History of Weining Caohai

1. Weining Caohai Nature Reserve is located in Weining Yi and Miao Autonomous County in western Guizhou. Caohai, known as the "Pearl of the Plateau", is the largest natural freshwater lake in Guizhou, which is as famous as Qinghai Lake and Dianchi Lake, and is a national nature reserve. The altitude is 2 17 1.7 meters, and the coverage area remains above 30 square kilometers, so it is named after the lush water plants.

According to local records, the original thing, north and south, four seas, and then land. During the spring and summer of the seventh year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1857), heavy rains caused disasters, flash floods broke out, and the undercurrent channel was blocked, so that the water in the western suburb plain could not be discharged, which made this basin with an altitude of 2000 meters form a plateau Haizi. Later, there were many aquatic plants such as reeds and cattails in the lake, so it was named Caohai. The Weining fine fish 1-2 cm long, tender and delicious, enjoys a good reputation throughout the country. It also produces dozens of wading birds such as long-tailed pheasants, golden pheasants, cranes, geese and wild ducks. It is also home to red-crowned cranes, black-necked cranes and storks. Artificial breeding of nutria, lynx, mink, silver fox and other genera has a high reproductive rate. The lake is rich in aquatic animals and plants such as fish, shrimp and cattail, and is home to more than 100 exotic waterfowl. The only highland crane in the world, the black-necked crane, overwinters here every year.

Caohai is warm in winter and has a pleasant climate. In late spring, colorful and moving azaleas bloom in a large area around Caohai. Caohai is the most beautiful in autumn. The aquatic plants in the lake are competing to open, and strings of yellow flowers, red flowers and white flowers bloom in the clear water, and the flowers float with the water waves, such as entering a fairyland. Winter in Caohai is the best season to watch black-necked cranes. Whenever the weather is fine, standing on the shore and looking out, the water and sky are one color, the smoke is vast, the flowers are in full bloom, kites are flying, fish are jumping, and geese are flying over the autumn, which makes people feel relaxed and happy.

Caohai is not only rich in resources, but also beautiful all year round, suitable for rain or shine. Boarding the seascape building in the suburbs, the surrounding mountains are overlapping and criss-crossing, and the mountain villages are blurred. The lake is blue, the water and the sky are the same, and there are a little fishing boats. There is a Penglai Island, isolated in the middle of the lake, with shady trees, exquisite pavilions and butterflies, which is called "water park".

There are Han, Yi, Hui and Miao nationalities living around Caohai. During festivals, people of all ethnic groups race horses, play lusheng, sing and dance here, which is very lively.

Caohai is not only a good place to carry out tourism activities, but also an ideal place for scientific investigation. Experts at home and abroad have investigated the topography, landform, soil, hydrology, climate, water quality, terrestrial vegetation, aquatic vegetation, zooplankton, phytoplankton, amphibians, fish, birds, amphibians and reptiles in Caohai area, and Caohai has become the focus of World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and International Crane Foundation (ICF).

2. Who knows the origin and history of Caohai in Weining, Guizhou? Caohai, a national nature reserve located in the western suburbs of the county, is also called the three plateau lakes in China with Qinghai Lake and Dianchi Lake. Known as "species gene bank", "natural museum" and "bird kingdom", it has the reputation of "the pearl of the plateau".

1992 10, the State Council declared Caohai a national nature reserve with an area of 120 square kilometers. Caohai has gradually attracted the attention of the world, becoming one of the top ten best bird watching areas in the world and an important base for bird research. In the latest edition of the national primary school moral education textbook, the article "Hometown of Black-necked Crane-Weining Caohai" was included in the textbook. Caohai, belonging to the Yangtze River system, is the upstream source lake of Hengjiang, a tributary of Jinsha River, and the largest natural freshwater lake in Guizhou Plateau, with an altitude of 2 170 meters, 600 meters higher than the main peak of Mount Tai.

Wetlands are adjacent to farmland, and the recharge sources of lake water are mainly atmospheric precipitation and groundwater, with an annual recharge of 8 million to 9 million cubic meters. The average water depth of the lake area is 2 meters, and the deepest point is 5 meters. The lake is full of aquatic plants, including more than 40 kinds of aquatic plants such as cauliflower, reed, cattail, onion, purple algae and Ceratophyllum, hence the name "Caohai". The beauty of Caohai is unique, with vast water surface, winding peaks around the sea, high and low, and overlapping layers.

