Requesting maps of the Northern Song Dynasty and Southern Song Dynasty (high resolution)

Map of the Northern Song Dynasty: The Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127) was the dynasty in Chinese history that followed the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. It had nine emperors and lived for 167 years.

Together with the Southern Song Dynasty, it is called the Song Dynasty, also known as the Two Song Dynasties. Because the royal family's surname is Zhao, it is also called the Zhao Song Dynasty.

Map of the Southern Song Dynasty: The Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279), a dynasty in Chinese history. After the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhao Gou made his capital Nanjing Yingtianfu (now Shangqiu, Henan) and proclaimed himself emperor,?[1-3]? Together with the Northern Song Dynasty, they are collectively called the Song Dynasty. There were five generations and nine emperors in the country, which lasted for 152 years.

Extended information:

The territory of the Northern Song Dynasty was bounded in the northeast by present-day Haihe River, Bazhou in Hebei Province, and Yanmen Pass in Shanxi; in the northwest by Hengshan in Shaanxi, eastern Gansu, and Huangshui in Qinghai; in the southwest by Min It is bounded by mountains and Dadu River.

During the reign of Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty, Hehuang was recovered through the opening of the Xihe River. During the period of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty, the Longyou Protectorate was established in the north of Qinghai, and a large sum of money was spent to redeem the seven states of Youyun.

The political system of the Song Dynasty generally followed that of the Tang Dynasty, adopting the method of decentralizing power. The position of prime minister was held by multiple people. It also implemented an official appointment system in which official titles were separated from actual duties. These played an important role in maintaining national unity. , also created a situation of "poverty and weakness".

Some people believe that the Northern Song Dynasty was the most prosperous era of economic and cultural prosperity in ancient Chinese history. Confucianism was revived, science and technology developed rapidly, politics was more enlightened, and the economy and culture were prosperous.

In the third year of Xianping (1000), GDP was US$26.55 billion, accounting for 22.7% of the world's total. GDP per capita was US$450, exceeding US$400 in Western Europe at that time.

During the Northern Song Dynasty, due to the promotion of Champa rice, the population rapidly increased from 37.1 million in the fifth year of Taiping and Xingguo (980) to 126 million in the sixth year of Xuanhe (1124).

During the Northern Song Dynasty, foreign relations further developed on the basis of the Tang Dynasty. In East Asia, there were close exchanges with North Korea and Japan, and in Southeast Asia, ties were strengthened with Vietnam and Indonesia. It also affected West Asia and Africa.

In 1141 AD, the Song and Jin Dynasties reached the Shaoxing Peace Agreement. The Southern Song Dynasty abandoned the area north of the Huaihe River, and the two sides were bounded by the Huaihe River-Dasanguan Pass.

In the middle and late Southern Song Dynasty, the government became corrupt and traitors emerged in large numbers. The Mongols in the Mobei Grassland began to rise.

In 1206, Genghis Khan unified the Mobei grassland and established the Great Mongolia. In 1211, he began a large-scale southward invasion to attack the Jin Dynasty.

Western Liao was destroyed in 1218, Xixia was destroyed in 1227, and Jin was destroyed in 1234.

In 1235, Mongolia invaded the Southern Song Dynasty. The soldiers and civilians of the Southern Song Dynasty resisted desperately until Lin'an Prefecture was captured in 1276 AD. In 1279 AD, the Song army was defeated in the Battle of Yashan Sea. Lu Xiufu jumped into the sea and died carrying Zhao Bing, the last emperor of the Song Dynasty. The Southern Song Dynasty collapsed.

The Southern Song Dynasty followed the Northern Song Dynasty in many fields such as politics and military affairs.

A series of measures to strengthen centralization of power in central and local power, bureaucracy, judiciary, military power, etc. In terms of military, on the basis of recruiting defeated troops and the army of diligent kings, the road to military reconstruction began, and finally formed Several relatively powerful military forces emerged, such as the Yue Family Army and the Han Family Army.

Although the Southern Song Dynasty was located south of the Huaihe River in the Qinling Mountains, it was a dynasty with prosperous economy and culture in Chinese history and a high degree of openness to the outside world.

The direct cause of the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty was the devastating blow to the advanced production relations of the Song Dynasty by the Mobei nomads, which caused the Chinese feudal civilization, which had been on the rise, to decline.

Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Northern Song Dynasty