A corner of Xipu Village, Xipu, Shouning.

The enduring cultural atmosphere of xipu Village laid the foundation for the ancient cultural scenery, leaving many places of interest and classic houses. From Song Dynasty to modern times, there are still buildings of past dynasties, one by one, which makes people linger. A standard building-Champion Square. After Miao Chan won the first prize, the Champion Square was built outside the official residence of Changxi County (now Xiapu). In the following 800 years, many Shouning county magistrates and Miao descendants built Zhuangyuanfang or Zhuangyuan Bridge for Miao Zen in Shouning county, Xixi and Xipu respectively. Among them, in the fifth year of Zheng De in Ming Dynasty (1526), Shouning County ordered Yin Zhou to build the Champion Square in the south of Zhijie (now Jiefang Street) in the county seat, and made a note of it. At the same time, he changed the name of the stream passing through the county to Chanxi. In the twenty-first year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1542), Shouning County ordered Xiong Zhi to build the Champion Bridge at the old site of Aihui Bridge (now Zilai Bridge) in front of the county government, and wrote two poems, Preface to the Champion Bridge and Champion Bridge. Unfortunately, the former Zhuangyuan Square (Bridge) has been abandoned. However, in the mid-1990s, with the approval of Shouning County People's Government, it was agreed to rebuild Zhuangyuanfang in the former site of Zhuangyuanfang in Xipuhe County. Subsequently, the Miao people from all over Fujian and Zhejiang spontaneously donated money to rebuild the grand champion square next to the original first road at the south foot of Jinzhongshan Mountain in Xipu Village. The whole building is rectangular, surrounded by a wall more than 2 meters high, with 8 steps on the front. Stepping up the stairs, a magnificent and quaint archway stands in front of us, with the word "No.1 scholar" engraved in the middle, and the square top pattern is embossed and vivid. Through this main building, there is a hexagonal pavilion with glazed tile roof, named "Huanggu Pavilion", in which the algae wells are beautifully painted. Walking into the gate of the memorial hall, the congratulatory plaque on the wall shines brightly, and the words and patterns on each plaque are masterpieces of calligraphy and sculpture. The whole garden is dotted with poets and poets, and there are many poems. Since the Zhuangyuan Square was built in the autumn of 1997, there has been an endless stream of tourists. Ritual building-ancestral hall. Xipu Village has four ancient ancestral temples: Nanyang Temple, Jingshan Temple, Fengyang Temple and Sijiao Temple. The ancestral temple is in the core position in Xipu, which is not only a place for ancestor worship, but also a place for people to discuss. It is not only a bond of blood relationship, but also a memorial hall for outstanding people in the clan. Nanyang temple. Along the stream near the south bank of Yong 'an Bridge, there is a special building, which is the "Nanyang Temple" of the Miao people in Xipu Village, and now it is also called "One Temple". Among many sacrificial buildings in Xipu, it is the most distinctive. This ancestral hall was built in the 57th year of Qing Qianlong (1792). According to local historical records, ancestral temples have been built many times in different times and places before, but they were abandoned due to floods. This ancestral hall is large in scale, reasonable in layout, gorgeous in shape, rigorous in structure and antique. Surrounded by clear water in front of the door, leaning against Jin Zhongshan. The memorial archway in Liang Fang is exquisitely carved, with heavy colors and solemnity. There are four colorful reliefs with flowers as the theme on the front of the roof. After two centuries of wind and rain, the color is still very bright. On the concave walls on both sides, there is a couplet inscribed by Dong, the magistrate of Shouning County in the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty: "Aoyang is the champion and xipu is the historian." Stepping into the gate, the interior is integrated by the stage and the front and rear halls. The most eye-catching thing is the ancient stage. Above the octagonal algae well, there are many dramatic plots of the year, and the characters are lifelike. It is still discernible, and there are still some reliefs on the roof. On the whole, it still retains the gorgeous style of the past. In the front hall (Xiangtang) opposite the stage, a delicate giant plaque is hung high, on which the word "No.1 scholar" is engraved with gold thread, and the word "purport" is engraved at the top of the middle. The plaque is decorated with gold lacquer lace. This number one plaque shows the brilliance of the Miao people. Jingshan Temple. It was built in the tenth year of Jiading in Song Dynasty (12 17), and it is the oldest. This ancestral hall is three rooms wide and three courtyards. Before liberation, the Qiandian (Enjoy Hall) was dilapidated, and the ground was covered with thorns, making it difficult for people to get involved. There is a pond four meters square in the middle. Above the seven stone steps, there is a sleeping hall. Although there are not many furnishings, the porch in front of the sleeping room is beautifully carved and rich in themes. In particular, the "carp yue longmen" pattern symbolizing graduation on the moon beam is lifelike. Euphemistically expressed xipu's good wishes for talents and villagers to make progress. This building is both a shrine and a temple. In 1950s and 1970s, it was renovated twice and converted into a temple called Jingshan Temple. Fengyang temple. Also known as "Erdao Temple", it faces Nanyang Temple across the river. It was built in the thirty-third year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1907). A gatehouse was built on the front, with a wooden plaque of "Miao Ancestral Hall" hanging on it, and there was a big stage in the door. Compared with A Ancestral Temple, there are fewer algae wells on it, but an auxiliary stage was added on the right side in the early 1950s, which was specially designed for the accompaniment of the band during the performance. Four major religious temples. Sijiao Temple was formerly a library built in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. It was built by Miao Shengzhi and named "Yueyuxuan", which inspired children. In the sixth year of Tongzhi reign in the Qing Dynasty (1867), Miao Shengzhi's great-grandson built a nave and two temples in the original site of Yue Yuxuan, trying to build a "Four-religion Temple", but the fire spread to the surrounding areas and most of them were burned by a torch. 