In the southeast sea, the long dike of Liu Dong Bridge lies in waves, and the waters in the West Sea are abrupt with Yangguan Mountain. Surrounded by mountains and waters, the show is euphemistic

You can see the sea as far as you can climb, and you can also see the mountains when you swim in the sea. Mountains and rivers are interdependent and natural. Caohai is a paradise for birds. There are 208 species of 65438+ ten thousand birds in the lake.

There are 1 186 species of birds in China and 4 17 species in Guizhou. The birds inhabiting Caohai account for more than one-sixth of the country and nearly half of Guizhou, so Caohai has become the second largest paradise for migratory birds in China. There are 7 species of national first-class protected birds, such as black-necked crane, golden eagle, Hei He and white-tailed sea eagle, more than 20 species of second-class protected birds, 56 species of birds protected by Sino-Japanese migratory bird agreement, and 27 species of national rare and endangered key protected animals.

Among all kinds of rare birds, the black-necked crane, known as the "giant panda among birds", is the most precious. It is the only crane that lives on the plateau among the 15 crane species found so far in the world, and it is also the latest crane recorded in science, with only more than 7,000 cranes left in the world. According to the latest observation data, since the spring of 2008, 1 194 black-necked cranes, 774 gray cranes and 3820 spotted geese have wintered in Caohai.

Water is another scene of Caohai, especially clear and blue, like transparent glass, you can see swimming fish and aquatic plants at a glance.

3. Who knows the history of Weining Caohai? Caohai, also known as Nanhaizi and Baxianhai, is a limestone karst lake located in Weining County, western Guizhou Province, China, and has the reputation of "Pearl of the Plateau".

According to the Records of Weining County, in the tenth year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1860), the local rain continued and flash floods broke out, and the original scattered water cave was blocked by sand and stones, forming Zeguo, named after the South China Sea and the West Sea. Because there are many herbs in Caohai water, especially cattail, it is named Caohai. Its drainage area is about 380 square kilometers, the lake area is 45 square kilometers, the general water depth is 2 meters, and the water storage capacity is1.400 million cubic meters.

There are 43 species of aquatic plants in Caohai, belonging to 142 genera. Among the fish resources, Weining fine fish is a rare specialty, which is 1~2 cm long, fresh and delicious.

Winter is also a cold shelter for black-necked cranes, storks, geese, wild ducks and other migratory birds. Caohai is shallow in water, good in water quality, high in transparency, rich in biological resources, and the bottom of the lake is mostly muddy, so there are many kinds of aquatic higher plants, almost all of which are covered by aquatic higher plants, including 37 species of green grass belonging to 26 genera and 20 families, which is bottomless. Because of its unique natural conditions, Caohai has become the habitat of hundreds of birds and waterfowl.

Among them, the rare birds under national first-class protection include black-necked crane, white-headed crane, black stork, white stork and white-tailed sea eagle. There are more than ten species under secondary protection, such as white spoonbill, kite, white-tailed wren, peregrine falcon, kestrel, grey crane and short-eared number. Caohai Lake is the largest freshwater natural lake in Guizhou and a typical plateau wetland ecosystem. On the south bank of the lake, there is a peninsula of about 0.33 square kilometers, and the narrowest part is only 200 meters wide, which is connected with the land. Caohai Lake covers an area of 45 km2, with an elevation of 2 170m and an average water depth of 2 m. Caohai Lake in Weining, Bijie, Guizhou (1 1 Zhang).

1992 the State Council was approved as a national nature reserve. Caohai is located in Weining County, western Guizhou.

It is the largest natural freshwater lake in Guizhou, with an altitude of 2 1, 7 1.7 meters and an area of more than 30 square kilometers, so it is named for its lush aquatic plants. Caohai is surrounded by green hills and dense forests.

The lake is rich in aquatic animals and plants such as fish, shrimp and cattail. There are more than 100 species of exotic waterfowl living here, and the black-necked crane, a unique plateau migratory bird in China, overwinters here every year. It mainly protects wetland birds mainly with black-necked cranes.

Caohai is called "the kingdom of birds". * * There are more than 0/00 species of birds/kloc, and more than 70 species of rare birds. Particularly rare birds are black-necked cranes, gray cranes, red-crowned cranes, yellow-flowered chickens, black-winged long-legged snipes and herons, as well as a large number of geese and wild ducks, which were born in the world. Caohai is warm in winter and has a pleasant climate.

In late spring, colorful and moving azaleas bloom in a large area around Caohai. Caohai is the most beautiful in autumn. The aquatic plants in the lake are competing to open, and strings of yellow flowers, red flowers and white flowers bloom in the clear water, and the flowers float with the water waves, such as entering a fairyland.

