Causes of complex tropospheric weather

Three reasons of complicated tropospheric weather:

The temperature decreases with the increase of height. The average temperature drops by 0.65℃ for every increase of 100 m. This is because the warming of troposphere mainly comes from absorbing long-wave radiation from the surface. The farther away from the surface, the less the surface heating and the lower the temperature. After the lower atmosphere is heated by the surface, it transfers heat to the upper atmosphere.

(2) The convection movement is remarkable. The upper troposphere is cold and the lower troposphere is warm, so the cold air in the upper troposphere is heavy and sinks, while the warm and humid air in the lower troposphere rises, which can form strong air convection. So the troposphere means "rotation" and "mixing" in Greek. Among them, the low latitude ground absorbs more solar radiation, the lower temperature is higher and the convection is strong; The low-level temperature and weak convection in high latitudes.

(3) The horizontal distribution of meteorological elements such as temperature and humidity is uneven. The troposphere is closest to the ground, and meteorological factors such as temperature and humidity are most affected by the ground. Uneven distribution of land, sea and terrain will cause differences in the distribution of meteorological elements such as troposphere.

It can be further subdivided in the troposphere. Meteorologically, the near-surface atmosphere with a thickness of 1~2 km from the ground is called the planetary boundary layer, also known as the friction layer. The boundary layer atmosphere is significantly affected by surface friction, and the exchange between air and the surface is very strong, which can transport the heat and water vapor from the surface to the higher atmosphere, and the meteorological elements in this layer have obvious daily changes.