19 12, and its descendants raised funds to make it. Worship buildings-Taiyin Palace and Imperial Palace. Taiyin Palace is located in the upper right of the Zen altar, beside Xixi (Beixi). It was built in Dade period of Yuan Dynasty (1297- 1307) and rebuilt in Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty (1870). It can be called the "ancestor" of Xipu ancient buildings. It is built on a mountain and faces two waters. On the walls on both sides of the gate, the calligraphy "Two rivers flow freely outside the pavilion, and four people protect the front of the temple with fireworks" is a couplet with strict meter and neat antithesis, which not only concisely explains the geographical environment where Taiyin Palace is located, but also expresses the good wishes of all walks of life in xipu who believe in Buddhism and pray for blessings. There are three shrines in the Hall of Ursa Major, all of which are dedicated to female bodhisattvas. In the middle is the statue of Chen Jinggu. The shrine on the left is dedicated to Mazu, and the shrine on the right is dedicated to Guanyin in Nanhai. There is a golden couple on the left and right. The most noteworthy is the algae wells and murals on both sides of the main hall. Although it has gone through 700 years of spring and autumn, the colors are still the same. Above the main hall is an oval octagonal algae well painted with fairy tales such as The Journey to the West and The List of Gods. The algae well on the left depicts a pair of golden roosters flapping their wings to fight, and the algae well on the right depicts a beautiful peacock perched on a laurel tree. These murals are not only rich in content, but also exquisite and creative. Since the establishment of Taiyin Palace, every year on the eve of Lantern Festival, good people in the village will decorate Taiyin Palace with lanterns and colorful decorations. Many families donate voluntarily, the first thing to do is to collect and prepare incense, and invite Taoist priests to set up a Dojo for a few days to "welcome immortals" and pray for good luck and peace in the village. During the period, gongs and drums were loud, firecrackers were heard, and devout people went to the palace to burn incense and pray. The Grand Palace on the xipu River lives next to Taiyin Palace. Founded in 37 years of the Republic of China (1948). At present, the villagers are vigorously expanding and rebuilding, and soon it will show its luxurious style. Classical dwellings-ancient dwellings. There are hundreds of ancient houses in Xipu. Due to different social status, economic strength and construction years, the ancient dwellings in Xipu Village are naturally different in quality, scale and style. Most of the ancient houses in Xipu Village are large and small. The three-story courtyard has three entrances and two floors, and their gatehouse is full of changes. There are Song-style, double eaves leaning against mountains and single stone doorframes. The materials used are also different, some are all wood structures, some are all stone, some are stone-wood frames, and some are masonry structures. Most of Xipu ancient houses have two gatehouses inside and outside, with the outer gate facing the upstream water. Some outer doorframes are engraved with couplets, the lintel is decorated with symbolic reliefs such as "Fish" (more than one year) and "Deer" (Fulu), and the door is engraved with "Shen Tu is depressed and tired" to ward off evil spirits. If the inner door is facing the main hall, there is often a stone tunnel connected with it, forming an axial symmetry. Stepping into the inner gate building, you can see the wings of the patio. There are often several tables with different decorations in front of the wall of the hall, and there is a "stigma mirror" at the upper end of the post. This column is shaped like a disk, and the vase is engraved with gossip, which is different from family to family. The doors and windows of xipu ancient house are beautifully carved with rich themes; The arches in Liang Fang are beautifully carved. Xipu Creek is rich in stones, so the pedestal of rammed earth wall of every ancient house is built with rough stones. Courtyards and roads are paved with pebbles of all sizes, many of which are classic and distinctive. Miaobufu Ancient House is a well-preserved classic residence in Xipu Village. It was built by Miao in Xianfeng period. The ancient house is located on the left side of Xizaibian Road. The wall of the front yard is parallel to the road, and a rammed earth wall is built on the wall foundation made of rubble. A flat square stone is stacked at one end of the wall base facing the door, and the edge is gradually closed upwards, forming quite soft lines, and all the inside and outside of the high firewall are painted. The floor of the hall of this five or six old house is paved with concrete. The upper stringer is carefully carved. There are wooden doors on the left and right sides of the back of the central beam screen wall. The hollowed-out pattern on the door makes the front and rear rooms look separated, which increases the level and is full of changes. There is also a patio in the backyard and a flower