemistry Review, and now he is the consultant editor of American Mass Spectrometry Review, and has written a paper on the new progress of organic mass spectrometry in China.

International contribution

1983 was elected as a member of the International Atomic Weight Committee. The new values of relative atomic masses of indium, iridium, antimony, europium, cerium, germanium, zinc and dysprosium were determined, which were adopted as new international standards by the International Atomic Weight Committee.