Winter in Caohai is the best season to watch more than 300 kinds of birds such as black-necked cranes. Caohai is surrounded by green hills, with dense forests, water and sky, and towering peaks. There is an isolated island in the west of Caohai, named "Yangguan Mountain", which is heard by chickens and dogs. The lake is white and sparkling, which is a quiet and indifferent Xanadu scene.

In the southeast of Caohai, there are six-hole bridges and Wanghai Tower. There is a long embankment along the bridge, on which willows hang, and there is a temple at the eastern end of the embankment. It is said that Lv Dongbin once visited this place. Caohai is rich in aquatic animals and plants such as fish, shrimp, waterfowl and cattail, and is the home of rare waterfowl.

The most famous of them are black-necked cranes and wild ducks. The climate here is humid and mild, so in late spring, the grass sea is full of all kinds of azaleas.

How much vitality and vigor have been added to the silent grassland. The scenery of the Yi people near Caohai is charming. Every year on Duanyang Festival, Yi people hold horse races here, and young men and women dance in Lusheng folk songs and express their feelings to each other.

4. Weining Caohai Complete History Weining Caohai Nature Reserve is located in Weining Yi and Miao Autonomous County in western Guizhou.

Caohai, known as the "Pearl of the Plateau", is the largest natural freshwater lake in Guizhou, which is as famous as Qinghai Lake and Dianchi Lake, and is a national nature reserve. The altitude is 2 17 1.7 meters, and the coverage area remains above 30 square kilometers, so it is named after the lush water plants.

According to local records, the original thing, north and south, four seas, and then land. During the spring and summer of the seventh year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1857), heavy rains caused disasters, flash floods broke out, and the undercurrent channel was blocked, so that the water in the western suburb plain could not be discharged, which made this basin with an altitude of 2000 meters form a plateau Haizi.

Later, there were many aquatic plants such as reeds and cattails in the lake, so it was named Caohai. The Weining fine fish 1-2 cm long, tender and delicious, enjoys a good reputation throughout the country.

It also produces dozens of wading birds such as long-tailed pheasants, golden pheasants, cranes, geese and wild ducks. It is also home to red-crowned cranes, black-necked cranes and storks.

Artificial breeding of nutria, lynx, mink, silver fox and other genera has a high reproductive rate. The lake is rich in aquatic animals and plants such as fish, shrimp and cattail, and is home to more than 100 exotic waterfowl. The only highland crane in the world, the black-necked crane, overwinters here every year.

Caohai is warm in winter and has a pleasant climate. In late spring, colorful and moving azaleas bloom in a large area around Caohai.

Caohai is the most beautiful in autumn. The aquatic plants in the lake are competing to open, and strings of yellow flowers, red flowers and white flowers bloom in the clear water, and the flowers float with the water waves, such as entering a fairyland. Winter in Caohai is the best season to watch black-necked cranes.

Whenever the weather is fine, standing on the shore and looking out, the water and sky are one color, the smoke is vast, flowers are in full bloom, kites are flying, fish are jumping, and geese fly over autumn, which makes people feel relaxed and happy. Caohai is not only rich in resources, but also beautiful all year round, suitable for rain or shine.

Boarding the seascape building in the suburbs, the surrounding mountains are overlapping and criss-crossing, and the mountain villages are blurred. The lake is blue, the water and the sky are the same, and there are a little fishing boats.

There is a Penglai Island, isolated in the middle of the lake, with shady trees, exquisite pavilions and butterflies, which is called "water park". There are Han, Yi, Hui and Miao nationalities living around Caohai. During festivals, people of all ethnic groups race horses, play lusheng, sing and dance here, which is very lively.

Caohai is not only a good place to carry out tourism activities, but also an ideal place for scientific investigation. Experts at home and abroad have investigated the topography, landform, soil, hydrology, climate, water quality, terrestrial vegetation, aquatic vegetation, zooplankton, phytoplankton, amphibians, fish, birds, amphibians and reptiles in Caohai area, and Caohai has become the focus of World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and International Crane Foundation (ICF).

5. What are the tourism resources of Weining? Caohai Lake is the largest natural freshwater lake in Guizhou, with an altitude of 2 1, 7 1.7 meters and an area of more than 30 square kilometers. It is named for its lush aquatic plants. There are 37 species of higher aquatic plants in the region, among which cauliflower is a national key protected plant, with more than 0/0 species of fish and 0/78 species or subspecies of birds, including 27 species of national key protected animals and 48 species of birds protected by the Sino-Japanese migratory bird agreement, which is one of the main wintering places for black-necked cranes, the first-class protected animals.