bed at the root of the front wall. On the long steps of three stones, all kinds of bonsai are neatly placed. Throughout the year, exotic flowers and grasses compete for each other. This makes the backyard environment very beautiful and charming, especially the century-old cycad, which is fragrant from generation to generation. Witnessed the vicissitudes of this ancient house and the rise and fall of honor and disgrace. The sculpture of this ancient house is mainly about plants and animals. "Pomegranate", "Flat Peach" and "Orange" are engraved on the door next to the porch in front of the hall. These sculptures all take a beautiful meaning, some take its homonym, such as: orange-Geely, and some take its meaning, such as: multi-seed pomegranate. But all flowers have fruits, which means beauty. In the whole house, the most striking thing is bat sculpture. "Bat" and "Fu" are homophonic, symbolizing happiness. From the front yard to the back yard, from the stigma to the beam, doors and windows are decorated with bat sculptures everywhere. An ancient workshop-oil mill. There is a lot of cultivated land in Xipu. Since ancient times, the ancestors of Xipu have been industrious and capable, vigorously cultivated land in the mountains around the village and planted camellia oleifera crops everywhere. In addition, there are many streams in the village, which provide power conditions for the waterwheel, so the Camellia oleifera workshop came into being. There is an ancient oil mill at the top left of the Zen altar. A huge ancient waterwheel is facing the gate of the oil mill. There is a big grinding disc in the middle of the oil mill, which is used to grind brown hazelnuts. After that, it is cooked on a pot stove built against the wall, and the hot air from the wooden steamer brings out the attractive fragrance of hazelnuts. The sound of the waterwheel running around the clock and the rhythmic tapping of the mallet when pressing oil interweave into cheerful country songs. Youfang was built in Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty, with a history of nearly 200 years. The villagers here collect hazelnuts from the mountains around early winter every year, peel them and dry them, and then process them into edible oil or lighting oil. Oil production starts every year 1 1 month and lasts until March of the following year. You can squeeze up to three or four hundred tons of oil a year. In the 1950s and 1960s, the second floor of this oil mill was a tea workshop in the village. There are four kinds of traditional wooden tea kneading machines in sequence. The tea knead machine is driven by a wooden gear on that water shaft. Every spring tea mining season, people are busy squeezing oil downstairs and making tea upstairs. The villagers' faces were filled with joy that could not be concealed when harvesting. Now, oil production continues every year, but the traditional workshops in the past have been gloriously "laid off". Pavilion of ancient roads-shiguling pavilion. There is a stone road in the south of Xipu Village called Shiguling, which used to be the main road from Shouning to Xipu Dataishun. A pavilion was built at the top of the ridge and named Shiguling Pavilion after the road. This ancient pavilion was built by Xipu villagers in Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty (1796— 1820) and rebuilt in Wugeng period of the Republic of China (1930). This is a large-scale tea pavilion, with five compartments on the front, five wooden benches on the rammed earth wall and eleven beams on the pavilion, which contain the time of building the pavilion, the first thing, silver donation and so on. After the pavilion was built, the local people set aside three or four acres of land next to the pavilion for people living in the pavilion to cultivate. Groups of passers-by and villagers working in this area often go to the pavilion to rest or shelter from the rain. Especially in the hot summer, they sit on polished wooden benches, feel the cool wind passing through the pavilion, smoke cigarettes, enjoy fragrant teas and chat with each other, which is very comfortable. How much wind and rain, how much spring and autumn. The villagers in Xipu live a farming life with hard-working hands. After the founding of New China, especially after the spring breeze of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, great changes have taken place in Xipu Village. Nowadays, with the continuous development of local economy, the majority of villagers take agriculture as the leading factor, adjust measures to local conditions, expand tea gardens and start businesses. In the past ten years, the village has established three tea factories, a hydropower station with an installed capacity of 65,438+0,000 kilowatts, a large bamboo handicraft factory, a gas station, 17 machine brick factory, as well as a toy factory and a slate processing factory. Xipu Tea Factory, especially, was established in 1996, and has formed a large-scale production line of primary, refined and special tea technology. More than ten series products of "Miyayama Fairy Thunder" produced by this factory are exported to Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong and other provinces and cities. In May, 20001,it won the gold medal of "China Shaanxi First Tea Expo", was awarded the "Recommended Famous Tea Award" by China Tea Society and Wang Sai Organizing Committee of China Star Tea in June of the same year, and was awarded the silver prize by China Tea Circulation Association in June of 2004 ... Since then, the company's "Miyayama Xianlei" products have built well-known brands in domestic and foreign markets and been promoted. A long history, numerous historical sites, unique scenery, simple folk customs, wise ancestors, smoky past and soaring economy are intertwined into a colorful picture of xipu. With the progress of the times, Xipu, a historic village in Zhao and Song Dynasties, will glow with more charming brilliance!