Qilu · Shen Yuan Nostalgia (Poetry Rhyme)

Note:

Shen Garden is located in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. The Song Dynasty poet Lu You (ziwuguan, also known as Fangweng) once met his ex-wife Tang Wan (also known as Wan, also known as Hui) in this garden. Immortal), inscribed the famous poem "The Hairpin-headed Phoenix" on the wall, and later wrote poems in memory of it many times. Among them was the poem "Spring waves are green under the sad bridge, and it was once the shadow of a frightened grand." Yu Huixian. Plum sill, stone bridge, Qintai and Songjing are the scenic spots in the park.

Attachment: Introduction to Shen Garden

Shen Garden, also known as Shen's Garden, is located between Yan'an Road and Lu Xun Road in Shaoxing City. It was originally the Shen's private garden, hence the name. Qianlong's "Shaoxing Prefecture Chronicles" of the Qing Dynasty quoted old records: "In the Kuaiji area south of Yuji Temple in Fucheng, the pool platform was very prosperous in the Song Dynasty." This "pool platform" refers to Shen Garden. At that time, Shen Garden covered an area of ??more than 70 acres, with pavilions, bridges, flowing water, and rockery green shade. It had Jiangnan characteristics and was known as the "Famous Garden in Yuezhong". Shen Garden now covers an area of ??57 acres. It is the only Song-style garden among the many classical gardens in Shaoxing's history that has been preserved to this day. The buildings are well-densified, the heights are scattered in an orderly manner, and the trees are sparsely planted. There are landscapes such as Guhe Pavilion, Banbi Pavilion, Shuanggui Hall, Bayong Tower, Songjing, Shepu, Wenmeijian, Qintai and Guangsuzhai. "Elegy of Broken Clouds", "Poetry of Love", "Shocking Waves of Spring", "Remnant of the Broken Wall", "Lonely Crane Wailing", "Green Lotus Reflecting the Sun", "Resent Willows on the Palace Wall", "Treading on the Snow" Ten scenes include "Asking about Plum Blossoms", "Fragrance of Poems and Books" and "Telling Love on the Magpie Bridge".

According to legend, the patriotic poet Lu You of the Southern Song Dynasty first married Tang Wan, and the couple got along well with each other, but they were later forced to divorce. In 1151 AD (the 21st year of Shaoxing in the Song Dynasty), the two met in Shenyuan. Lu You felt sad and wrote the poem "The Hairpin Head Phoenix" on the wall, expressing the pain of "leaving the rope". Tang Wan saw and made peace with him, his love was extremely sad, and he soon passed away in depression. In his later years, he traveled to Lu and visited Shen Garden several times, writing poems about his feelings. In 1192 AD, when he was 68 years old, he revisited Shen Garden and wrote another poem. In the title of the poem, he wrote: "There is the Shen family's small garden in the south of Yuji Temple. Forty years ago, I tried to inscribe a small garden on the stone, which made me feel sad when I read it. ". Lu You was deeply saddened by this, and later wrote poems many times to recall Shen Yuan, including the sentence "Spring waves are green under the sad bridge, and the shadow of a startled dragon once came". Shen Garden has also become famous for a long time. Shen Yuan was recorded in the classics.

A private garden, after so many vicissitudes of time, is still famous today, all because of a thousand-year-old story and two tear-jerking "Hairheaded Phoenix".

The life of Lu You, a famous patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, was full of twists and turns. Not only did he have a bumpy career, but he was also unfortunate in love. In the 14th year of Shaoxing, Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, 20-year-old Lu You married his cousin Tang Wan. The two were childhood sweethearts, and after marriage they fell in love with each other, respected each other as guests, and had a deep love for each other. But this aroused dissatisfaction from Lu's mother. She believed that Lu You was indulging in a gentle country, not wanting to make progress, and missed his future. Moreover, the two had not been able to have children for three years after their marriage. So Lu's mother forced her filial son to divorce her on the grounds that "Lu You was deeply in love and tired of studying after marriage, and missed his official career; Tang Wan was unable to have children after marriage, and missed the incense of the clan." She forced her filial son to divorce her wife. Although the two had a deep relationship and couldn't bear to be separated, under the suppression of feudal ethics, despite all kinds of begging, they finally reached the point of "holding hands and looking into each other's eyes with tears".

Despite all the helplessness, Lu You finally complied with his mother's wishes and married another Wang family, while Tang Wan was also forced to marry Zhao Shicheng, a famous scholar in Yuezhong.