Caohai is surrounded by green hills and dense forests. The lake is rich in aquatic animals and plants such as fish, shrimp and cattail. There are more than 100 species of exotic waterfowl living here, and the black-necked crane, a unique plateau migratory bird in China, overwinters here every year. It mainly protects wetland birds mainly with black-necked cranes. Caohai is called "the kingdom of birds". * * There are more than 0/00 species of birds/kloc, and more than 70 species of rare birds. Particularly rare birds are black-necked cranes, gray cranes, red-crowned cranes, yellow-flowered chickens, black-winged long-legged snipes and herons, as well as a large number of geese and wild ducks, which were born in the world.

Caohai is warm in winter and has a pleasant climate. In late spring, colorful and moving azaleas bloom in a large area around Caohai. Caohai is the most beautiful in autumn. The aquatic plants in the lake are competing to open, and strings of yellow flowers, red flowers and white flowers bloom in the clear water, and the flowers float with the water waves, such as entering a fairyland. Winter in Caohai is the best season to watch more than 300 kinds of birds such as black-necked cranes.

Caohai is surrounded by green hills, with dense forests, water and sky, and towering peaks. On the west side of Caohai, there is an isolated island called "Yangguan Mountain", which is heard by chickens and dogs. The lake is white and sparkling, and it is a quiet and indifferent paradise. In the southeast of Caohai, there are six-hole bridges and Wanghai Tower. There is a long embankment along the bridge, on which willows hang, and there is a temple at the eastern end of the embankment. It is said that Lv Dongbin once visited this place.

Caohai is rich in aquatic animals and plants such as fish, shrimp, waterfowl and cattail, and is the home of rare waterfowl. The most famous of them are black-necked cranes and wild ducks.

6. The historical evolution of Weining Weining Yi * * * Miao Autonomous County Weining is the largest ethnic autonomous county in Guizhou Province, and it is a pilot project in Guizhou Province. Located in the northwest of the province, it borders Yunnan Province on the north, west and south. It covers an area of 6,295 square kilometers and has a population of about 1 402,000. Among them, Yi, Hui and Miao ethnic minorities account for 23. 1% of the total population. The county government is located in Caohai Town. [ 1]

Weining took the meaning of Wei Zhen's calming.

Weining Yi and Miao Autonomous County, located in the southwest of Liangzhou in summer, belonged to the northwest corner of Ghost House in Yin and Zhou Dynasties, lived in Nanbi and Shudi in Spring and Autumn, and was the territory of Moguo in Yelang West in Warring States Period.

Qin belongs to Xiang County, bounded by Liuchong River and connected with the southern soil of Shu County.

The Han Dynasty belonged to Qianwei County; Shu Han belongs to Zhu Di County.

Jin, Song and Southern Qi were called Southern Judy County; Liang and Chen are led by Nanning people, but they are actually owned by local tycoons.

The Sui Dynasty belonged to Lu Lu. The Tang Dynasty was a small country under the millet, called Baozhou. Deshengpo in the territory is the location of Baozhou. In the Five Dynasties, she was a nun of Ba. The Northern Song Dynasty was the Wusha Department of Jimi Prefecture under the leadership of Shao Qing government. It was controlled by Dali in the Southern Song Dynasty.

In the 13th year of Yuan Shizu Yuan (1276), Wusa Road was established; Fifteen years (1278), renamed the General Administration of Military Affairs; In twenty-one years (1284), it was changed to Wusha Military and Civilian Propaganda Department, and in twenty-four years (1287), it was promoted to Wusha Wumeng Propaganda Department, belonging to Yunnan Province. Administer Wusha, the present Weining, Hezhang and so on. Yuan Shundi was transferred to Sichuan in the first year (1335).

In the 14th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (138 1), Wusha surrendered, was granted the magistrate of Wusha, and was transferred to Yunnan. Fifteen years (1382), he was placed in the command post of Uzawei and transferred to the capital of Yunnan; In the sixteenth year (1383), Uzza was transferred to the post of Chief Secretary of Sichuan; Seventeen years (1384), he was promoted to military and political affairs. In the 12th year of Yongle (14 14), Wushaweili was transferred to the capital of Guizhou.

