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The Eiffel Tower (French: La Tour Eiffel) is a hollow structural tower built in Paris 1889, France, with a height of 300 meters, an antenna height of 24 meters and a total height of 324 meters. The Eiffel Tower is named after the bridge engineer gustave eiffel who designed it. The design of the iron tower is novel and unique, and it is a technical masterpiece in the history of world architecture, so it has become an important attraction and prominent symbol in France and Paris.

English name: Eiffel Tower

French name: Eiffel Tower

Nickname: Paris Tower

Designer: Alexander gustave eiffel

Architectural uses: dining room, sightseeing.

Construction site: Ares Square, Paris, France

Start time:1887 65438+1October 27th.

Completion time:1889 March 3 1.

Covering area: 6,543,800 square meters.

Building height: 324.93m.

Total building quality: about 1 1500 tons.

Building floors: 3 floors

Number of light bulbs: 20,000

Structural form: steel frame hollow structure

Investor: French government.

Construction cost: 7.457 million francs

The Eiffel Tower lights up on120th birthday.

The Eiffel Tower was built from 1887. It is divided into three floors, which are 57.6m,115.7m and 276. 1 m above the ground respectively. There are restaurants on the first and second floors, and observation deck on the third floor. From the tower foundation to the top of the tower, there is 1768. 1889 Scenery of the Eiffel Tower (20 photos) On May 5, 2006, in order to cut the ribbon for the opening ceremony of the World Expo, gustave eiffel, the designer of the tower, personally raised the French flag 300 meters above the tower. Therefore, in order to commemorate his contribution to France and Paris, a bronze bust was specially built for him under the tower. Until June 65438+10/October 65438+June 2004, in order to bid for the 20 12 Summer Olympic Games, the Paris Municipal Government of France specially introduced its preparations for the Olympic bid on the Eiffel Tower, which became a "natural advertisement" for the country's Olympic bid. This metal building, which was completed for the World Expo, remained the tallest building in the world for 45 years until the emergence of Chrysler Building. It is connected and fixed by 2.5 million rivets. It is said that its pressure on the ground is only as great as that of a normal adult sitting in a chair. The four sides of the tower are engraved with the names of 72 scientists, all of whom are engaged in research to protect the tower from being destroyed.

The Eiffel Tower is one of the symbols of Paris and is loved by the French as the "Iron Lady". Together with the Empire State Building in new york and the TV Tower in Tokyo, it is called the three famous buildings in the world. 1889, the anniversary of the French Revolution 100, was celebrated by a large-scale international exposition in Paris. The most attractive Eiffel Tower in the World Expo.