In the blink of an eye, ten years later, in the spring of 1151 AD (the 21st year of Shaoxing in the Song Dynasty), Shen's Garden was opened to the public. Lu You went there alone with a melancholy mood, but unexpectedly met Tang Wan and his remarried daughter. Husband Zhao Shicheng. Although there were ten long years between the two, the unforgettable love always remained in the deepest part of their emotional world. Just when Lu You was about to leave sadly, Tang Wan obtained Zhao Shicheng's consent and sent someone to send it to him. Food and drinks. Lu You was touched by the scene and sadly wrote on the wall "The Hairpin-Headed Phoenix·Red Hands", an eternal masterpiece: ?

Red hands, yellow wine, spring willows on the palace wall all over the city . The east wind is bad, happiness is thin, and I am full of melancholy. I have been away for a few years. Wrong, wrong, wrong! Spring is as old as ever, people are thin and empty, and the tears are red and raw. The peach blossoms have fallen, and the pavilion is idle. Although the mountain alliance is there, it is difficult to hold the brocade book. Mo, mo, mo!

Tang Wan was filled with emotion when he saw it, and wrote a line of poems for "The Hairpin-headed Phoenix·The World's Love is Poor":

The world's love is poor, human nature is evil, and flowers tend to fall at dusk when it rains. . At dawn, the wind has dried, and the traces of tears remain. I want to write down my thoughts, and I talk alone across the fence. Difficult, difficult, difficult! People are different, today is not yesterday, and the sick soul is always like a rope on a swing. The sound of the horn is cold, the night is dark, I am afraid of being asked, so I swallow my tears and pretend to be happy. Hide it, hide it, hide it!

Before the ink is dry, the spirit of illness comes again, and finally ends up depressed because of incomprehensible sorrow and resentment!

Since then, the poet's decades of ups and downs career has never been able to relieve the nostalgia in his heart.

Lu You lived in seclusion in his hometown after the age of 66, and revisited Shen Garden at the age of 67. He saw half of the broken wall where he had inscribed "The Hairpin-headed Phoenix". He was moved by the scene, filled with emotion, and wrote poems to express his feelings:

To the south of Yuji Temple, there is the Shen Family Garden. 40 years ago, there was a small building in the wall. When I arrived again, I found that the garden had changed owners three times, which made me feel sad when I read it.

The maple leaves are yellow at first, and the river sun is worried about the new frost on the temples. Lin Ting looked back with a sense of emptiness, who could say that the spring road was heartbreaking? The old inscriptions on the broken wall are dusty, the clouds are broken and the dreams are blurry. Over the years, all my delusions have been eliminated, and I return to the pouch niche to burn a stick of incense.

At the age of 75, 40 years after Tang Wan’s death, Lu You revisited his old place. “Every time he entered the city, he would go to the temple and look at it. I couldn’t be overcome with emotion.” He wrote two quatrains of the extremely famous "Shenyuan":

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Forty years after the dream died, the old willow tree in the garden has stopped flying. This body is walking in the soil of Jishan, and there is still a trace of it.

The setting sun on the city depicts the corners of mourning, and the sinking garden is no longer a restored pool. The spring waves under the sad bridge are green, and it was once the shadow of a startled bird came.

In his later years, Lu You would go to Shen Garden every spring to pay homage to Tang Wan. Every time he went there, he would express his feelings in poems or lyrics. Since then, he has been living near Shen Garden.

At the age of 81, Lu You dreamed of sleepwalking in Shen Garden. When he woke up, he lamented in "Sleepwalking in Shen Garden":

The road near the south of the city is already scary, and Shen's home is even more sad. . The fragrance wears plum blossoms on guest's sleeves, and the spring water on ponds and bridges is green.

Spring is coming again on the small street in the south of the city, with only plum blossoms but no people. The jade bones have long become soil under the spring, and the ink marks are still like dust on the wall.

At the age of 82, Lu You still had an unforgettable memory of Tang Wan, and wrote:

The pavilions in the south of the city are locked in the leisure square, and the lonely crane only hurts itself when it returns, and the dust and moss invade it. When you are writing ink, who will brush the decaying wall?

At the age of 84, one year before his death, Lu You visited Shen Garden again despite his old age and frailty. The poem "Spring Outing" reads:

The flowers in Shen's home are like brocades, half of which were those who knew Fang Weng back then. It’s also true that beauty will eventually become ashes, and you can’t bear to have a dream that’s too hasty!

The passage of half a century can make everything in the world disappear, but the longing will last forever. It is a pity that some people and some things are missed for a lifetime! When you can no longer have it, the only thing you can do is to make yourself not forget it.

The poet left more than ten poems in memory of Tang Wan and his encounter with Shen Yuan. Because of these tear-jerking stories and touching poems, people not only regard Shen Yuan as a place to commemorate the poet. Memorial place, and Shen Garden as the sustenance of persistent love. ?

——November 20, 2011. Transcribed from my blog, backed up and updated.