In the fourth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1665), xi Ankun and Wusa Anchongsheng were pacified. In five years (1666), Wushatu Prefecture in Sichuan was changed to Weining Prefecture, and Weizhen was transferred to Guizhou for peace. In twenty-six years (1687), Dading, Qianxi and Pingyuan belonged to Weining Prefecture. In the seventh year of Yongzheng, Weining Prefecture was reduced to a state, belonging to Dading Prefecture.

In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), the abandoned Weining House was located in Weining County, and Deshengpo County was established, which was under the fourth administrative office of Guizhou Province. In five years (19 16), he moved to deshengpo county, Hezhang.

1949, the people's alliance of all ethnic groups and all walks of life in Weining was established. 1954165438+1October1With the approval of the State Council, Weining County was abolished and Weining Yi * * * Miao Autonomous Region was established. 1955 was renamed Weining Yi * * Miao.

From July 20 13 1 day, Weining Yi * * * Miao Autonomous County became a pilot county directly under the jurisdiction of Guizhou Province. [2]

7. What are the development status and existing problems of Weining Caohai? 1. The development of the famous tourist destination of Caohai in Weining needs not only economic support, but also good reputation, because the popularity seriously affects the number of tourists and the investment of funds.

However, in the process of data collection and interviews, the author found that 70% of Guizhou people know Caohai, but only 40% of them have a comprehensive understanding of Weining Caohai. 16% of the respondents have been to Weining Caohai. Only 10% of the respondents in Guizhou province know about Weining Caohai, and 1% of them have been to Weining Caohai.

According to the data, foreign tourists in Weining Caohai only account for about 20% of the total tourists. Look at the relevant web pages of Weining Caohai. There are only a few pictures of Caohai and a brief introduction.

So today, the tourism reputation of Weining Caohai is still not optimistic, and such problems need to be publicized and spread in the future development and development. 2. Weining people's understanding of Caohai tourism development and protection. The most important thing for Caohai's tourism development is to get the support of * * * and Weining people, but now * * * only pays attention to Caohai's ecological protection, and tourism is still a relatively primitive way of tourism.

The understanding of the public is still against it. They think that the development of Caohai in Weining will seize their land, so since the establishment of Caohai Reserve, * * * has not only moved farmers in Caohai Reserve again and again, but also stopped again and again because of financial subsidies and land problems.

3. As far as human resource management is concerned, human resource management is an important part of ecotourism. Tourism human resources are an important guarantee to enhance the sustainable development ability of ecotourism, an organizer, builder and maintainer of ecotourism, and an effective disseminator of ecotourism. Management and managers play a leading role in the prosperity of tourism.

They guide tourists' travel behavior and their consumption direction; Provide tourists with information about ecological products and services and enterprise ecological management, publicize, inculcate and infiltrate ecological products and services and ecological concepts to tourists, and create consumers' demand for eco-tourism; According to ecological concepts and principles, the ecological prices of products and services are formulated to guide customers' ecological consumption. At present, there are still some problems in human resource management of Caohai ecotourism in Weining.

The staff of Weining Caohai Protection Station, which is responsible for the protection of Caohai, should be 60, but actually there are only 38. The current staff of 1/3 were recruited in August this year. Among its staff, there are only a few undergraduates, and their majors are scattered, including English, human resources, Chinese language and literature, etc. The staff of the protection station not only protects Caohai at ordinary times, but also helps to manage Caohai tourism.

They don't have weekends. Their daily job is to get off work together. Usually, in addition to assisting more than 100 boatmen, we have to dispatch manpower back to the station to finish the day's work. In this way, there is no reasonable work arrangement method, which greatly reduces the work efficiency.

4. Tourism economic income At present, there are few sources of economic income settlement projects in Weining Caohai, mainly fishery, seaweed salvage and tourists' consumption in Weining. In 20 10, the income from tourism production in Weining Caohai was only 120 1 10,000 yuan; 20 1 1, average monthly income 1.5 million yuan; National Day holiday, income 1.6 million yuan.

5. In terms of capital investment, Caohai's current capital investment is mainly in infrastructure construction. The total investment is 65.438+0.38 billion yuan, 50 million yuan to build a 28-kilometer highway around the sea, 870,000 yuan to build domestic sewage, 200 million yuan to build and maintain four existing docks and corresponding police systems, and other projects: Caohai wetland ecological maintenance system and the construction of 3A-level scenic spots.

6. Infrastructure construction is the difficulty of Caohai development. At present, there are only two wharves with more than 65,438 ships. In June 2065, bird-watching platforms 1 each, flower and bird markets 1 each and 438+0 1 each were built, and other infrastructure construction is under planning and approval.