The striking exhibit is the Eiffel Tower. It became a symbol of the industrial revolution that swept the world at that time. The designer of the Eiffel Tower is French architect gustave eiffel. In his early years, he was a famous dry bridge expert. There are countless masterpieces in his life, all over the world, but it is this tower named after him that makes him famous all over the world. In his own words, the Eiffel Tower "drowned me, as if I had been building her all my life". At the beginning, although the French government decided to build the world's tallest tower in Paris, the funds provided were only 1/5 of the required cost. In order to realize his own design, Eiffel once mortgaged his construction engineering company and all his property to the bank as an engineering investment. 1887 65438+1On October 28th, the Eiffel Tower was officially started. 250 workers work 8 hours a day in winter and 0/3 hours a day in summer. Finally, the steel tower (block 10) was completed on March 3, 1889. The Eiffel Tower is made up of many scattered pieces-it looks like a pile of model components. However, these fragments are not plastic, but metal, and there are 18038 pieces, weighing 10000 tons. During the construction, 7 million holes were drilled and 2.5 million rivets were used. Because every part of the tower is strictly numbered in advance, there will be no mistakes in assembly. The construction was carried out completely according to the design, and there was no change in the middle, which showed that the design was reasonable and the calculation was accurate. According to statistics, there are more than 5,300 design sketches of the iron tower alone, including the full map 1700. The completed Eiffel Tower is 300 meters high, and it will be the tallest building in the world until 1930. Today, radio and television antennas are added to the tower, and its total height has reached 320 meters. Standing on the tower, the whole Paris is at your feet. Tourists from all over the world come to visit every day. By 1988, "Iron Lady" has welcomed 654.38+23 million tourists from five continents. 1989 March 3 1, Eiffel Tower 100 years old. To this end, the Paris Tower Management Company specially held a grand commemorative event, recreating the historical scene that Eiffel led everyone to the summit a hundred years ago: "Eiffel" wore a black dress, wore a wide-brimmed hat and held the national flag, and 30 "celebrities" and "construction workers" climbed the stairs with the grand drum music. When he put the tricolor flag on the top of the tower, the 2 1 salute rang, pigeons flew around the tower, and colorful balloons floated in the blue sky. On the fence of the platform on the second floor of the tower, a colorful banner of "Celebrating the Tower 100" written in words from all over the world is hung. Countless tourists eagerly witnessed this spectacular scene. The Eiffel Tower has experienced a hundred years of wind and rain. After the overhaul in the early 1980s, it still stands on the banks of the Seine. This is the pride of all French people. The Eiffel Tower covers an area of one hectare and stands in the Ares Square on the Seine River in the center of Paris. Except for four legs made of reinforced concrete, the whole tower body is made of steel, and the total weight of the tower is 7000 tons. The tower is divided into three floors, the first floor is 57 meters high, the second floor is 1 15 meters, and the third floor is 274 meters. Except for the third platform, there is no gap, and all other parts are empty. There are 17 1 1 steps from the tower foundation to the top of the tower. Now the elevator is installed, which is very convenient. There are bars and restaurants on each floor for tourists to rest and enjoy the unique panoramic view of Paris: whenever the sky is clear in Wan Li, you can see the scenery as far as 70 kilometers. Mr. Eiffel, the designer of the Eiffel Tower, once said when delivering the drawings: "Only suitable paint can guarantee the life of this metal building." This sentence is very suitable for the maintenance of the iron lady. Is it also more suitable for people's emotional maintenance today: meticulous care, good beginning and good end, this is the beauty of the world.

Eiffel Tower (also translated as "Eiffel Tower") is a famous tower in Paris, France, located in the Eiffel Tower in Mars Square on the south bank of the Seine River.

North end. 18871October 26th,1May 5th, 889, with a history of more than 100 years. Like Notre Dame, Louvre, Arc de Triomphe and Champs Elysé es, the Paris Tower is a landmark building in Paris. If Notre Dame de Paris is a symbol of ancient Paris, then the Eiffel Tower is a symbol of modern Paris. 1889 coincides with the 0/00th anniversary of the French Revolution. The French government decided to hold an unprecedented World Expo in Paris to show the achievements of industrial technology and culture, and to build a monument symbolizing the French Revolution and Paris. The Preparatory Committee originally hoped to build a classical memorial group with statues, monuments, gardens and temples, but in more than 700 applications, it chose the design of gustave eiffel, a bridge engineer: a giant tower symbolizing machine civilization, which can be seen in any corner of Paris. Romantic Parisians gave this tower a beautiful name-"Shepherd in the Cloud". Named after the designer and famous French architectural engineer Eiffel, a bust bronze statue of Eiffel was made under the tower.

The tower is a hollow steel frame structure, with a height of 324m and a weight of10000t. There are three-tier platforms at an altitude of 57 meters, 1 15 meters and 274 meters, which can bring people psychological shock.

Sightseeing, the platform on the fourth floor is 300 meters above sea level and there is a weather station. There is an antenna on it, which is the Paris TV Center. There are elevators and stairs from the ground to the top of the tower, 17 1 1 steps. The tower adopts staggered structure, supported by four thick iron columns on concrete and cement foundation, at an angle of 75 degrees with the ground, and there are four hydraulic elevators (now elevators) inside. It used more than 65,438+0,500 giant prefabricated beams, 654,38+0.5 million rivets and 654,38+0.2 million steel castings, weighing 7,000 tons. It took 250 workers 65,438+0.7 months to build, and the cost was 7.4 million gold francs. Every seven years, every time. This giant shows the great power of industrial production in the early stage of capitalism. It is not so much architecture as assembly. In the process of design, decomposition, parts production, assembly and arrangement, a set of scientific, economical and effective methods are summarized, and at the same time, the whimsical romantic interest, artistic taste, innovative courage and sense of humor of the French are also displayed. Just like the Statue of Liberty, which crossed the Atlantic and settled in new york after the victory of World War II, the Eiffel Tower seeks harmony in disharmony, and it is impossible to find possibility in it. Its significance to the Art Nouveau movement must not be far-fetched, but just a big curve from the spire to the bottom of the tower, or some cast iron patterns on the tower: the tower, just like Art Nouveau, represents that Europe is in a specific period of transition from classical tradition to modernism. In recent years, the Paris municipal government has overhauled the tower. From the Christmas of 1985, the tower was illuminated by iodine tungsten lamp, and the tower was golden yellow at night, which not only saved electricity, but also made it more beautiful.

1889 is the anniversary of the French Revolution 100. The French hope to impress the world by hosting the World Expo, especially after the unprecedented success of hosting the World Expo in 185 1 London, Paris is even more unwilling to lag behind. The French have always wanted to build an Expo building beyond the "Crystal Palace" in Britain. 1886, they began to hold a design competition to solicit proposals, with the aim of "creating a work that can symbolize the scientific and technological achievements of19th century". The number of entries reached 700, and the last one was the design scheme of building 1000-foot-high iron tower submitted by architect Eiffel. 53-year-old Alexander gustave eiffel was a famous architect in Europe at that time, and he can be found in the list of designers of the most famous buildings in the second half of19th century. Eiffel suggested that the French authorities build an iron tower twice the height of the tallest building in the world at that time-pyramid of khufu, Cologne Cathedral and Ulm Cathedral, and submitted the drawings and calculation results to the General Committee of Expo 1889 in June, 1887, and won the bid on1October 8. However, when people in the cultural circles in Paris heard about this plan, they immediately sent a letter of protest: "... it's time to make clear what they are pursuing and imagine this strange and ridiculous tower." It stands like a huge black factory chimney over Paris. This behemoth will cover Notre Dame de Paris, the Palace for the Disabled, the Arc de Triomphe and other famous buildings. This ugly column riveted with steel will cast a disgusting shadow on this ancient city with centuries of breath ... "The design of the Eiffel Tower appeared in a period of change. The tower is a modernist work that opposes the classical dome model. /kloc-Paris in the 0/9th century still imitates the classical style of the Renaissance, which is reflected in the fashion of restoring the dome in architecture, and the tower designed by Eiffel is anti-traditional. The iron tower is a steel structure building. As the "Crystal Palace" is the first large-scale building made of glass, steel and wood in history, it has created the source of modern architecture, and no city building can compare with it. 1887 65438+1On October 28th, the construction of the Eiffel Tower officially broke ground. It took a year and a half to build the pedestal and more than eight months to install the tower. It was all completed on March 3 1889. * * * 50 architects and designers drew 5300 blueprints. Eiffel's calculations are extremely accurate. The factory in Levallois-Paley has produced 65,438+02,000 parts with different specifications. None of them need to be modified during installation, and almost no accidents occurred during the two years of construction. For the 25 million visitors to the 1889 Paris World Expo, the Eiffel Tower, with a height of 300 meters, has become the most attractive wonder of the world, which embodies the achievements of architectural technology and the boldest and most advanced architectural engineering art of the whole century ... Four elevators with a passenger capacity of 100 people send thousands of tourists to the altitude of1kloc every day. The iron tower made the Expo a great commercial success, so that the next year 13 Industrial Expo was still held in Paris. It is found that the best way to understand the urban layout is to climb the tower and overlook it. Until the1930s, the Eiffel Tower was the tallest building in the world, and it is still a world-famous city landmark and symbol. Since the completion of the Eiffel Tower, cities all over the world are competing to build it. As the commanding height and landmark of the city, the Eiffel Tower once evolved into a growing trend. We can see towering TV towers, sightseeing towers and tourist towers in almost any city. As the famous motto of the World Expo says, "Everything starts with the World Expo", the World Expo has gathered the most advanced achievements of civilization, the latest products and ideas of all times. The Crystal Palace and the Eiffel Tower, which were born in the World Expo, are the first in history, and the modern architectural trend they lead is still enduring. I believe that in the new century, the World Expo will bring more creativity and surprises to people.

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